scholarly journals Are X-Ray Backscatter Scanners Safe for Airport Passenger Screening? For Most Individuals, Probably Yes, but a Billion Scans per Year Raises Long-Term Public Health Concerns

Radiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 259 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Passenger Screening

Fire and fear: Immediate and long-term health aspects

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mitchem ◽  
Henrietta Harrison ◽  
Alex G. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Incident Response ◽  
Smoke Plume ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Perceived Involvement ◽  
Significant Health

Fires can cause significant health concerns within local communities impacted by any associated smoke plume. This chapter discusses the potential public health concerns associated with fires, in particular fires at waste-processing installations. Using an example scenario, actions to be undertaken throughout the incident response, from initial acute phase to recovery, are considered, along with health concerns and fears, real or perceived, involvement of asbestos-contaminant material, multi-agency communication mechanisms, and potential issues associated with long-running fires. The multi-agency mechanisms for response are detailed, including the various coordinating groups (strategic, tactical, recovery coordinating groups (SCG, TCG, RCG, respectively), and expert cells (scientific and technical advisor cell, air quality cell (AQC)). Key points to note in the incident response include concerns raised by the local population, typical health effects associated with exposure to a smoke plume, and tools that support the response to the incident and the public health risk assessment.

PSVIII-7 Genetic parameters for health traits in dairy calves

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 240-240
Author(s):  
Colin Lynch ◽  
Hinayah Oliviera ◽  
Nienke van Staaveren ◽  
Filippo Miglior ◽  
Flavio S Schenkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Calf Health ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Genetic Evaluations ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters

Abstract Recent issues in the dairy industry related to both animal and public health concerns are leading farmers away from the use of drugs, while placing more focus on animal health and welfare. Public demands are also shifting towards ensuring socially acceptable production practices in terms of good animal health and welfare. Such challenges are moving the focus in dairying from solely financial to a broader set of themes that, once addressed, will enhance the sustainability of dairying and provide a long-term competitive advantage for the Canadian industry. Furthermore, from a production standpoint, calf diseases, such as, diarrhea and respiratory disease (RD) have been associated with decreased first lactation production and growth rate, therefore decreasing an animal’s potential lifetime profitability. As part of a larger project aiming to add calf health traits to genetic evaluations in Canadian dairy cattle, this study provides the groundwork through the estimation of genetic parameters of two calf health traits, diarrhea and RD. Data were provided by Lactanet Canada, and included 20,594 calf records for diarrhea from 741 herds, and 48,927 calf records for RD from 1,412 herds, recorded between 2004 and 2021 across Canada. Total herd records ranged between 1 and 3,860 for RD with an average of 37 records per herd, while for diarrhea records ranged between 1 and 3,724 with an average of 28 records per herd. The results of this study will be used to optimally fit both diarrhea resistance and RD resistance into a novel resiliency index for use in national genetic evaluations in Canada.

scholarly journals Acute Cervical Spine Injuries: Diagnosis and Management

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (148) ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Cervical Spine Injuries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Spine Stabilization ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Spine Injuries

Acute cervical spine injuries (CSI) are devastating types of injuries occurring largely in the economicallyproductive population. CSI have been of major public health problems because of consumption of largeamount of both personal and public resources in addition to giving rise to long-term disability for thepatient. Over the years an effort has been made to develop ways to evaluate the cervical spine in the settingof trauma using reasonably fast and accurate methods. Similarly, refinement in the management of thesepatients has significantly improved the outcome. In this article an attempt has been made to review thepertinent literature and extract the information tailored to us regarding the diagnosis and management ofcervical spine injuries, which can be used effectively in areas where even only x-ray facility is available.Key Words: Trauma, spinal cord, cervical spine, stabilization.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Human Paragonimiasis among the Karen People in Tak Province, Thailand: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Teera Kusolsuk ◽  
Orawan Phuphisut ◽  
Wanna Maipanich ◽  
Somchit Pubampen ◽  
Surapol Sa-nguankiat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mobile Clinic ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Public ◽  
Karen People ◽  
Tak Province ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Village

During the mobile clinic activities in Tak Province, Thailand, <i>Paragonimus</i> sp. eggs were found in a fecal sample of a 72-year-old Karen resident. <i>Paragonimus</i> DNA was amplified from the stool sample and identified to <i>P. heterotremus</i>. The patient did not have any symptoms. Apparent pulmonary lesion was not found on the chest X-ray. The patient admitted habitual consumption of semi-cooked or roasted waterfall crabs for several years. The waterfall crabs collected from stream near the village were found negative for <i>Paragonimus</i> metacercariae. In northern Thailand, paragonimiasis remains as one of the public health concerns and should be ruled out for asymptomatic pulmonary patients.

Preparation And elemental analysis of ancient fibers

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 410-411
Author(s):  
Allen Angel ◽  
Kathryn A. Jakes
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Electron Imaging

Fabrics recovered from archaeological sites often are so badly degraded that fiber identification based on physical morphology is difficult. Although diagenetic changes may be viewed as destructive to factors necessary for the discernment of fiber information, changes occurring during any stage of a fiber's lifetime leave a record within the fiber's chemical and physical structure. These alterations may offer valuable clues to understanding the conditions of the fiber's growth, fiber preparation and fabric processing technology and conditions of burial or long term storage (1).Energy dispersive spectrometry has been reported to be suitable for determination of mordant treatment on historic fibers (2,3) and has been used to characterize metal wrapping of combination yarns (4,5). In this study, a technique is developed which provides fractured cross sections of fibers for x-ray analysis and elemental mapping. In addition, backscattered electron imaging (BSI) and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDS) are utilized to correlate elements to their distribution in fibers.

Long-term variations in individual particle types in the aerosol of Phoenix, Arizona, as determined using automated electron microprobe analysis and multivariate statistical techniques

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
Karen A. Katrinak ◽  
James R. Anderson ◽  
Peter R. Buseck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Coarse Fraction ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Methods ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Anthropogenic Air Pollutants

Aerosol samples were collected in Phoenix, Arizona on eleven dates between July 1989 and April 1990. Elemental compositions were determined for approximately 1000 particles per sample using an electron microprobe with an energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometer. Fine-fraction samples (particle cut size of 1 to 2 μm) were analyzed for each date; coarse-fraction samples were also analyzed for four of the dates.The data were reduced using multivariate statistical methods. Cluster analysis was first used to define 35 particle types. 81% of all fine-fraction particles and 84% of the coarse-fraction particles were assigned to these types, which include mineral, metal-rich, sulfur-rich, and salt categories. "Zero-count" particles, consisting entirely of elements lighter than Na, constitute an additional category and dominate the fine fraction, reflecting the importance of anthropogenic air pollutants such as those emitted by motor vehicles. Si- and Ca-rich mineral particles dominate the coarse fraction and are also numerous in the fine fraction.

Feature extraction and prediction of Dengue Outbreaks

2020 ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Kunal Parikh ◽  
Tanvi Makadia ◽  
Harshil Patel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
The World ◽  
Dengue Outbreaks

Dengue is unquestionably one of the biggest health concerns in India and for many other developing countries. Unfortunately, many people have lost their lives because of it. Every year, approximately 390 million dengue infections occur around the world among which 500,000 people are seriously infected and 25,000 people have died annually. Many factors could cause dengue such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, inadequate public health, and many others. In this paper, we are proposing a method to perform predictive analytics on dengue’s dataset using KNN: a machine-learning algorithm. This analysis would help in the prediction of future cases and we could save the lives of many.

Study of Natural Minerals of U-Ryrochlore-Type Structure as Analogues of Plutonium Ceramic Waste-form

2002 ◽  
Vol 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman V. Bogdanov ◽  
Yuri F. Batrakov ◽  
Elena V. Puchkova ◽  
Andrey S. Sergeev ◽  
Boris E. Burakov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Pyrochlore Structure ◽  
Type Structure ◽  
Waste Form ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ceramic Waste ◽  
Natural Minerals ◽  
The Us ◽  
Pyrochlore Type

ABSTRACTAt present, crystalline ceramic based on titanate pyrochlore, (Ca,Gd,Hf,Pu,U)2Ti2O7, is considered as the US candidate waste form for the immobilization of weapons grade plutonium. Naturally occuring U-bearing minerals with pyrochlore-type structure: hatchettolite, betafite, and ellsworthite, were studied in orders to understand long-term radiation damage effects in Pu ceramic waste forms. Chemical shifts (δ) of U(Lδ1)– and U(Lβ1) – X-ray emission lines were measured by X-ray spectrometry. Calculations were performed on the basis of a two-dimensional δLá1- and δLδ1- correlation diagram. It was shown that 100% of uranium in hatchettolite and, probably, 95-100% of uranium in betafite are in the form of (UO2)2+. formal calculation shows that in ellsworthite only 20% of uranium is in the form of U4+ and 80% of the rest is in the forms of U5+ and U6+. The conversion of the initial U4+ ion originally occurring in the pyrochlore structure of natural minerals to (UO2)2+ due to metamict decay causes a significant increase in uranium mobility.

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