scholarly journals Forcing a change: a learn-by-doing workshop on circadian rhythms to understand the complexities of human physiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444
Author(s):  
Clara Azpeleta ◽  
Pablo Santos ◽  
Antonio Sobrado ◽  
Marta Lesmes ◽  
Beatriz Gal
Keyword(s):  
Human Physiology ◽  
Circadian System ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Conference Presentations ◽  
Learn By Doing ◽  
Integrative Science

Physiology is an integrative science that requires an understanding of the organism as a whole to acquire a deep comprehension of its functions and avoid misconceptions that may impair further learning. Thus it is necessary to develop resources that promote the integrative vision that Physiology requires. Chronobiology is a challenging discipline and one of the least addressed concepts in Physiology curricula. The activity here presented proposes a workshop with a theoretical-practical perspective in the context of the Neuroscience Conferences held annually at our university. All conference presentations are neuroscience-related topics, in combination with practical activities, some of them analyzing variables of the students themselves. We chose to assess this informal teaching scenario to involve the students with a scientific perspective while learning and hoping to increase their appreciation for different topics related to neuroscience. Specifically for this activity on chronobiology, the evaluation was carried out via a survey study including quantitative and qualitative questions and semistructured personal interviews. In general, the results reveal a very positive opinion from students regarding aspects such as the teaching methodology, the organization before and during the activity or the added value of the experience for their future professional performance. Some of the students stated they were more aware of the importance of their circadian system and even changed some of their personal daily routines after the activity. Such positive feedback encourages us to continue working in this theoretical-practical format in the future, as it contributes to improving students’ perception of their own learning.

Analysis of the Most Valued Organization to Work for in Spain, According to Nationality and Location

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Francisco Jesús Ferreiro Seoane ◽  
Manuel Octavio Del Campo Villares
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Pearson Correlations ◽  
Selection Of

Background: The objective of this article is to analyse if there are significant relationships between the most valuable companies operating in Spain regarding professional performance, according to nationality and location within their Autonomous Communities or any superior aggrupation. To do that, a sample of 100 companies has been selected. Methods: The methodology followed is based on the selection of the 100 highestvalued companies from the point of view of Human Resources’ policy for the period 2013-2016 and through the measurement of six factors: Talent Management, Retribution, Work environment, CSR, Training and Employees’ perception, and classified by nationality and location. The study was based on 12 hypotheses, using the Unifactorial Variance’s Analysis, Pearson correlations and regressions. One limitation could be the fact that this study refers to a particular period, focusing on Spain and the variables mentioned, based on questionnaires. The added value of this work lies on the newness as it has a quantitative character, and on the fact that most of the hypotheses do not comply. Results and Conclusion: This allows to deny certain beliefs that affirm that European and American companies operating in Spain are more attractive than the Spanish or the Mediterranean ones.

scholarly journals Meal and Sleep Timing before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Anonymous Survey Study from Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
Christian Benedict ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Mateus Brandão ◽  
Ilona Merikanto ◽  
Markku Partinen ◽  
Bjørn Bjorvatn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Social Jetlag ◽  
Meal Timing ◽  
At Home

The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions, such as stay-at-home-orders, have significantly altered daily routines and lifestyles. Given their importance for metabolic health, we herein compared sleep and meal timing parameters during vs. before the COVID-19 pandemic based on subjective recall, in an anonymous Swedish survey. Among 191 adults (mean age: 47 years; 77.5% females), we show that social jetlag, i.e., the mismatch in sleep midpoint between work and free days, was reduced by about 17 min during the pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic state (p < 0.001). Concomitantly, respondents’ sleep midpoint was shifted toward morning hours during workdays (p < 0.001). A later daily eating midpoint accompanied the shift in sleep timing (p = 0.001). This effect was mainly driven by a later scheduled first meal (p < 0.001). No difference in the timing of the day’s last meal was found (p = 0.814). Although our survey was limited in terms of sample size and by being cross-sectional, our results suggest that the delay in sleep timing due to the COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by a corresponding shift in the timing of early but not late meals.

scholarly journals Training hydrologists to be ecohydrologists: a "how-you-can-do-it" example leveraging an active learning environment for studying plant-water interaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 9337-9360
Author(s):  
S. W. Lyon ◽  
M. T. Walter ◽  
E. J. Jantze ◽  
J. A. Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Master's Students ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Learn By Doing

Abstract. Structuring an education strategy capable of addressing the various spheres of ecohydrology is difficult due to the inter-disciplinary and cross-disciplinary nature of this emergent field. Clearly, there is a need for such strategies to accommodate more progressive educational concepts while highlighting a skills-based education. To demonstrate a possible way to develop courses that include such concepts, we offer a case-study or a "how-you-can-do-it" example from an ecohydrology course recently co-taught by teachers from Stockholm University and Cornell University at the Navarino Environmental Observatory (NEO) in Costa Navarino, Greece. This course focused on introducing hydrology Master's students to some of the central concepts of ecohydrology while at the same time supplying process-based understanding relevant for characterizing evapotranspiration. As such, the main goal of the course was to explore central theories in ecohydrology and their connection to plant-water interactions and the water cycle in a semiarid environment. In addition to presenting this roadmap for ecohydrology course development, we explore the utility and effectiveness of adopting active teaching and learning strategies drawing from the suite of learn-by-doing, hands-on, and inquiry-based techniques in such a course. We test a gradient of "activeness" across a sequence of three teaching and learning activities. Our results indicate that there was a clear advantage for utilizing active learning techniques in place of traditional lecture-based styles. In addition, there was a preference among the student towards the more "active" techniques. This demonstrates the added value of incorporating even the simplest active learning approaches in our ecohydrology (or general) teaching.

Context, Gender and Intended Use of Mobile Messaging, Entertainment and Social Media Services

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sell ◽  
Mark de Reuver ◽  
Pirkko Walden ◽  
Christer Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
General Context ◽  
Media Services ◽  
Context Of Use ◽  
Intended Use

The added value of mobile services is decided by the context in which they are used. In this paper, the authors study how the context-of-use influences the intention to adopt mobile messaging, entertainment and social media services. While doing so, the authors compare the intended use between males and females. The results are based on a large scale survey study among Finnish consumers. According to the findings, the context-of-use matters for mobile entertainment and messaging services, but not for social media services. Fit with social context is only important for social media services, whilst work-related context matters only for messaging services. In general, context-of-use is more decisive for men than women. However, while ubiquitous context-of-use is much more important for males, social and work context are relevant only for females. The results have important implications for service providers on how to develop and implement specific context-aware mobile services.

scholarly journals The impact of graduate training on teachers and schools – two case studies: graduate teachers’ perceptions

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (94) ◽  
pp. 238-256
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Faria ◽  
◽  
Pedro Guilherme Rocha dos Reis ◽  
Maria Helena Peralta ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
School Leaders ◽  
Graduate Training ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The main goal of this study is to research the impact of enrolment in Graduate Programmes (GPs) on a set of Basic Education2 and High School3 teachers in Portugal. We seek to understand whether teachers consider this training as an added value, and the extent to which this is reflected in the improvement of their professional performance, in the schools, and in their students’ learning. Preliminary research results show, among other aspects, that the reasons why teachers enrol in GPs are associated mainly with personal fulfilment issues. Moreover, despite the fact that both teachers and school leaders recognize the importance of GPs, they acknowledge that there are still few effects.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Analysis of COVID-19 Lockdown Stringency on Sleep and Resting Heart Rate Measures Across 20 Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Lynn Ong ◽  
TeYang Lau ◽  
Mari Karsikas ◽  
Hannu Kinnunen ◽  
Michael W.L. Chee
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Human Physiology ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Subjective Reports

Abstract Lockdowns imposed to stem the spread of COVID-19 massively disrupted the daily routines of many worldwide, but studies to date are mostly confined to observations within a limited number of countries, based on subjective reports and survey from specific time periods during the pandemic. We investigated associations between lockdown stringency and objective sleep and resting-heart rate measures in 113,000 users of a consumer sleep tracker across 20 countries from Jan-Jul 2020. With stricter lockdown measures, midsleep times were universally delayed, particularly on weekdays, while midsleep variability and resting heart rate declined. These shifts (midsleep: +0.09 to +0.58 hours; midsleep variability: –0.12 to –0.26 hours; resting heart rate: –0.35 to –2.08 bpm) correlated with the severity of lockdown across different countries and highlight the graded influence of mobility restriction and social isolation on human physiology.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Analysis of COVID-19 Lockdown Stringency on Sleep and Resting Heart Rate Measures across 20 Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Lynn Ong ◽  
TeYang Lau ◽  
Mari Karsikas ◽  
Hannu Kinnunen ◽  
Michael W.L. Chee
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Human Physiology ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Subjective Reports

Lockdowns imposed to stem the spread of COVID-19 massively disrupted the daily routines of many worldwide, but studies to date are mostly confined to observations within a limited number of countries, based on subjective reports and survey from specific time periods during the pandemic. We investigated associations between lockdown stringency and objective sleep and resting-heart rate measures in 113,000 users of a consumer sleep tracker across 20 countries from Jan-Jul 2020. With stricter lockdown measures, midsleep times were universally delayed, particularly on weekdays, while midsleep variability and resting heart rate declined. These shifts (midsleep: +0.09 to +0.58 hours; midsleep variability: -0.12 to -0.26 hours; resting heart rate: -0.35 to -2.08 bpm) correlated with the severity of lockdown across different countries and highlight the graded influence of mobility restriction and social isolation on human physiology.

Role play, a teaching strategy for psychiatry – students’ comparative perspective versus traditional teaching

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Tabassum Alvi ◽  
Nusrat Zareen ◽  
Saira Farhan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Conventional Teaching ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Teaching process is undergoing innovations in medical education. Objective: The current survey study was designed to compare the effectiveness of conventional teaching methodology against role play method, as perceived by medical students. Methods: A questionnaire based survey research was conducted on the final year medical students at Majmah University, KSA in two settings during psychiatry module. First setting was when suicide was being taught and secondly when violence was being covered. At both settings the students were divided in two batches respectively, study and control using simple random technique. The control group was taught with a conventional methodology and the study group taught via role play method primarily. A questionnaire pertaining to students’ level of satisfaction regarding different aspects of learning process was given to the participants at the end of each teaching session. The response of the control and study groups in both settings was analyzed statistically applying chi square test. A p value of 0.05 or less was taken as significant. Results: In both settings the students of the control group significantly rated conventional teaching more interactive as compared to the role play. Also doubts clarification was more in the control group in the setting of suicide theme. Rest of the results, did not show any significant difference between the two modalities. Conclusion: It is concluded that although change in curricula is the need of the time, still students’ feedback is essential. If conventional teaching is adopted with a student centered approach, it can be equally Continuous....

scholarly journals Interfacing virtual and face-to-face teaching methods in an undergraduate human physiology course for health professions students

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela L. Mahaffey
Keyword(s):  
Human Physiology ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
National Council ◽  
Science Majors ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Virtual Laboratories ◽  
Tactile Learning

Human physiology is a core physical sciences course for health professions students, such as nurses and exercise science majors. The concepts of human physiology lay the foundation for health professions courses, such as pathophysiology. The National Council Licensing Exam for registered nurses (a timed nursing licensure exam) and the American College of Sports Medicine timed licensure exams for exercise sciences students have a framework consisting of human physiology concepts and are computer adaptive testing (CAT) assessments. This provides a case for electronic testing (in the undergraduate class setting) as a preparatory measure for CAT licensing exams. Case studies have illustrated a high information retention rate, with students completing online homework vs. paper, as well. Additionally, in recent years, virtual laboratories for non-physical science majors have been described as safer and effective for the purposes of educating students in laboratory techniques and experimental measures. Lastly, a successful learning approach utilized by museums has been found to be effective in younger students as well: “touch learning” (tactile learning). It also is important to note that student discussions and the face-to-face teaching dynamic play a critical role in the undergraduate education process. As such, the teaching methodology discussed here combines e-learning, virtual laboratories, tactile learning, and face-to-face didactic instruction of human physiology in developing a course to engage undergraduate health professions students, increase retention of human physiology course materials, and simultaneously prepare students for the CAT assessments that are licensing exams.

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