Seasonal decline in nestling cellular immunocompetence results from environmental factors — an experimental study

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 920-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dubiec ◽  
Mariusz Cichoń
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hatching Date ◽  
Seasonal Environment ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Seasonal Decline

In a seasonal environment, immune function in bird nestlings has been reported to decline with hatching date. Two groups of factors are expected to contribute to this decline: (1) seasonal deterioration of environmental conditions, e.g., food availability, and (2) differences in individual quality between parents breeding early and late in the season. To distinguish between these effects, an experimental manipulation of hatching date in great tits (Parus major L., 1758) was conducted. Whole clutches were swapped between pairs of nests with a 6-day difference in expected hatching date, while some nests remained nonmanipulated, constituting a control group. Nestling T-cell-mediated immune response to phytohaemagglutinin was negatively related to hatching date both within nonmanipulated control broods and all broods pulled together. Experimental change in hatching date produced changes in nestling immune response, as predicted from the seasonal trend observed in the control nests. Male and female nestlings did not differ in the level of immune response and the seasonal decline in immune response did not differ between sexes. Our results indicate that the seasonal decline in nestling immune function may be driven by date-dependent environmental conditions rather than differences in parental quality.

Nestling cell-mediated immune response, body mass and hatching date as predictors of local recruitment in the pied flycatcherFicedula hypoleuca

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Moreno ◽  
Santiago Merino ◽  
Juan J. Sanz ◽  
Elena Arriero ◽  
Judith Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hatching Date ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Local Recruitment

scholarly journals An Intranasal Vaccination with a Recombinant Outer Membrane Protein H against Haemorrhagic Septicemia in Swamp Buffaloes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anucha Muenthaisong ◽  
Boondarika Nambooppha ◽  
Amarin Rittipornlertrak ◽  
Pallop Tankaew ◽  
Thanya Varinrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Stimulation Index ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Ability ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Swamp Buffaloes ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Cellular Immune

Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) is an important infectious disease in cattle and buffaloes, caused by Pasteurella multocida B:2 and E:2. The intranasal recombinant OmpH-based vaccine was successfully used to protect dairy cattle from HS in a previous study. Thus, this study aimed to examine the protective ability of that vaccine among buffaloes. Four groups of Thai swamp buffaloes received different vaccines and were labeled as 100 or 200 μg of the rOmpH with CpG-ODN2007, commercial HS bacterin vaccine, and nonvaccinated control groups. Sera and whole blood were collected to examine the antibody levels and cellular immune response using indirect ELISA and MTT assay, respectively. Challenge exposure was performed with virulent P. multocida strain M-1404 serotype B:2 on day 72 of the experiment. The antibody titers to P. multocida among immunized buffaloes were significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.01), especially the 200 μg of the rOmpH group. The stimulation index (SI) of the intranasally vaccinated groups revealed significantly higher levels than the nonvaccinated group (p<0.01), but not different from the intramuscularly commercial HS vaccine. The clinical signs and high fever were observed after challenge exposure in the nonvaccinated group, while it was not observed among the 200 μg of rOmpH immunized buffaloes. The other immunized groups showed partial protection with transient fever. In conclusion, the rOmpH-based intranasal vaccine could elicit protective ability and induce antibody- and cell-mediated immune response against virulent P. multocida strain among swamp buffaloes.

scholarly journals Cell mediated immune response in human antirabies revaccination

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Regina Veiga ◽  
Carlos Roberto Zanetti ◽  
Nelson Figueiredo Mendes ◽  
Octávio Augusto de Carvalho Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group Response ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
Group A ◽  
Lymphoblastic Transformation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Antigen

The occurrence of secondary cell mediated immune response (CMI) in human antirabies immunization was studied. The Puenzalida & Palácios vaccine was used because it is routinely used in Brazil. CMI was evaluated by lymphoblastic transformation indices obtained in whole blood culture in the presence of rabies and control (nervous tissue) antigens. Eleven volunteers submitted to revaccination constituted the group under study, while three other volunteers submitted primo vaccination were utilized as control group. A clear secondary CMI to rabies antigen was detected in all the revaccinated volunteers who showed earlier and more intense response than the control group. Response to the control antigen, however, present in all the components of the first group was not detectable in two out of the three primovaccinated and very low in the third one.

Effects of Turmeric and Cinnamon Powder on Performance and Immune Traits of Broiler Chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadhim S Kadhim
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Immune Traits

This experience was done to impact assessment of turmeric and cinnamon powder added of a commercial broiler fed on the performance and immune response. Three dietary processing (50 chicks per treatment) with (2) duplicate (25chicks perduplicate) of broiler strain (Cobb) at one day old, G1 (as control group) chicks fed on basal nutrition without any supplement. however, G2 and G3 nutrition on feed supplemented with 0.5 and 0.5% cinnamon powder and turmeric powder respectively to the end of the study (35 days) to examine the broiler implementation and immune function. The results of experiment that the two treated groups had a useful effect on the antibody titer against (NDV), (IB), bursa index and spleen index. The rise levels of Immunostimulatory were theorize as the signal of anti-virus action of turmeric and Cinnamon. on the other hand. The results showed significant (p less than 0.05) advance of performance in treatment groups compared with control group. finally, cinnamon powder and turmeric powder complement in broiler feeds was advantageous to chickens performance and immune status.

Seasonal decline in health status of Great Tit (Parus major) nestlings

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1829-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dubiec ◽  
Mariusz Cichoñ
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Great Tit ◽  
Hatching Date ◽  
Offspring Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Seasonal Decline ◽  
The Relationship

Seasonal variation in offspring survival and recruitment rates in birds may be mediated by immune function, as it defines the ability of individuals to protect themselves against parasites and infectious diseases. To investigate the relationship between hatching date and health status of Great Tit (Parus major) nestlings, two blood parameters (leukocyte level and haematocrit) were estimated. Leukocyte level decreased as the season progressed within first but not second broods, while haematocrit showed no seasonal variation within either brood type. However, nestlings from first broods had both higher leukocyte levels and higher haematocrit than nestlings from second broods. Nestling body condition (defined as the residual of body mass on tarsus length calculated from linear regression) was not related to hatching date within brood type, while a significant difference between brood types was found. We suggest that the commonly observed decline in juvenile survival rate as the season progresses may be at least partly attributed to seasonal changes in health status.

scholarly journals Cell-mediated immune response of synovial fluid lymphocytes to ureaplasma antigen in Reiter's syndrome

2003 ◽  
Vol 131 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Pavlica ◽  
Nada Pejnovic ◽  
Nada Draskovic
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Proliferative Response ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reiter's Syndrome ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Reiter’S Syndrome ◽  
Synovial Fluid Lymphocytes

INTRODUCTION Reiter's syndrome (RS) is an seronegative arthritis that occurs after urogenital or enteric infection which in addition with occular and/or mucocutaneous manifestations presents complete form of disease. According to previous understanding arthritis in the RS is the reactive one, which means that it is impossible to isolate its causative agent. However, there are the more and more authors suggesting that arthritis in the urogenital form of disease is caused by the infective agent in the affected joint. This suggestion is based on numerous studies on the presence of Chlmaydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in the inflamed joint by using new diagnostic methods in molecular biology published in the recent literature [1-3]. Besides, numerous studies of the humoral and cell-mediated immune response to "triggering" bacteria in the affected joint have supported previous suggestions [4-7]. Aim of the study was to determine whether synovial fluid T-cells specifically recognize the "triggering" bacteria presumably responsible for the Reiter's syndrome. METHOD The 3H-thymidine uptake procedure for measuring lymphocyte responses was applied to lymphocytes derived concurrently from synovial fluid (SF) and from peripheral blood (PB) [8]. Ureaplasma antigen and mitogen PHA stimulated lymphocytes in 24 RS patients (24 PB samples, 9 SF samples) and the results were compared with those found in 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (10 PB samples, 5 SF samples). Preparation of ureaplasma antigen. Ureaplasma was cultured on cell-free liquid medium [9]. Sample of 8 ml was heat-inactivated for 15 minutes at 601C and permanently stirred with magnetic mixer. The sample was centrifuged at 2000 x g for 40 minutes and than deposits carefully carried to other sterile glass tubes (Corex) and recentrifuged at 9000 x g for 30 minutes. The deposit was washed 3 times in sterile 0.9% NaCl, and final sediment was resuspended in 1.2 ml sterile 0.9% NaCl. Bacteriology: Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated by cell culture using cycloheximide-treated McCoy cells [10], while Ureaplasma urealyticum was identified according to its biochemical properties grown on cell-free liquid medium [9]. RESULTS Proliferative response of the PB lymphocytes to stimulation by mitogen and ureaplasma antigen did not differ between RS and RA patients. Also, there was no difference in proliferative response of SF lymphocytes to mitogen stimulation between RS and RA patients (Figure 1). However, proliferation of SF lymphocytes stimulated by ureaplasma antigen was significantly elevated in RS patients compared with the control group. This difference is statistically significant (p<0.05) (Figure 2). Difference in proliferative response of the PB and SF lymphocytes stimulated by the ureaplasma antigen was not found in RS patients. DISCUSSION It was found that SF lymphocytes of RS patients showed significantly elevated proliferative response to stimulation by the ureaplasma antigen compared with SF lymphocytes of the control group. There was no difference when the lymphocytes were stimulated by the mitogen. Our findings suggest that elevated proliferative response of lymphocytes is the sign of stimulation cell-mediated immunity to antigen present in inflamed joint. Hence, the main immune response to Ureaplasma is on the cell-mediated level in the affected joint. This confirms the earlier finding reported by Ford et all. who concluded that synovial rather than peripheral blood lymphocytes indicate the microbiological cause of arthritis [11,12]. Horowitz etal. demonstrated the correlation between clinical remission after antibiotic therapy and eradication of Ureaplasma, together with a decrease in cellular immune response synovial fluid lymphocytes to ureaplasma antigen stimulation [13]. In that study Horowitz did not find statisticaly significant difference of ureaplasma proliferative response between PB and SF lymphocytes in patients with RS. We obtained the same results. Than we concluded that sensibilization of immune system exist in the presence of foreign antigen in RS patients. The other authors demonstrated higher stimulation indices than the ones we found in our patients [11-15]. This difference may be the result of different preparation of antigens, in other words selection of serotype of Ureaplasma for antigen preparation different conditions of lymphocyte cultivation. We concluded that the presence of antigen, antigen-specific T cells and efficient antigen-presenting cells (CD4+T cells) in the joint of RS patients strongly suggests that a T-cell-mediated response to bacteria has the central role in the pathogenesis of Reiter's syndrom.

Effects of experimental food restriction and body-mass changes on the avian T-cell-mediated immune response

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alonso-Alvarez ◽  
José L Tella
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Body Mass Changes ◽  
Ad Libitum

The T-cell-mediated immune response (CMI) of birds, measured with the phytohaemagglutinin skin test, is in most cases positively correlated with their body mass. This correlation, however, does not imply causality, since high-quality birds may be more immunocompetent as well as heavier at the time of sampling. We assessed this relationship experimentally by measuring the changes in body mass and CMI in individual captive yellow-legged gulls (Larus cachinnans) maintained with food provided ad libitum (control group), with no food (fasting group), or with one-third of their daily food requirements (subfeeding group). We identified a direct, nonlinear relationship between food intake, body mass, and CMI. Before the experiment started, body mass of birds (corrected for size) fed ad libitum did not correlate with their CMI, while a positive correlation was found after food restriction. This suggests that birds may reach a threshold above which increases in food intake and body mass do not enhance CMI. Thereafter, food restriction caused decreases in CMI that were significantly correlated with the percentage of body mass lost by each bird. However, for birds that lost similar proportions of body mass, changes in CMI varied according to food-restriction treatment, the subfeeding group exhibiting a stronger CMI than the fasting group.

scholarly journals Effect of Varying Levels of Hempseed Meal Supplementation on Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Goats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2764
Author(s):  
Frank Abrahamsen ◽  
Gopal Reddy ◽  
Woubit Abebe ◽  
Nar Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Tnf Α

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of varying levels of hempseed meal supplementation on antibody and cell-mediated immune responses, as well as the expression of some of the important immunoregulatory cytokines. Treatments consisted of hempseed meal supplementation at 0 (control), 10, 20, and 30% of the total diet. Goats were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments n = 10. Cell-mediated immune response was evaluated on day 59 of the feeding period by measuring skinfold thickness at 24 h following intradermal injection of phytohemagglutinin. A significant increase in skinfold thickness was observed with increasing levels of supplementation as compared to that of the control group. Serum antibody titers to chicken ovalbumin were not significantly different between treatment groups. Cytokine concentrations of IL-6 increased linearly with increasing level of supplementation (p < 0.05), contrarily to the linear decrease that was observed for TNF-α (p < 0.05). Although IL-2 tended to increase with the 10 and 30% levels of supplementation (p < 0.07), the result was not significant, and no significant differences were obtained with respect to IL-4 concentrations. Cytokine gene expression values measured by RT-PCR, however, demonstrated some significant differences. HSM supplementation had no significant effect on the expression of IL-2 or IL-6. However, significant differences were observed with the 30% supplementation for IL-4 and TNF-α as compared to that of the control group (p < 0.05). IL-4 was down regulated for the 10 and 20% treatment groups but was upregulated for the 30% treatment group. TNF-α was downregulated in the 10% but upregulated for the 20 and 30% treatment groups. No significant differences were observed for the serum cortisol concentration or white blood cell counts. These results suggested that hempseed meal supplementation may improve cell-mediated immune response while having no effect on antibody-mediated immune response. However, more research needs to be conducted to determine the most efficacious inclusion rate.

MYCOPLASMA AND CHLAMYDIA AS ETHIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN TERMS OF ETHNOGENESIS

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
O. A. Sharavii ◽  
S. V. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Chlamydophila Psittaci ◽  
Asthma Patients

 Aim. The study of the prevalence and clinical peculiarities of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis in patients with different pathogenic forms of bronchial asthma (BA) taking into account ethnicity of a patient. Subjects and Methods. The research covered 239 subjects – both the Europeoids and the Mongoloids in the city of Krasnoyarsk and the town of Kyzyl, all of them being BA patients of different stages, including acute stage and practically healthy. We had determined antigens Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydia trachomatis in smears of mucosa of pharynx and antibodies to these antigens in peripheral blood serum. Results.  We found high frequency of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis in the inhabitants of Eastern Siberia, BA patients with different pathogenic forms as compared to control group. We had determined ethnic peculiarities of specific immune response: IgM to М. pneumoniae was revealed in the Europoids more frequently than in the Mongoloids, but IgM to С. pneumoniae and to C. trachomatis, C. trachomatis antigens had been revealed more often in the Mongoloids than in the Europoids. We accepted as clinical equivalents of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis diagnostics the following signs: temperature around 37C (subfebrile temperature), non-intensive but stable coughing with scanty mucous and muco-purulent sputum, dyspnea of mixed character. Conclusions. Mycoplasma and Chlamydia are meaningful etiologic factors of bronchial asthma. We have found the peculiarities of immune response depending on ethnicity of a patient (ethnic belonging). Clinical markers of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis should be taken into account in bronchial asthma in order to provide diagnostics timely as well as eradication of infection agents. Because of insufficient knowledge of problem of bronchial asthma related to contamination with Мycoplasma and Chlamydia we put the goal to study the frequency of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis occurrence in bronchial asthma patients and determine the characteristics clinical course of diseases. We defined antigens Мycoplasma pneumoniae, Мycoplasma hominis, Chlamydophila pneumoniaе, Chlamydophila psittaci, Chlamydia trachomatis in smears of oropharynx mucosa and antibodies to them in blood serum. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document