Alveolar capillary temperature compared with aortic and bronchial wedge temperatures

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 760-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. T. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Capillary Temperature ◽  
Alveolar Capillary

Temperature for gas exchange in the alveolar capillaries was determined by the helium-argon method in nine dogs over a range of body temperatures from 37–42 C. The experiments were much more prolonged than those previously carried out in man. Results were compared with simultaneous measurements in the aortic arch, right ventricle, gastrointestinal tract, and bronchial tree. There was no significant difference between alveolar capillary temperatures and those in the right and left heart and bronchial wedge position, even when body temperature was changing. Deep rectal temperatures gave a reasonable estimate of alveolar temperature provided the body temperature was steady, but esophageal and gastric measurements were not reliable, the reading increasing as the stomach was approached. The results support the validity of the helium-argon method and indicate that accurate estimates of alveolar capillary temperature may be obtained by direct measurements in the central circulation or bronchial wedge position. Note: With the Technical Assistance of Judith Laurie alveolar gas exchange; intravascular temperatures; inert gases; solubility of gases; esophageal temperature; gastric temperature Submitted on December 16, 1963

scholarly journals PRE AND POSTPRANDIAL THERMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF GREEN IGUANAS (IGUANA IGUANA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Simona Rusu ◽  
Zdenek Knotek ◽  
Radu Lacatus ◽  
Ionel Papuc
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Green Iguanas ◽  
The Right ◽  
Head Temperature

Abstract The body temperature of 10 clinically healthy green iguanas (Iguana iguana) was measured using a thermographic camera (FLIR E6, Flir Systems Sweden) before and after the food was offered. For each animal there were performed a total of 6 measurements (3 before feeding and 3 after the food was offered). The purpose of this experiment was to observe the thermographic pattern of the body before and after the feeding, since herbivore reptiles tend to bask after the feeding to increase the body temperature that will help them afterwards digest the food. The animals were housed in individual vivariums with every animal having a basking spot available. The pictures were taken outside the vivarium in an adjacent room. The animals were handled with gloves and transported in a cardboard box in order to avoid heat transfer between the handler and the iguana that would have produced thermal artefacts. Each individual was placed on a table on a styrofoam slate, again, to avoid the heat transfer between the table and the animal`s body. For each animal a total of 4 pictures were taken (up, front, left and right). The pictures were analysed with the FLIR Tools program that is provided by the manufacturer and 3 temperatures were taken into consideration (the head temperature, body temperature on the right side and body temperature on the left side). The temperatures were compared between them and with the temperature of the vivariums that consisted of the average between the temperature in 3 different spots (basking spot, the feeding bowl site and the coldest spot) measured with an infrared thermometer GM300 (Benetech, China). The temperature of the body was dependent on the vivarium temperature and it was a significant temperature difference between the measurements before the feeding and after the feeding. Also we discovered a significant difference between the head temperature and the body temperature on the left side before the feeding that disappeared after the animals ate. There was also a significant difference between the temperature on right side and on left side of the animals both before and after the feeding. No significant temperature difference was observed between the head and the right side of the body neither before nor after the feeding.

scholarly journals Morphometry of human tricuspid valve: A cadaveric study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4487-4491
Author(s):  
Kirti Chaudhary ◽  
Amey Dhatrak ◽  
Brij Raj Singh ◽  
Ujwal Gajbe
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Pathology ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Unidirectional Flow ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Flaps ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cardiac Surgeons ◽  
Formalin Fixed

The cardiovascular system consists of a pump represented by the heart and blood vessels, which provide the route by which blood circulates to all parts of the body. William Harvey, in the 17th century, discovered that blood is pumped away from the heart, but it all returns to the heart after circulating in the body. A right ventricular function can be compromised by pressure or stress, often secondary to the right heart valve or muscle pathology. The valves maintain unidirectional flow and permit increased pressure to develop in the chambers. The tricuspid valve consists of three tissue flaps. It separates the right atria and the right ventricle. To measure morphometric measurements of an individual leaflet of the tricuspid valve of cadaveric human hearts. The material for the present study comprised of 50 formalin-fixed adult human hearts (35 males and 15 females) which were obtained from the Department of Anatomy from various medical colleges in Maharashtra. Statistical significant difference was found for the height of anterior and posterior leaflets between male and female hearts. The length of the septal leaflet was also found to be statistically significant between male and female hearts. The study will be helpful for cardiac surgeons in providing data for tricuspid valve complex, leaflets, cords and papillary muscles.

scholarly journals Comparison of Tympanic and Tail Temperatures in Angus and Brahman Steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dikmen S ◽  
Davila KMS ◽  
Rodriquez E ◽  
Scheffler TL ◽  
Oltenacu PA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tympanic Temperature ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brahman Steers ◽  
Core Body

In cattle, core body temperature can be used as an important indicator of heat stress level. However, accurately recording core body temperature can be difficult and labor intensive. The objectives of the current study were 1) to compare the recorded tympanic and tail body temperature measurements in steers and 2) to determine the body temperature change of Angus and Brahman steers in a hot and humid environment. Data was analyzed using a repeated measure model where repeated measures were hourly tympanic and tail temperatures and their difference for individual steers during the day of the experiment. There was a significant breed effect (P=0.01), hour (P<0.0001) and breed by hour interaction (P<0.0001) for the tympanic temperature. Brahman steers, which are known to have superior thermotolerance, maintained a lower body temperature than the Angus steers during the afternoon under grazing conditions. In the Brahman steers there was only a minimal increase in the body temperature throughout the day, an evidence of the thermotolerance ability of the breed. In the Angus steers, which experienced an increase in their body temperature from hour to hour with a peak around 1600 hour; there was a significant difference between the tympanic and tail temperature during the times when the body temperature as measured by the tympanic recordings was the highest (1300 to 1700 hour). Our results indicate that the tympanic temperature can be used to accurately and continuously monitor core body temperature in a natural environment for up to several days and without disturbing the animal.

scholarly journals 262 Heat stress alleviation and dynamic temperature measurement for growing beef cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 192-193
Author(s):  
Sheyenne M Augenstein ◽  
Meredith A Harrison ◽  
Sarah C Klopatek ◽  
James W Oltjen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Sprinkler Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Heat stress continues to be a challenge for feedlot producers, forcing physiological adaptations in beef cattle that can have a negative impact on gain and carcass quality. Feedlots may want to incorporate systems that aid in mitigating heat stress, including sprinkler systems, which are commonly found on dairies. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of sprinkler systems on the body temperature of growing feedlot steers applied at three different temperature thresholds. Thirty-two Angus-cross beef steers (298 ± 15 SD days of age) were randomly assigned to 8 pens. Treatments were assigned to pens according to location to avoid drainage issues, with one replicate located on the eastern side of the feedlot and the other replicate located on the western side. Treatments including no sprinklers (C), high temperature threshold sprinklers (HT), moderate temperature threshold sprinklers (MT) or low temperature threshold sprinklers (LT). Sprinklers (flow rate: 5.11 L/min) were activated at 33°C (HT), 28°C (MT), and 23°C (LT) for five minutes at corresponding temperatures every thirty minutes for 57 days. Rectal temperature of steers in their pens was measured in the morning (0800 h), afternoon (1500 h), and evening (1900 h) three days each week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) for a total of 19 experimental days. Weather measurements, including ambient temperature, windspeed, humidity and solar radiation were recorded at each measurement time along with the maximum values for each day. The change in body temperature (ΔBT) between the morning and afternoon was affected by ambient temperature (P &lt; 0.01); MT (P = 0.02) and LT (P = 0.02) – different than C. There was no significant difference between sprinkler treatments and the control group (P &gt; 0.05). Day affected (ΔBT) between the morning and afternoon (P &lt; 0.05) and the afternoon and evening (P &lt; 0.05). When averaged by day, the control group was significantly higher than MT (P = 0.04) between the morning and afternoon. The control group was also significantly higher than LT between the morning and afternoon (P = 0.03) and the afternoon and evening (P &lt; 0.01). The change in steer body temperature between afternoon and morning was affected by ambient temperature, and averaged across days, lowering the temperature threshold for sprinkling decreased in the afternoon and evening body temperature increase in steers.

Determination of alveolar capillary temperature

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. T. Edwards ◽  
T. Velasquez ◽  
L. E. Farhi
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood ◽  
Solubility Ratio ◽  
Capillary Temperature

Since the alveolar temperature influences the solubility of most inert gases in pulmonary capillary blood, knowledge of the solubility in arterial blood may be used to determine the equilibration temperature, i.e., alveolar temperature. Because the partial pressure of inert gas in arterial blood cannot be deduced from the alveolar pressure, direct determination of solubility is impractical. However, if a mixture of two inert gases is used, the ratio of partial pressures in the arterial blood is equal to that in the inspired gas and the ratio of gas contents will vary with the ratio of solubility. The blood solubility ratio He/A varies by 1.34% per degree centigrade. Using an O2-He-A inspired mixture, the following points were established in five resting subjects, fully clothed. 1) The pulmonary capillary temperature (Tpc) is linearly related to the rectal temperature (Tr), with a regression line equation: Tpc = 37.5 + 2.4 (Tr – 37.1). 2) When measurements were obtained on the same subject in different days, these measurements show that variations in Tpc are in the same direction as changes in Tr, but much more pronounced. Note: (With the Technical Assistance of M. Passke) Submitted on July 24, 1962

scholarly journals Right-sided lateralization of skin temperature in healthy young persons

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Havva Demirel ◽  
Arzu Bahar ◽  
Nurcan Gokgoz ◽  
Muzeyyen Arslan ◽  
Senol Dane
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Node Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of

Purpose: Previous studies reported a peripheral immune asymmetry and lateralization of different paired organ cancers. Because of the close relationship of immune system with body temperature, the aim of the study was to test the possible lateralization of skin temperature. Materials and Methods: Four hundred sixty three healthy subjects (325 women, 138 men) with an average age of 23.62 years (SD = 8.65) participated in this study. All skin temperature measurements were done 8:00-9:00 a.m. Skin temperature was assessed for three different points in skin: axillary, thumb and external auditory. Results: Skin temperature was statistically significantly higher on the right side of the body than on the left side, when measured by axillary and thumb temperatures. But there was no statistically significant difference in external auditory temperature. Conclusion: The asymmetry of skin temperature may result from the peripheral immune asymmetry or the asymmetric lymph node distribution.

scholarly journals Temperature of representative areas of the breast department of the vegetative nervous system as the index of human organism functional state

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
S. Goncharevskyi ◽  
M. Makarchuk ◽  
V. Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Almost all processes in the human body in one way or another connected with the autonomic nervous system. That's why it is real to evaluate the functional state of the person by temperature characteristics of representative points of the autonomic nervous system. Location and information of these points are confirmed by fundamental research. However, simply measuring the temperature at some points may not be sufficient to establish any systematic changes in the human body. The establishment of such changes requires systematic assessment of interdependent significant relationships between these parameters.The main aim of our research was to study effects of myocardial infarction in the thoracic region of the autonomic nervous system. The temperature of representative areas of the thoracic autonomic nervous system we measured by infrared thermometer (Medisana FTO D-53340 , with an accuracy of 0.1 degree Celsius). Statistical analysis was conducted in the packet Statistics 10. The presence of a difference in the temperature coefficients of representative areas (p<0,05). For the left side of the spine characterized by a difference in Th1–Th5 segments, which confirms their diagnosis: Th1 – 0,931,12 (control) and -0,797,49 (experiment), Th2 – 1,571,12 and -0,486,70, Th3 – 1,582611,12325 and -0,663,36, Th4 – 0,85913 0,92611 and -1,74,64, Th5 – 0,923480,75469 and-1,615,73 respectively. For the right side of the thoracic spines: Th6 – 0,850,73 (control) and -0,797,49 (experiment), Th7 – -1,000,79 and -1,370,69, Th8 – -0,960,73 and -0,990,68, Th9 – -0,120,64 and -0,380,83, Th10 – -0,921,14 and -1,031,00, Th11 – -1,691,05 and -1,861,06, Th12- -1,651,15 and -1,961,12 respectively. We found that myocardial infarction is manifested in the thoracic spine. In an experimental group there is significant difference of temperature in all segments. We can also notice asymmetry of temperatue between the right and left side of the spine. In the test group there are a deviation from the normal temperature in the first five thoracic segments on the left side, which confirms their diagnosis. On the right side of the spine there are a deviation in the last seven segments, which may indicate the compensatory mechanisms of regulation of the system. We can observe the temperature asymmetry, which in long-term exposure can negatively affect to the body.

scholarly journals Effects of adhesive systems at different temperatures on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Serdar Akarsu ◽  
Suleyman Kutalmış Buyuk ◽  
Ahmet Serkan Kucukekenci
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Temperatures

Background. The temperature might affect the physical and mechanical properties of adhesive materials by reducing the polymerization rate. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of temperature on the shear bond strength of metallic orthodontic brackets using various adhesive resin systems. Methods. Extracted human premolar teeth were randomly assigned to 8 groups (n=10) for bonding with the two available orthodontics adhesive systems (Transbond XT and NeoBond) at different temperatures: refrigeration temperature (4°C), room temperature (20°C), human body temperature (36°C) and high temperature (55°C). The shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was assigned to the fractured orthodontic brackets. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey tests and independent t-test. Results. Transbond XT exhibited higher SBS values compared to Neobond at all the tested temperatures; however, a statistically significant difference was not observed (P>0.05). The SBS results were minimum at 4°C and maximum at 36°C in both the adhesive groups (P<0.05). Conclusion. Pre-heating orthodontic adhesives up to the body temperature prior to bonding the brackets in orthodontic treatment increased the bond strength of orthodontic brackets.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of the First Febrile Seizures in Iranian Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mahyar ◽  
Parviz Ayazi ◽  
Mazdak Fallahi ◽  
Amir Javadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feeding Duration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Iranian Children

Objective. Febrile seizures are the most common type of convulsion in children. The identification of influencing factors on incidence of the first febrile seizures is of prime priority. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors of the first febrile seizures in Iranian children.Methods. In this case-control study 80 children aged 9 month to 5 years with their first febrile seizures were compared with 80 children with fever without seizure based on different risk factors in 2007.Results. There was significant difference between two groups regarding the gender, family history of febrile seizures, breast-feeding duration, and the body temperature (P<.05).Conclusion. Our study showed that factors including the gender, family history of febrile seizures, breast-feeding duration, and the body temperature are among the risk factors in occurrence of the first febrile seizure. Preventive measures to remove such risk factors could lead to lower the incidence of febrile seizures.

Evaluation of a screw insertion landmark for a minimally invasive repair technique in induced bilateral sacroiliac luxation in feline cadavers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110107
Author(s):  
Cheol-kyu Han ◽  
Jinsu Kang ◽  
Haebeom Lee ◽  
Namsoo Kim ◽  
Suyoung Heo
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
The Body ◽  
Insertion Point ◽  
Screw Insertion ◽  
Repair Technique ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
The Right

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe an alternative landmark for screw insertion into the body of the ilium with bilateral sacroiliac luxation in cats. Methods Seven cat cadavers with artificially induced bilateral sacroiliac luxation were used. The screw insertion point was determined using the caudal iliac crest and cranial acetabular rim. These two points make the first guideline; a second guideline ran perpendicular to the caudal iliac crest point. The screw insertion point was halfway along the second guideline across the ilium body. Surgery was performed in a minimally invasive manner using fluoroscopy. Results Postoperative radiographs and CT were performed. In the postoperative evaluation, the sacroiliac joint reduction percentage was almost 90% and there was no significant difference in pelvic canal diameter ratio before and after surgery. Screw depth/sacral width was >60% in all cadavers. On CT, the angle between the screw and sacrum wing was within the normal range of 96.24° to the left and 98.65° to the right, except in one case. Conclusions and relevance In previous studies, surgical repair was based on having an intact contralateral ilium. However, this method is not applicable to patients with bilateral sacroiliac luxation and is mostly performed using open reduction methods. The screw insertion point suggested in this study offers a potential alternative repair technique for patients with bilateral sacroiliac luxation.

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