scholarly journals 262 Heat stress alleviation and dynamic temperature measurement for growing beef cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 192-193
Author(s):  
Sheyenne M Augenstein ◽  
Meredith A Harrison ◽  
Sarah C Klopatek ◽  
James W Oltjen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Sprinkler Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Heat stress continues to be a challenge for feedlot producers, forcing physiological adaptations in beef cattle that can have a negative impact on gain and carcass quality. Feedlots may want to incorporate systems that aid in mitigating heat stress, including sprinkler systems, which are commonly found on dairies. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of sprinkler systems on the body temperature of growing feedlot steers applied at three different temperature thresholds. Thirty-two Angus-cross beef steers (298 ± 15 SD days of age) were randomly assigned to 8 pens. Treatments were assigned to pens according to location to avoid drainage issues, with one replicate located on the eastern side of the feedlot and the other replicate located on the western side. Treatments including no sprinklers (C), high temperature threshold sprinklers (HT), moderate temperature threshold sprinklers (MT) or low temperature threshold sprinklers (LT). Sprinklers (flow rate: 5.11 L/min) were activated at 33°C (HT), 28°C (MT), and 23°C (LT) for five minutes at corresponding temperatures every thirty minutes for 57 days. Rectal temperature of steers in their pens was measured in the morning (0800 h), afternoon (1500 h), and evening (1900 h) three days each week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) for a total of 19 experimental days. Weather measurements, including ambient temperature, windspeed, humidity and solar radiation were recorded at each measurement time along with the maximum values for each day. The change in body temperature (ΔBT) between the morning and afternoon was affected by ambient temperature (P < 0.01); MT (P = 0.02) and LT (P = 0.02) – different than C. There was no significant difference between sprinkler treatments and the control group (P > 0.05). Day affected (ΔBT) between the morning and afternoon (P < 0.05) and the afternoon and evening (P < 0.05). When averaged by day, the control group was significantly higher than MT (P = 0.04) between the morning and afternoon. The control group was also significantly higher than LT between the morning and afternoon (P = 0.03) and the afternoon and evening (P < 0.01). The change in steer body temperature between afternoon and morning was affected by ambient temperature, and averaged across days, lowering the temperature threshold for sprinkling decreased in the afternoon and evening body temperature increase in steers.

scholarly journals 172 Feed intake level and ambient temperature affect the body temperature of pigs exposed to heat stress.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (suppl_3) ◽  
pp. 295-296
Author(s):  
A Morales Trejo ◽  
D Antoine ◽  
A Valle-Fimbres ◽  
H Bernal Barragán ◽  
L Camacho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intake Level

scholarly journals Penggunaan Larutan Pepaya (Carica papaya) sebagai Larvasida Nyamuk Aedes aegypty

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Restu Prastiwi ◽  
Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum ◽  
Prehatin T. N
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>Aedes aegypti mosquito is a type of mosquito that can carry dengue virus that causes dengue fever. This mosquito has the potential to transmit dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF is a disease characterized by sudden fever, bleeding both on the skin and in other parts of the body and can cause shock and death. So in order to reduce the impact of the disease, there are several ways that must be taken. One way of controlling that is done to reduce the population of aedes aegypti mosquitoes is by reducing larval growth by using a solution of papaya leaves as larvacide. Papaya leaves contain tannins of 0.12%. So it is possible to kill larvae. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the average mortality of untreated instar 1 aedes aegypti larvae and treated with a solution of distilled papaya leaves, amounting to 0ml / 100ml (X0), 1ml / 100ml (X1), 2ml / 100ml (2) , 4ml / 100m (X3) with observations every 6 hours for 24 hours. This study is a true experimental study with the presentation of the data analyzed using the kruskal wallis test on spss. The results showed that there were differences between the control group and the treatment group (p &lt;0.05). The most significant difference occurred in the 4ml / 100ml (X3) group which had the highest mortality than the other groups. So the higher the concentration and the longer the duration of exposure, the higher the mortality rate in the larvae. </em></p>

scholarly journals A study of voice quality in obese Egyptian children

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Abdel Hamid ◽  
Hend Soliman ◽  
Rasha Abdelhalim
Keyword(s):  
Voice Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Voice Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Obesity is considered a health problem that affects many systems of the body among which the respiration and voice. The objective of the study was to analyze the impact of obesity in children on quality of their voice. Thirty obese children were included in this cross-sectional study and compared to 30 age- and sex-matched healthy children as a control group. Voice of cases and controls were assessed subjectively by auditory perceptual assessment and objectively by studying acoustic parameters using Computerized Speech Lab. Flexible laryngoscopy was done for cases with dysphonia. Results Dysphonia perceived in 60% of cases, voice analysis revealed increased jitter and noise to harmonic ratio with significant difference than controls. Conclusion The voice of children with morbid obesity reveals significant modifications pertaining to vocal characteristics in comparison to non-obese persons, so voice hygiene and voice therapy could be added to their therapy program as prophylactic or therapeutic management of voice disorder.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Penurunan Suhu Tubuh Tikus Wistar Jantan Dan Betina Yang Mati Akibat Diinduksi Metanol

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Abdul Hakim Nitiprodjo ◽  
Titik Kusumawinakhyu
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Someone who dies will experience a decrease in body temperature from body temperature at the beginning of death, both within normal and abnormal limits to room temperature. Decrease in body temperature according to sex may differ in duration. Coupled with exposure to methanol, it is also possible to influence a decrease in body temperature of the corpse. This study aimed to analyze the differences in body temperature reduction in male and female Wistar rats  induced with methanol.This research is an experimental study with a pre and post test control group design approach. The design of this study was to observe the body temperature of male and female Wistar rats while still alive and after death and the duration of decrease in body temperature of male and female Wistar mice after being induced with methanol. The population studied was male and female Wistar rat. Based on the results from analysis test, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference between the decrease in body temperature of male and female Wistar rats that died induced by methanol, but there is a significant difference between the decrease in body temperature of male and female Wistar rats who died induced by methanol and without methanol.

scholarly journals Examining the impact of musculus palmaris longus on serve speed and on certain motoric properties in tennis players

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
M. Soyal ◽  
M. Kaya ◽  
N.M. Çelik
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flexion Strength ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the impacts of existence or absence of musculus palmaris longus (MPL) on serve speed and certain motoric properties in the tennis players. Material: In the study, 25 male volunteers participated, who are playing tennis at university level and in whom the existence of musculus palmaris longus was checked. The ages of volunteers, who participate in tennis activities under licenses, vary between 18 and 25 and they have no disability or illness in the upper extremity. The experimental group (n=7) is comprised of individuals, who do not have musculus palmaris longus, while the control group (n=18) is comprised of individuals having musculus palmaris longus. Results: The age averages of the groups participating in the study was 21, 89±2, 246 years old for the group with musculus palmaris longus, while it was 22, 00±2, 517 years old for the participants without the musculus palmaris longus; as per their average height, it was 174, 94±5, 713 cm for the group with the musculus palmaris longus, while it was 174, 71±3, 546 cm for the participants without the musculus palmaris longus; the body weight average was 70, 83±5, 79 kg for the participants with musculus palmaris longus, while it was 72, 14±4, 059 kg for the participants without the musculus palmaris longus; sports-age average was 13, 00±1, 645 years for the ones with musculus palmaris longus, while it was 12, 29±1, 380 years for the participants without musculus palmaris longus. It was determined that there was statistically significant difference for the serve speed (p<0, 001) and the hand flexion strength (p<0, 05) parameters of the participants; however, there was statistically no significant difference (p>0, 05) in other parameters. Conclusions: As the conclusion, existence of musculus palmaris longus in tennis players positively influences the hand wrist flexion strength, however, it negatively influences the serve speed.

scholarly journals 74 President Oral Presentation Pick: Phenotypic plasticity of heat tolerance in beef cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 51-51
Author(s):  
Raluca G Mateescu ◽  
Kaitlyn M Sarlo Davila ◽  
Serdal Dikmen ◽  
Andrea Nunez ◽  
Eduardo Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Random Regression ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Gland Size ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Bos taurus indicus cattle have superior ability for regulation of body temperature during heat stress due to a number of physiological and cellular level adaptive traits. The objectives of this study were to quantify the change in body temperature in heifers with various proportions of Brahman genes per unit increase in heat stress as measured by THI and to assess the impact of skin properties on the phenotypic plasticity. A total of 299 two-year old heifers from six breed groups ranging from 100% Angus to 100% Brahman were evaluated under hot and humid conditions during 2017 and 2018 summer days. The plasticity in body temperature of breed groups in response to environmental challenges was estimated using a random regression mixed model. Six mm skin biopsies were collected from the right side of sixth thoracic bone of each heifer. Cross-sections of biopsy samples with a thickness of 7 µm were stained with Hematoxilin–Eosin technique. The number and area of sweat and sebaceous glands and the thickness of dermis and epidermis were determined using the ImageJ program. The 100% Brahman group had the lowest intercept and slope (38.66 and 0.18) representing the body temperature under the low THI conditions and the increase in body temperature for 2 units of THI, respectively. Except for the 100% Angus group, which had a slightly higher intercept (38.68), all other breed groups had lower intercepts. Body temperature in the 100% Angus heifers increases by 0.42 for every 2 units of THI. There was a significant linear effect of Brahman percentage on the sweat gland size, with the 100% Brahman having the largest sweat gland size (203.57µm2) and purebred Angus the smallest (94.31µm2). Effective strategies will require the identification of the genes conferring the superior thermotolerance in Brahman cattle.

Blood morphological and biochemical parameters of broiler chickens by use of aggregate-resistant vitamin-mineral complex based on selenium under conditions of heat stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Olga I. Sevostyanova ◽  
◽  
Vladimir A. Orobets ◽  
Ekaterina A. Sokolova ◽  
Elena S. Kastarnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Mineral Complex ◽  
Effects Of Stress ◽  
The Impact

Heat stress is still one of the main problemsin poultry breeding. Depression of the general condition, decreased productivity, worsened conversion parameters, decreased egg production are just some of the adverse effects of stress factors. As one of the ways to deal with heat stress, veterinary pharmacology creates different constructions of mono- and multivitamin complexes. These complexes are designed to reduce or completely neutralize the negative effects of stress. Despite the declared by the manufacturers balance of feed for poultry, the need for additional introduction of vitamin complexes into the diet is confirmed by hundreds of scientific studies and world practices. This article has the results of the study evaluating the impact of the developed aggregate-resistant vitamin-mineral complex based on selenium with a particle size of 20 to 60 nm on broiler chickens by Cobb-500 cross raised under heat stress. Like an analogue drug, was used Solvimin Selenium. It was found that anemia was recorded on the 21st day. The observed leukocytosis is an increase in the number of neutrophils and basophils in the peripheral blood. The biochemical composition of the blood of broiler chickens shows a pronounced stress effect on the body of birds of all experimental groups. All experimental groups had a decrease in total protein, albumin and urea with an increase in creatinine after 7 days from the start of the study. Changing the level of glucose in the blood serum allows us to conclude, that broilers in the control group have more stress tolerance. There are deviations not only in the control group, but also in the experimental groups. But, birds treated with vitamin-mineral complexes have the development of adaptive mechanisms, and a less pronounced negative effect of the temperature stress factor is noted.

scholarly journals Treatment Under the Spotlight and Kanguru Mother Care for Body Temperature among Premature Newborn

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jasper Suinite Pole
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Premature Newborn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Port Moresby

The purpose of this study was to find out how the comparison between kangaroo cares methods and treatments under the spotlight to control the body temperature of premature infants in the perinatology room port moresby general hospital, papua new guinea. This type of research is an experiment with a posttest only control design. The results obtained Mann-Whitney value of 0.589, which means the value of p-value> rather than α (0.05). Conclusion, there was no significant difference between the control group (under the spotlight treatment) and the intervention group (kangaroo maintenance method).   Keywords: Kangaroo Mother Care, Premature newborn, Spotlights

scholarly journals Endophytes and heat tolerance in lambs grazing perennial ryegrass

1994 ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Fletcher ◽  
L.J. Markham ◽  
S.R. White
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adverse Affects

Endophytes in perennial ryegrass protect their hosts against attack by Argentine stem weevil but cause adverse affects, including heat stress, in grazing animals. Ten lambs were grazed on Grasslands Nui ryegrass without endophyte or with its wildtype or a high ergovaline-producing endophyte (196). Five lambs from the 196 treatment were swapped for 5 on the endophyte-free treatment after 20 days. Rectal temperatures and respiration rates were measured daily; on one day they were measured every 2-4 hours. There was a significant difference in respiration rate and body temperature between lambs grazing endophyte and endophytefree treatments but not between the two endophyte treatments. There was no interaction with ambient temperature within the range 12-30°C. When lambs where transferred from toxic to non-toxic treatments there was no significant decrease in body temperature or respiration rate witbin 14 days. Ergovaline, even at low concentrations, affects thermo-regulation in lambs and is undesirable in perennial ryegrasslendophyte associationsEndophytes in perennial ryegrass protect their hosts against attack by Argentine stem weevil but cause adverse affects, including heat stress, in grazing animals. Ten lambs were grazed on Grasslands Nui ryegrass without endophyte or with its wildtype or a high ergovaline-producing endophyte (196). Five lambs from the 196 treatment were swapped for 5 on the endophyte-free treatment after 20 days. Rectal temperatures and respiration rates were measured daily; on one day they were measured every 2-4 hours. There was a significant difference in respiration rate and body temperature between lambs grazing endophyte and endophytefree treatments but not between the two endophyte treatments. There was no interaction with ambient temperature within the range 12-30°C. When lambs where transferred from toxic to non-toxic treatments there was no significant decrease in body temperature or respiration rate witbin 14 days. Ergovaline, even at low concentrations, affects thermo-regulation in lambs and is undesirable in perennial ryegrass endophyte associations. Keywords: body temperature, endophyte,ergovaline, heat stress, Lolium perenne, respiration rate

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