scholarly journals ALWAES

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Dongzhe Jiang ◽  
Yi Ding ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Yunhuai Liu ◽  
Tian He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Delivery Time ◽  
Online Delivery ◽  
Location Errors ◽  
Delivery Platform ◽  
Measurement Strategies ◽  
Delivery Scheduling

For an online delivery platform, accurate physical locations of merchants are essential for delivery scheduling. It is challenging to maintain tens of thousands of merchant locations accurately because of potential errors introduced by merchants for profits (e.g., potential fraud). In practice, a platform periodically sends a dedicated crew to survey limited locations due to high workforce costs, leaving many potential location errors. In this paper, we design and implement ALWAES, a system that automatically identifies and corrects location errors based on fundamental tradeoffs of five measurement strategies from manual, physical, and virtual data collection infrastructures for online delivery platforms. ALWAES explores delivery data already collected by platform infrastructures to measure the travel time of couriers between merchants and verify all merchants' locations by cross-validation automatically. We explore tradeoffs between performance and cost of different measurement approaches. By comparing with the manually-collected ground truth, the experimental results show that ALWAES outperforms three other baselines by 32.2%, 41.8%, and 47.2%, respectively. More importantly, ALWAES saves 3,846 hours of the delivery time of 35,005 orders in a month and finds new erroneous locations that initially were not in the ground truth but are verified by our field study later, accounting for 3% of all merchants with erroneous locations.

The Understanding of Wasl Al-Fiqh Bi Al-Hadith at Traditional Dayah Aceh

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-120
Author(s):  
Lazuardi muhammad Latif ◽  
Faisal Bin Ahmad Shah
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
Malay Archipelago ◽  
Friday Prayer ◽  
Qualitative Data Collection

Wasl al-Fiqh bi al-Hadith integrates jurisprudence and hadith so that it enables fiqh experts to rely on hadith in formulating their rulings while hadith experts can derive a more accurate interpretation. Among others, this concept is applied at Aceh traditional dayah as the oldest Islamic educational institution in the Malay Archipelago which Acehness put their respect as the reference in Islamic rulings and teaching. This field study took place at Dayah Mudi Mesra, Samalanga, Aceh, due to its long-established reputation and great influence among Acehnese. The study aims to shed some light on the concept of wasl al-Fiqh bi al-Hadith according to some Islamic scholars, analyze the concept as perceived by the traditional Dayah of Aceh, and portray the polemic on Friday prayer ritual as prescribed by the traditional Dayah. The study employs qualitative data collection instruments consisting of library data, interviews, observations, and documentation. Inductive, deductive, and comparative methods were used for data analysis. The study found that implementation of this concept at the Dayah has been synonymous with the exclusive adoption of Shafi’i school as it heavily relies on several Shafi’i books or opinions of Shafi’i scholars as primary references.(Wasl al-Fiqh bi al-Hadith memadukan kajian fiqh dan hadis sehingga ahli fiqh dapat berpedoman kepada hadis dalam merumuskan aturan-aturan hukum sementara ahli hadis dapat mengetahui makna sebuah hadis dengan lebih akurat. Konsep ini salah satunya diterapkan di Dayah Tradisional Aceh, sebuah lembaga kajian Islam tertua di Kepulauan Melayu yang disegani dan menjadi rujukan dalam hal aturan serta ajaran Islam di masyarakat setempat. Kajian ini merupakan studi lapangan yang bertempat di Dayah Mudi Mesra Samalanga Aceh karena pengaruhnya yang sudah lama dan berakar kuat bagi masyarakat Aceh. Ia bertujuan mendalami konsep wasl al-fiqh bi al-hadith menurut para cendekiawan Muslim, mengkaji pemahaman akan konsep wasl al-fiqh bi al-hadith di kalangan Dayah tersebut dan memotret polemik soal pelaksanaan Salat Jumat di dalamnya. Kajian ini merupakan studi kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data secara pustaka, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sementara itu, analisis data dilakukan secara induktif, deduktif, dan komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi konsep tersebut sebenarnya tidak lebih dari adopsi eksklusif terhadap madzhab Syafi’i karena ketergantungan yang demikian kuat pada buku-buku madzhab Syafi’i serta pandangan ulama-ulama Syafi’iyyah sebagai referensi utama)

Perspektif Pendidikan Islam Terhadap Budaya Lipas Pada Masyarakat Mandar Majene

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Husnah Zainuddin Maawi ◽  
Hamzah Fathani
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Life Process ◽  
Data Collection Method ◽  
Moral Sanction

  Penelitian ini merupakan studi lapangan yang menjelaskan masalah pokok tentang budaya lipas pada masyarakat mandar majene ditinjau dari pendidikan islam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini Antara lain untuk mengetahui konsep lipas dalam masyarakat mandar majene, faktor dilakukannya lipas dan implikasi lipas dalam pendidikan islam. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode pengumpulan dara yang terdiri dari observasi dan wawancara. Peneliti terjun langsung ke lapangan dan mewawancarai langsung orang-orang yang dianggap paham dan dapat dipercaya dalam masalah lipas di daerah Majene. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah Budaya lipas masyarakat mandar majene ini muncul sebagai hukuman moral bagi anggota keluarga yang melanggar tradisi. Lipas pada masyarakat mandar majene dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti: sipaindongang (kawin lari), Battang Bule (hamil diluar nikah), siala tania sambona (menikah dengan bukan sederajatnya), siala to poppoang (kawin dengan orang yang punya penyakit poppo’), siala to tandissang rumbu apinna (menikah dengan orang yang tidak dikenal asal usulnya). Lipas merupakan sanksi moral yang diberikan kepada anggota keluarga yang melakukan perbuatan tercela atau perbuatan yang bertentangan dengan tradisi dan jika dilihat dari pemahaman pendidikan Islam sebenarnya islam tidak pernah melarang budaya positif dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Justru Islam dapat melestarikan budaya melalui proses kehidupan yang dilandasi dengan nilai-nilai ajaran Alquran dan al-Hadis.   This research is a field study that explains the main problem of cockroach culture in the Mandar Majene community in terms of Islamic education. The purpose of this study, among others, to determine the concept of cockroach in human society, the factors of knowing cockroaches and the interaction of cockroaches in Islamic education. The method used in this research is data collection method which consists of observation and interviews. Researchers went directly to the field and directly interviewed people who were considered to be knowledgeable and trustworthy in the problem of cockroaches in the Majene area. The results obtained in this study are the cockroach culture of the Majene mandar community appears as a moral punishment for family members who violate traditions. Lipas in the Mandar Majene community is influenced by several factors such as: sipaindongang (elopement), Battang Bule (pregnant out of wedlock), siala tania sambona (married to someone who is not equal), siala to poppoang (married with someone who has Poppo'), unlucky to tandissang rumbu apinna (married to a person whose origin is unknown). Lipas is a moral sanction given to family members who commit disgraceful acts or actions that are contrary to tradition and when viewed from the understanding of Islamic education, it has never prohibited positive culture in people's lives. Islam can occur through a life process that is based on the values ​​of the teachings of the Quran and al-Hadith.

scholarly journals Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Kota Makassar mengenai Pemberian Insentif kepada Ketua RT dan RW

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
St .Sukmawati. S ◽  
Roslina Alam
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Government Program ◽  
Data Collection Technique

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian insentif RT dan RW yang diukur pada sembilan indikator kinerja yang semuanya terkait dengan aplikasi program Pemkot Makassar. Tehnik pengumpulan data studi lapang ini terdiri dari observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Makassar tepatnya di Kecamatan Rappocini dengan 11 Kelurahan sebagai obyek penelitian yang akan dikaji. Pendekatan peneltian ini menggunakan analisis kualitatif dengan tipe deskriptif yang tujuannya untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai fenomena yang terjadi. Dampak yang diharapkan dari perwali Kota makassar No 3 tahun 2016 tentang pemberian insentif kepada RT dan RW sekota Makassar khususnya Kecamatan Rappocini adalah penerapan pelayanan yang mampu bersinergi secara positif antara masyarakat dengan aparatur pemerintah terkecil RT/RW dan pemberian insentif bagi RT/RW sesuai dengan kebijakan yang ada. Kata Kunci : Kebijakan Pemerintah, Pemberian Insentif, Ketua RT/RW Abstract The purpose of this study was to find out the effectiveness of RT and RW incentives as measured on nine performance indicators, all of which are related to the application of the Makassar Municipal Government program. This field study data collection technique consists of observation, interview and documentation. The methods of data collection in this study are interviews, and documentation. This research was conducted in makassar city precisely in Rappocini sub-district with 11 villages as the object of research to be studied. This research approach uses qualitative analysis with descriptive type whose purpose is to provide an overview of the phenomenon that occurs. The expected impact of makassar City Trust No. 3 of 2016 on providing incentives to RT and RW in Makassar, especially Rappocini Subdistrict, is the implementation of services that are able to synergize positively between the community with the smallest government apparatus RT / RW and provide incentives for RT / RW in accordance with existing policies. Keywords: Government Policy, Incentivizing, Chairman of RT/RW.

scholarly journals modelBuildR: an R package for model building and feature selection with erroneous classifications

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10849
Author(s):  
Maximilian Knoll ◽  
Jennifer Furkel ◽  
Juergen Debus ◽  
Amir Abdollahi
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
R Package ◽  
Methylation Array ◽  
Survival Difference ◽  
Error Probabilities

Background Model building is a crucial part of omics based biomedical research to transfer classifications and obtain insights into underlying mechanisms. Feature selection is often based on minimizing error between model predictions and given classification (maximizing accuracy). Human ratings/classifications, however, might be error prone, with discordance rates between experts of 5–15%. We therefore evaluate if a feature pre-filtering step might improve identification of features associated with true underlying groups. Methods Data was simulated for up to 100 samples and up to 10,000 features, 10% of which were associated with the ground truth comprising 2–10 normally distributed populations. Binary and semi-quantitative ratings with varying error probabilities were used as classification. For feature preselection standard cross-validation (V2) was compared to a novel heuristic (V1) applying univariate testing, multiplicity adjustment and cross-validation on switched dependent (classification) and independent (features) variables. Preselected features were used to train logistic regression/linear models (backward selection, AIC). Predictions were compared against the ground truth (ROC, multiclass-ROC). As use case, multiple feature selection/classification methods were benchmarked against the novel heuristic to identify prognostically different G-CIMP negative glioblastoma tumors from the TCGA-GBM 450 k methylation array data cohort, starting from a fuzzy umap based rough and erroneous separation. Results V1 yielded higher median AUC ranks for two true groups (ground truth), with smaller differences for true graduated differences (3–10 groups). Lower fractions of models were successfully fit with V1. Median AUCs for binary classification and two true groups were 0.91 (range: 0.54–1.00) for V1 (Benjamini-Hochberg) and 0.70 (0.28–1.00) for V2, 13% (n = 616) of V2 models showed AUCs < = 50% for 25 samples and 100 features. For larger numbers of features and samples, median AUCs were 0.75 (range 0.59–1.00) for V1 and 0.54 (range 0.32–0.75) for V2. In the TCGA-GBM data, modelBuildR allowed best prognostic separation of patients with highest median overall survival difference (7.51 months) followed a difference of 6.04 months for a random forest based method. Conclusions The proposed heuristic is beneficial for the retrieval of features associated with two true groups classified with errors. We provide the R package modelBuildR to simplify (comparative) evaluation/application of the proposed heuristic (http://github.com/mknoll/modelBuildR).

Improving the Efficiency of Image Interpretation Using Ground Truth Terrestrial Photographs

2019 ◽  
pp. 1098-1128
Author(s):  
Gennady Gienko ◽  
Michael Govorov
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Remotely Sensed Imagery ◽  
The Social

Researchers worldwide use remotely sensed imagery in their projects, in both the social and natural sciences. However, users often encounter difficulties working with satellite images and aerial photographs, as image interpretation requires specific experience and skills. The best way to acquire these skills is to go into the field, identify your location in an overhead image, observe the landscape, and find corresponding features in the overhead image. In many cases, personal observations could be substituted by using terrestrial photographs taken from the ground with conventional cameras. This chapter discusses the value of terrestrial photographs as a substitute for field observations, elaborates on issues of data collection, and presents results of experimental estimation of the effectiveness of the use of terrestrial ground truth photographs for interpretation of remotely sensed imagery. The chapter introduces the concept of GeoTruth – a web-based collaborative framework for collection, storing and distribution of ground truth terrestrial photographs and corresponding metadata.

scholarly journals Learning from Weak-Label Data: A Deep Forest Expedition

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 6251-6258
Author(s):  
Qian-Wei Wang ◽  
Liang Yang ◽  
Yu-Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Frequency Estimation ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Label Data ◽  
Information Layer ◽  
Deep Forest ◽  
Class Labels ◽  
Number Of Classes

Weak-label learning deals with the problem where each training example is associated with multiple ground-truth labels simultaneously but only partially provided. This circumstance is frequently encountered when the number of classes is very large or when there exists a large ambiguity between class labels, and significantly influences the performance of multi-label learning. In this paper, we propose LCForest, which is the first tree ensemble based deep learning method for weak-label learning. Rather than formulating the problem as a regularized framework, we employ the recently proposed cascade forest structure, which processes information layer-by-layer, and endow it with the ability of exploiting from weak-label data by a concise and highly efficient label complement structure. Specifically, in each layer, the label vector of each instance from testing-fold is modified with the predictions of random forests trained with the corresponding training-fold. Since the ground-truth label matrix is inaccessible, we can not estimate the performance via cross-validation directly. In order to control the growth of cascade forest, we adopt label frequency estimation and the complement flag mechanism. Experiments show that the proposed LCForest method compares favorably against the existing state-of-the-art multi-label and weak-label learning methods.

scholarly journals Open-Source Data Collection and Data Sets for Activity Recognition in Smart Homes

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Köckemann ◽  
Marjan Alirezaie ◽  
Jennifer Renoux ◽  
Nicolas Tsiftes ◽  
Mobyen Uddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Activity Recognition ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Smart Homes ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Home Setting

As research in smart homes and activity recognition is increasing, it is of ever increasing importance to have benchmarks systems and data upon which researchers can compare methods. While synthetic data can be useful for certain method developments, real data sets that are open and shared are equally as important. This paper presents the E-care@home system, its installation in a real home setting, and a series of data sets that were collected using the E-care@home system. Our first contribution, the E-care@home system, is a collection of software modules for data collection, labeling, and various reasoning tasks such as activity recognition, person counting, and configuration planning. It supports a heterogeneous set of sensors that can be extended easily and connects collected sensor data to higher-level Artificial Intelligence (AI) reasoning modules. Our second contribution is a series of open data sets which can be used to recognize activities of daily living. In addition to these data sets, we describe the technical infrastructure that we have developed to collect the data and the physical environment. Each data set is annotated with ground-truth information, making it relevant for researchers interested in benchmarking different algorithms for activity recognition.

scholarly journals Analisis penerapan nilai-nilai Al Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan dalam perkuliahan

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Tri Saswandi ◽  
Ayu Permata Sari
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The One ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Factual Data

<p><em>This study aims to be Muhammadiyah assistance in evaluating to what extent the implementation of Al Islam Kemuhammadiyahan within the curriculum as a charity effort of Muhammadiyah Educational Institution, especially STKIP Muhammadiyah Sungai Penuh. This study is a field study because it was conducted in real and based on the factual data in the field. The type of this study is a descriptive-qualitative. Informants in this study are stakeholders, lecturers, and students of STKIP Muhammadiyah Sungai Penuh, who was registered in 2017/2018 academic year. Data collection was collected by using observation, interview, and documentation. Then, the data was analyzed through descriptive analysis by using the inductive method. By finding out to what extent the implementation of those values, the final goal of this study is as a starting point for the college, especially in reform their educational curriculum into the one which internalizes those values in all instructions of each study program.</em></p>

scholarly journals Job Satisfaction and Job Stress among Bank Employees in Rajshahi City: A Field Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. (Dr.) Manju Agrawal ◽  
Sabrina Shajeen Alam ◽  
Dilruba
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Rajshahi City

The study focuses on exploring the job satisfaction and job stress of bank employees. The sample of the study comprised of respondents selected purposively. Job Satisfaction Scale (Abdul Khaleque, 1995) and Occupation Stress Index (Md. Abdul Latif and Sabina Sultana) were used for data collection. Results revealed that two-third of the participants are satisfied with their jobs and almost one-third of the bank employees have low job stress. The result also revealed that there is no significant correlation between job stress and job satisfaction.

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