MODIFICATIONS OF THE GROUND MOTION IN DENSE URBAN AREAS

2001 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 1659-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIDIER CLOUTEAU ◽  
DENIS AUBRY
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Elastic Half Space ◽  
Incident Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Layered Soils ◽  
The City ◽  
Strong Scattering

The main motivation of this work is to analyze whether or not the presence of buildings is able to modify the seismic field significantly. We first present a numerical method able to account for a three-dimensional building distribution resting on a layered elastic-half-space. The proposed method is based on a variational coupling between Boundary Elements and modal representation for the buildings. Provided with the hypothesis of a stochastic homogeneous distribution of these buildings or a deterministic periodic one, a realistic model of an entire city may be accounted for. This method is applied to practical situations and it is shown that modifications of the incident field occur mainly for soft layered soils. However from an engineering point of view, it appears that the amplification levels are not significantly modified even in these extreme cases. Nevertheless, a strong scattering of the response inside the city depends on the nearby buildings can be observed.

scholarly journals VIRTUAL TOURS FOR SMART CITIES: A COMPARATIVE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPROACH FOR LOCATING HOT-SPOTS IN SPHERICAL PANORAMAS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Feriozzi ◽  
A. Meschini ◽  
D. Rossi ◽  
F. Sicuranza
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Geometric Point ◽  
Spherical Images ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The paper aims to investigate the possibilities of using the panorama-based VR to survey data related to that set of activities for planning and management of urban areas, belonging to the Smart Cities strategies. The core of our workflow is to facilitate the visualization of the data produced by the infrastructures of the Smart Cities. A graphical interface based on spherical panoramas, instead of complex three-dimensional could help the user/citizen of the city to better know the operation related to control units spread in the urban area. From a methodological point of view three different kind of spherical panorama acquisition has been tested and compared in order to identify a semi-automatic procedure for locating homologous points on two or more spherical images starting from a point cloud obtained from the same images. The points thus identified allow to quickly identify the same hot-spot on multiple images simultaneously. The comparison shows how all three systems have proved to be useful for the purposes of the research but only one has proved to be reliable from a geometric point of view to identify the locators useful for the construction of the virtual tour.</p>

scholarly journals The void and the memory. Ludovico Quaroni’s competition project for the Tobacco Manufacturing and the Navile Park in Bologna (1984). An urban figurative regeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Matteo Sintini
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Historical Memories ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The City ◽  
New System

<p>The Ludovico Quaroni's competition winner project for the urban park of the Tobacco Manufacturing and the Navile dockyard, although unrealised, still represents a sort of conclusive point of the search path (he died in 1987) of one of the most prominent characters of the Italian architectural scene – and not only - of the 20th century. Furthermore, the high number of contenders to the competition’s first stage (139) made the contest itself an extraordinary occasion of rethinking an important part of the city of Bologna, a somewhat hybrid part located on the verge of town historic centre and its first expansion and offered the chance of challenge for the mostly Italian architects. The Quaroni’s group was composed by many others architects including important authors of the reconstruction projects of Bologna in the years following World War II; their proposal aimed at bringing order in a non-connected urban context filled with many fragments of historical memories of the site. The process of spaces redefinition, as in the beginning projects of the architect’s career, is conducted with the tools of the “design” (as used by Manfredo Tafuri, 1964), as an instrument of territorial and urban areas re-composition, undertook through the conservation of trails, overlapped by a new system of episodes, keeping the idea of fragments, responding to the competition requirements. In fact, the project balances the new parts in strict relation with the pre-existing elements of the historic town centre, considering the tangible and material dimensions of the city. Such a new system is governed by a clear scheme of structured elements based on the project of void, provided with a clear formal image, whose final outcome is a figurative regeneration. In this idea and formal organism Quaroni developing many of his design principles, gives a personal interpretation to the contemporary issue of regeneration empowered by those reflections that had just entered in the much wider debate in the mid-eighties, about conservation and sustainability of historic centres and the natural environment. Notably, this issue is dealt with in a cultural environment such as the one of Bologna, a city that gave much to the debate on conservation of old towns (see the Cervellati plan); a discussion founding the Italian experience of the 20th century and particularly of its second half. From this point of view, the contribution of architects from Bologna at Quaroni’s project has therefore probably accounted for the special sensibility shown by the project on those matters. After giving up on Quaroni’s plan Aldo Rossi was chosen by the Municipality to develop the project; his ideas confirm, although with different outcomes, an approach based on the value of the conservation of memory and the use of clear forms as means of urban regeneration.</p>

scholarly journals WARUNG TEGAL: RELASI KAMPUNG MENYANGGA KOTA JAKARTA (Studi Kasus Pada Warung Tegal di Jakarta Timur)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Maflahah Maflahah ◽  
Akhmad Ramdhon
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Big City ◽  
The City

<p>Abstract : Low of skills and education background lead Tegal society was unable to access the economic formal sector in urban areas. Then, they choose the informal sectors such as street vendors, pedicab, and others to get money. Warung Tegal is one of to be a solution to keep them alive in the city. Warung Tegal become one of the solution to address this problem, moreover Warung Tegal is does not need high education and specific skills to do. The purpose of this research is to identified how Warung Tegal as a informal sector can stay and keep growing as high as city’s development to be a buffer the economic of the city. Theory that use in this research is Pierre Bourdieu’s social capital. The method that use in this research is qualitative research. The approach that use is case study and the sampling method is purposive sampling. Warung Tegal can be one of solution that can stay and compete in economic of the city. It prove that Warung Tegal can give a economic welfare to Tegal society. It can be seen that there are a lot of warteg with high persistent, mutual cooperation, and high social capital between warteg seller give a power to each other to stay in the city. Although they live in a long term in Jakarta, but they do not forget their hometown. Aplusan is a chance for them to back to their hometown. Tegal that seen as a village and Jakarta as a big city can make a strong bond between them. The conclution is Warung Tegal as a informal sector give a different point of view of city, not just a city that full of luxury but a city that look through informal sector as economic buffer zone.<br />Keywords : City, informal sector, social capital, village, warung tegal</p><p>Abstrak : Rendahnya keterampilan dan latar belakang pendidikan menyebabkan masyarakat Tegal tidak dapat mengakses sektor formal ekonomi di daerah perkotaan. Kemudian, mereka memilih sektor informal seperti pedagang kaki lima, becak, dan lain-lain untuk mendapatkan uang. Warung Tegal adalah salah satu solusi untuk membuat mereka tetap hidup di kota. Warung Tegal menjadi salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi masalah ini, terlebih lagi Warung Tegal tidak membutuhkan pendidikan tinggi dan keterampilan khusus untuk melakukannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi bagaimana Warung Tegal sebagai sektor informal dapat tetap dan terus tumbuh setinggi perkembangan kota untuk menjadi penyangga ekonomi kota. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah modal sosial Pierre Bourdieu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dan metode pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Warung Tegal dapat menjadi salah satu solusi yang dapat bertahan dan bersaing dalam ekonomi kota. Ini membuktikan bahwa Warung Tegal dapat memberikan kesejahteraan ekonomi bagi masyarakat Tegal. Dapat dilihat bahwa ada banyak warteg dengan persistensi, kerja sama timbal balik, dan modal sosial yang tinggi antara penjual warteg memberikan kekuatan untuk satu sama lain untuk tinggal di kota. Meskipun mereka hidup dalam jangka panjang di Jakarta, tetapi mereka tidak melupakan kampung halaman mereka. Aplusan adalah kesempatan bagi mereka untuk kembali ke kampung halaman mereka. Tegal yang dilihat sebagai desa dan Jakarta sebagai kota besar dapat membuat ikatan yang kuat di antara mereka. Kesimpulannya adalah Warung Tegal sebagai sektor informal memberikan sudut pandang yang berbeda dari kota, bukan hanya kota yang penuh kemewahan tetapi kota yang melihat melalui sektor informal sebagai zona penyangga ekonomi.</p><p>Kata Kunci: Kota, sektor informal, modal sosial, desa, warung tegal</p>

ROLE OF THE CONTEXT IN THE REHABILITATION OF URBAN AREAS DISTURBED BY INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Daria S. RYBAKOVA ◽  
Alexandr S. FEDOTOV
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
Functional Program ◽  
Industrial Activity ◽  
New Construction ◽  
The City ◽  
Methods Of Reconstruction

The article is devoted to the study of problems of urban areas, disturbed by industrial activity, as well as methods of their rehabilitation and inclusion in the city public life. In the course of the research domestic and foreign experience was analyzed using the example of realized objects of the last 10-15 years refl ecting two principal approaches to solving this issue: demolition and complete cleaning of the territory with subsequent new construction; full or partial modifi cation of the functional program of the facility while preserving the most valuable elements from the architectural and planning point of view, and complementing them with modern architectural objects (reconstruction). The methods of reconstruction are listed and classifi ed: restoration, modernization, restructuring, revitalization and renovation. According to the results of the research the main principle that architects should follow is att ention to the context of the place in all its manifestations (historical, social, fi gurative-emotional, natural or urban).

scholarly journals In the shadow of the urban regeneration megaproject: Urban transitions in downtown Łódź, Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Jarosław Kazimierczak ◽  
Piotr Kosmowski
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Business Community ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City

Abstract The Nowe Centrum Łodzi project that was completed in 2007 in Łódź, Poland is one of the biggest contemporary large-scale urban (re)development projects in Europe and the largest project of this type in Central Europe. The principal goals of the mega-project in question include the regeneration of degraded post-industrial and post-railway land in the city centre of Łódź and the enhancement of competitiveness and the metropolitan position of the city. The authors seek to identify spatial and functional changes at a mezo-scale, i.e. in the so-called immediate neighbourhood of the urban regeneration megaproject (URMP), which have accompanied the implementation of the Nowe Centrum Łodzi project over the years 2013–2016. The other aim was to classify urban areas neighbouring the URMP based on features of spatial and functional transformation identified in these areas. The studies allowed the researchers to identify three categories of urban area in the immediate neighbourhood of the URMP which revealed differences in spatial and functional transformations. We indicated that the transformation of the immediate neighbourhood of the URMP involved not only the local authorities responsible for the overall improvement of the quality of public space but also other users, inter alia, residents, local urban activists, the business community, public institutions, and NGOs, that in most cases complemented efforts initiated by the Municipality. From the methodological point of view the authors use a case study including desk research, an urban planning inventory, and direct observation.

scholarly journals Methods for the reconstruction of residential areas in the historical centre of Aleppo

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-301
Author(s):  
Bannoud Ghaleb ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Building Elements

The article discusses measures for restoring the living environment of the Syrian city of Aleppo taking regional characteristics, national traditions and religious normsinto account. Archival and field studies conducted for the identification of valuable environmental elements for each district of the city are presente-dalongside morphological building elements characteristic of urban areas pertaining to different periods. On the basis of morphological maps for residential building elements and general demographic trends, a system for the restoration of the Aleppo residential development, based on the modular method of forming the three-dimensional structure for a traditional residential building, is proposed. The proposed system for the forma-tion of a residential building is based on the multiple variability of its structure as formed by a limited number of volume elements. The technique supports the restoration of buildings using industrial methods combining various elements as applicable for creating a diverse urban environment. This technique is applicable not only in the city of Aleppo, but also in other Syrian cities affected by the military conflict, as well as in other regions with analogous climatic conditions and national traditions.

scholarly journals Anthropology of a city: organization, communication, information

2020 ◽  
pp. 244-248
Author(s):  
M.G. Ganopolsky
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Compact City ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
The City ◽  
Organization Communication

The article is concerned with the anthropology of a city. As an instrument of conceptualization, we used a three-dimensional scheme: organization — communication — information, which allows giving the urban interpre-tation for each of the coordinates, and then, using the two-dimensional projections (organization-information, or-ganization-communication, information-communication), to develop a concept of the three-dimensional image of city. It has been proposed to distinguish three types of organizational structures when considering the city as an organization: hierarchical, algorithmic, and relational. The necessity of curbing the growth of the city and solidat-ing it in the context of communication has produced a number of projections. One of them, "A compact city or city of short distances" has been considered. The concept of a compact city is based on the cost-effective public transport system, and it encourages pedestrian traffic and cycling. When considering the city as an organization, the main focus lies on its structure. From a topological point of view, it has been proposed to distinguish between three types of such structures: hierarchical, algorithmic, and relational. A hierarchical structure represents a tree of power hierarchy, but its content is not necessarily associated with consistent delegation of authority power (from top to bottom) or gradual accumulation of information (from the bottom up). Thus, a library catalogue, as well as other classification means, is arranged on the principle of hierarchy. An algorithmic structure is a scheme of production process which consists of a set of sequential operations. Its mathematical model appears as a net-work diagram. Typical examples of such structures include an algorithm of construction of a building, from founda-tion to roof, a conveyed assembly of complex technical devices, etc. In relation to a city, this structure can be filled with different content. Thus, carrying out of repair and maintenance in one of the city networks often requires not only formal coordination, but also a network schedule of joint work with other community services (water, electric-ity grid, heating, communication lines, etc.). A relational structure is a group of objects of arbitrary nature, usually of the same type, singled out from the total quantity of objects on the basis of any common feature. A complex of educational or medical institutions, trade companies, domestic services, etc. could be an example of such group within the organizational structure of a city.

scholarly journals Problematyka definicji miasta i ludności miejskiej w Chińskiej Republice Ludowej

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
Mirosław Wylon
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The City ◽  
Real City

Problems of city definition and urban population in the People’s Republic of China Present urbanization processes are characterized by unusual spontaneity, reflected in numerous problems in defining urban population and determining real city boundaries. Of particular interest, from a scientific point of view, is the case of China, where a considerable dynamics of socio-economic transformations, as ell as political and administrative issues are reflected in a complex urban structure. Serious complications in determining the real Chinese urban population number, or determining real city boundaries are the complicated administrative division, manifested by an unnatural size of the cities, and the inclusion of rural population under their urban jurisdiction. In addition, the question of social duality between the countryside and the city,caused by the Hukou register system, seriously hampers estimations of a city resident number. Mass migration from the countryside to cities, in most cases without updating the Hukou system, resulted in a lack of complete and accepted statistics concerning the population of Chinese cities. It is also worth mentioning, that rural migrants in urban areas are often a secondary category of citizens facing socio-economic discrimination, leading to a visible and tangible polarization among Chinese urban residents.

Estimation of Combined Sewer Overflow Discharge From the City of Malmö

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 333-340
Author(s):  
W. Hogland ◽  
R. Berndtsson ◽  
M. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
The City

The function of combined sewer overflows (CSO) from both a quantitative and a qualitative point of view is often little known in the Nordic communities. Since large pollution loads are discharged from urban areas by CSO, it is important to consider this problem when rehabilitation plans are established. A study aiming at the estimation of yearly volumes of CSO and yearly quantities of pollution load from CSO has been carried out in the city of Malmö, Sweden. The CSO discharges into four different types of receiving waters: the channel, the harbour, the Sege River and the Öresund. Registration of frequency, duration and water volume was made at about 30 weirs at different time periods. Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used both to simulate single SCO events and for continuous simulation. The results from these simulations were compared with actual measurements. The total pollution load was estimated from mean concentration of pollutants from more than 100 samples taken at different weirs and CSO events. Through analysis of the occurrence of CSO in time and space, a program of priorities for the rehabilitation of the CSO-system was established.

scholarly journals Impact of greening projects on the development of human capital in Vietnam’s cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 04054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Mai Huong Doan ◽  
Van Loc Nguyen ◽  
Dmitry Radushinsky ◽  
Thi Nhan Nguyen ◽  
Marina Gubankova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Professional Capital ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Perceived Quality Of Life ◽  
The City

The article considers the influence of factors of the urban environment on the human and professional capital of workers living in large cities of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The present state of urban agglomerations of Vietnam and the trends of greening urban areas are assessed, considered as a factor in the perceived quality of life of the population, which has a direct impact on the state and development of the human capital of workers living in the city. It is concluded that a significant part of the urban areas of the major cities of Vietnam from the point of view of landscaping are insufficiently equipped. The quality of life of workers in these territories has significant drawbacks, which determines the limitations inherent in human capital. The issue identifies the types of landscaping of urban areas in major cities of Vietnam, and evaluates the effectiveness of a number of projects implemented under various types of landscaping.

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