Lactic dehydrogenase activities of heart and skeletal muscle of exercised rats

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Gollnick ◽  
George R. Hearn
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Heart Ventricles

Adult male albino rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain, with an approximate initial body weight of 340 g were exercised for 5 weeks on a training program consisting of swimming for one-half hour daily in water at 37 C. Pair-fed, nonexercised animals served as controls. All exercised animals gained less body weight than did their controls. The adrenals and heart ventricles of the exercised animals were enlarged, whereas the kidneys and gastrocnemii were smaller. Unit and total protein of the heart ventricles were greater for the exercised animals. Lactic dehydrogenase activities were determined in the heart ventricles and gastrocnemii. The activities were expressed in terms of unit, actual total, and relative total values. After exercise, the activities of the heart ventricles were increased, whereas those of the skeletal muscle were unchanged.

Succinic Dehydrogenase Activity of the Heart and Skeletal Muscle of Exercised Rats

1956 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Hearn ◽  
W. W. Wainio
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Succinic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Heart Ventricle ◽  
Succinic Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Heart Ventricles ◽  
Wistar Institute

Male albino rats of the Wistar Institute strain with an average beginning weight of 250 gm were exercised from 5–8 weeks on a training regimen consisting of swimming for 1/2 hour daily. Pair-fed, nonswimming animals served as controls. All exercised animals gained less body weight than did their controls. The adrenals and heart ventricles of the exercised animals hypertrophied significantly ( P < 0.01), while the skeletal muscles (gastrocnemii) did not. Succinic dehydrogenase activities (reduction of ferricytochrome c) were determined in the heart ventricles and the gastrocnemii. The results were expressed in terms of unit activities, actual total activities and relative total activities. The exercise, whether for 5, 6, 7 or 8 weeks, did not significantly alter the unit and actual total activities of either tissue, or the relative total activities of skeletal muscles, but did significantly increase the relative total activities of the heart ventricle ( P < 0.02).

Effect of low-potassium diet on rat exercise hyperthermia and heatstroke mortality

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Hubbard ◽  
M. Mager ◽  
W. D. Bowers ◽  
I. Leav ◽  
G. Angoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Heat Illness ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Heat Gain ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Low Potassium ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Low K

A total of 182 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250–300 g were fed either a control (n = 122) diet for 32 days. The diets contained either 125 or 8 meq potassium/kg, respectively. Rats fed the low-K diet gained weight at only one-third the rate of controls (1.7 vs. 5.2 g/day), and their skeletal muscle and plasma potassium levels were reduced by 28 and 47%, respectively. When run to exhaustion at either 15 or 20 degrees C, low K+-fed rats accomplished less than one-half of the work done by the controls (26 vs. 53 kg. m) but exhibited a markedly greater rate of heat gain per kilogram-meter of work than controls (0.12 vs. 0.05 degrees C)ambient temperature of 20 degrees C, the rats of the low-K+ group despite large differences in body weight (-25%), run time temperature and twice (33 vs 17%) the mortality rate of the controls. Postexercise increases in circulating potassium (less than 90%) of heat-injured rats raised the plasma levels of low K+-fed rats to normal (5.9 +/- 2.2 meq/l). These results appear to characterize the existence of an insidious and, therefore, undocumented form of fatal exertion-induced heat illness.

Spaceflight on STS-48 and earth-based unweighting produce similar effects on skeletal muscle of young rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 2161-2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Tischler ◽  
E. J. Henriksen ◽  
K. A. Munoz ◽  
C. S. Stump ◽  
C. R. Woodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Extensor Digitorum Longus ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Extensor Digitorum ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

Our knowledge of the effects of unweighting on skeletal muscle of juvenile rapidly growing rats has been obtained entirely by using hindlimb-suspension models. No spaceflight data on juvenile animals are available to validate these models of simulated weightlessness. Therefore, eight 26-day-old female Sprague-Dawley albino rats were exposed to 5.4 days of weightlessness aboard the space shuttle Discovery (mission STS-48, September 1991). An asynchronous ground control experiment mimicked the flight cage condition, ambient shuttle temperatures, and mission duration for a second group of rats. A third group of animals underwent hindlimb suspension for 5.4 days at ambient temperatures. Although all groups consumed food at a similar rate, flight animals gained a greater percentage of body mass per day (P < 0.05). Mass and protein data showed weight-bearing hindlimb muscles were most affected, with atrophy of the soleus and reduced growth of the plantaris and gastrocnemius in both the flight and suspended animals. In contrast, the non-weight-bearing extensor digitorum longus and tibialis anterior muscles grew normally. Earlier suspension studies showed that the soleus develops an increased sensitivity to insulin during unweighting atrophy, particularly for the uptake of 2-[1,2–3H]deoxyglucose. Therefore, this characteristic was studied in isolated muscles within 2 h after cessation of spaceflight or suspension. Insulin increased uptake 2.5- and 2.7-fold in soleus of flight and suspended animals, respectively, whereas it increased only 1.6-fold in control animals. In contrast, the effect of insulin was similar among the three groups for the extensor digitorum longus, which provides a control for potential systemic differences in the animals.

Regrowth of atrophied skeletal muscle in adult rats after ending immobilization

1978 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Wet Weight

The recovery time course of muscle atrophied by immobilization was followed after removal of hindlimb casts from adult female rats. Increases of only 9% in body weight, 4% in gastrocnemius weight, and 10% in soleus weight occurred in controls during the 78-day duration of the experiment. There were no increases in the amounts of total protein or of citrate synthase activities in gastrocnemius or soleus during the first 3 days after removal of hindlimb casts; thereafter, there were increases in these paramters. Citrate synthase activities per mg of gastrocnemius protein were significantly higher at the 16th and 50th day of recovery. No significant differences for citrate synthase activity per mg of soleus occurred during recovery. Until the 50th day of recovery, no significant differences for total protein in soleus and for total protein and wet weight of gastrocnemius were observed between control and recovery values. However, the wet weight of the soleus returned rapidly during recovery and was not significantly different from control during recovery.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of CD3, TNF-α, and VEGF Induced by Olanzapine on the Spleen of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sahar Youssef ◽  
Marwa Salah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group Ii

Olanzapine is an antipsychotic drug effective in the treatment of stress-associated psychiatric illnesses, but its effect on the spleen remains unclear. Vitamin C is essential for the optimum function of the immune system. We aim to investigate the effect of Olanzapine on spleen structures and to assess the protective effect of vitamin C. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: group (I), a control; group (II), rats were given vitamin C at 40 mg/kg body weight; group (III), rats were given Olanzapine at 2 mg/kg body weight; and group (IV), rats were given vitamin C and Olanzapine at the same dose of group (II) and group (III) for one month. The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) of the olanzapine treated group showed focal areas of cellular depletion and a decrease in the size of the white pulp. The red pulp was expanded and showed marked congestion and dilatation of blood sinusoids. Cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) was significantly reduced, however both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly higher. The administration of vitamin C repaired structural and immunohistochemical changes via increased CD3 and decreased TNF-α and VEGF. Therefore, the oxidative and the inflammatory pathways may be the possible mechanisms underlying olanzapine immunotoxicity. Vitamin C exerted immune modulator and antioxidant effects against olanzapine.

scholarly journals A Histological Study on the Effect of Dextrose Prolotherapy on Skeletal Muscle Injury in Adult Male Albino Rats.

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Shereen Saad ◽  
Eman Eldeen ◽  
Azza Soliman ◽  
Rania Salah El Din ◽  
George Barsoum Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Injury

scholarly journals Effects of Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) and Its Combination with Propranolol in Isoproterenol Induced Myocardial Damage in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Naz ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana ◽  
Mohammad Hayatun Nabi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Ischemic heart disease is the interruption of blood supply to the heart causes several biochemical alterations which may lead to cardiac dysfunction and ultimately cell death. Medicinal plants and plant based foods such as peanut (Arachishypogaea L.) have received great attention for their salutary effects and potential to treat many aspects of ischemic heart disease due to their antioxidant property.Objective: To observe the effects of peanut (Arachishypogaea L.) and its combination with propranolol in isoproterenol induced myocardial damage in rats.Method: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka in 2012. For this purpose, 20 Wistar albino rats, age 85 to 100 days, weighing 120 to 150g (initial body weight) were included in the peanut treated group.They were sub-divided into CT-P (Cardiotoxic group with isoproterenol after peanut treatment) and CT-C (Cardiotoxic group with isoproterenol after combined treatment of peanut and propranolol). Age and weight matched 30 Wistar albino rats without any peanut supplementation were taken and sub-divided into three sub-groups, BC (Baseline control), CT (Cardiotoxic group with isoproterenol) and CT-PRO (Cardiotoxic group with isoproterenol after propranolol treatment). Each sub-group consisted of 10 rats. After taking final body weight all the rats were sacrificed on 22nd day. Blood was collected from heart & supernatant serum was preserved in deep freeze until analysis. For assessment of myocardial damage, some cardiac biomarker enzymes, like serum CK-MB & LDH were estimated by using immunoassay method. The statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test as applicable.Result: In this study, percent change from initial body weight to final body weight was significantly (p<0.01) lower both in CT-P and CT-C as compared to that of BC. Again, the mean serum CK-MB and LDH levels were significantly (p<0.01) higher in CT, CT-PRO, CT-P & CT-C in comparison to that of BC. On the other hand, the serum CK-MB and LDH levels were lower in CT-PRO, CT-P and CT-C when compared to that of CT though the differences were statistically significant (p<0.01, p<0.05) in case of CT-PRO and CT-C but not significant in case of CTP. Again, the values were also significantly lower in CT-C (p<0.01,p<0.05) as compared to that of CTP.Conclusion: The present study revealed that peanut can lower serum CK-MB & LDH levels towards normal in isoproterenol induced myocardial damaged rats. However, the combined therapy of peanut with propranolol showed synergistic effect on lowering serum CK-MB & LDH levels.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2016, December; 11(2): 74-79

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective Effects of Chinese Medicine Herbs Decoction on Liver Cirrhosis in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Aziyah Mat-Rahim ◽  
Tong-Hye Lim ◽  
Nur-Asyura Nor-Amdan ◽  
Sazaly AbuBakar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Cirrhotic Liver ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Hepatoprotective and curative activities of aqueous extract of decoction containing 10 Chinese medicinal herbs (HPE-XA-08) were evaluated in Sprague–Dawley albino rats with liver damage induced by thioacetamide (TAA). These activities were assessed by investigating the liver enzymes level and also histopathology investigation. Increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were observed in rats with cirrhotic liver. No significant alterations of the liver enzymes were observed following treatment with HPE-XA-08. Histopathology examination of rats treated with HPE-XA-08 at 250 mg/kg body weight, however, exhibited moderate liver protective effects. Reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins within the hepatocytes were noted in comparison to the cirrhotic liver. The curative effects of HPE-XA-08 were observed with marked decrease in the level of ALP (more than 3x) and level of GGT (more than 2x) in cirrhotic rat treated with 600 mg/kg body weight HPE-XA-08 in comparison to cirrhotic rat treated with just water diluent. Reversion of cirrhotic liver to normal liver condition in rats treated with HPE-XA-08 was observed. Results from the present study suggest that HPE-XA-08 treatment assisted in the protection from liver cirrhosis and improved the recovery of cirrhotic liver.

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