A comparison of two methods for evaluating surface properties of the lung

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Howatt ◽  
L. B. Strang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Tension Properties ◽  
Fetal Lamb ◽  
Stability Method ◽  
Positive Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Surface Balance

Indices of the surface tension properties of fetal lamb lungs were obtained by the bubble stability method and from direct measurements of a lung extract on a Langmuir-Wilhelmy balance. A comparison of 102 determinations by each method on 31 fetal lamb lungs gave a statistically significant positive correlation coefficient. A comparison of the surface balance index with a pressure-volume deflation index and with gestation and of the bubble stability index with gestation gave statistically significant positive correlation coefficients. Storage by freezing for 21—112 days did not alter either index of surface tension. lung surface tension; measurement of lung surface tension; surface balance; lung bubbles Submitted on October 15, 1964

Bud structure of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) in relation to incidence of bud fly (Dasyneura lini Barnes) in Central Uttar Pradesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Rishi Pal ◽  
Y. P. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Relative Minimum ◽  
Germplasm Line ◽  
Positive Correlation Coefficient

A field experiment conducted for screened 288 elite gen pool of linseed against bud fly infestation at Kanpur, India during rabi 2012-13 to study the bud structure of resistance of linseed against bud fly. The results indicated that the bud length and width showed significant positive correlation coefficient relationship (r=0.1559 and 0.0761) bud infestation. The resistant germplasm line minimum (GS-234) minimum bud length and width (7.93 ×3.26 mm) had relative minimum bud infestation (6.88%) and was statically at par other resistant germplasm lines viz. A-95B, CI-1385, EC-1392, EC-1424, GS-234, IC-15888 and JRF-5. While susceptible germplasm line (Arny) exhibited maximum bud length and width (8.25 ×3. 23 mm) maximum bud infestation(65.11%) which was statically at par with other susceptible lines viz. Ajgan-3-1, Ajgan-20M, Alipur (Hamirpur), Anand, GS-148, GS-440, Gunawal Local, NP(RR)193, RAULD-7810, RLC-28(PM), MS-14, SJKO-2, SJKO-45.

Hot flash placebo responses: Related to baseline hot flash frequency?

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9628-9628
Author(s):  
J. M. Jones ◽  
C. L. Loprinzi ◽  
R. Qin ◽  
D. L. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Placebo Response ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Percent Reduction ◽  
Hot Flash ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Multiple Treatments

9628 Background: As multiple treatments have been studied for the management of hot flashes in randomized, controlled trials, hot flash placebo responses have been quite variable across trials. Based on observations of trial reports, it was hypothesized that the magnitude of placebo effect might correlate with the number of baseline hot flashes in different studies. The current project examines the effect of the baseline hot flash frequency required for study participation and also the actual number of baseline hot flashes observed as these individually relate to the eventual reductions of hot flash frequency observed in patients receiving placebos. Methods: Data were collected from placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized trials, identified by a PubMed search, which reported hot flash frequency at baseline, 4–6 weeks and 12 weeks. Trials were excluded if they had less than 20 participants completing the placebo arm. Data gathered, in each study, included the number of hot flashes required to enroll in the study, the average hot flash number during the baseline period, and the hot flash changes in the placebo arms of each study (percent reduction from the baseline period). A simple statistical analysis was conducted in a descriptive fashion since standard deviation was not available in many trials. Scatter plots and Pearson's correlation coefficients demonstrated the relationships between the placebo hot flash percent reduction from baseline and both the minimum required number of hot flashes at baseline, and the mean number of hot flashes at baseline. Results: 45 trials with 49 placebo arms were included in this analysis. A significant positive correlation was seen between the number of hot flashes required to enroll in a study and the percent reduction of hot flashes from baseline at 4–6 weeks (Rho = 0.481, p = 0.003). There was also a significant positive correlation between the number of hot flashes at baseline and the percent reduction of hot flashes from baseline at 4–6 weeks (Rho = 0.481, p= 0.002) and at 12 weeks (Rho = 0.573, p= 0.003). Conclusions: These data support that higher baseline hot flash enrollment requirements and also higher baseline hot flash frequencies are associated with an increased placebo response. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Geochemistry of REEs and trace elements in Diz alteration area, NW Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Bakhshandeh ◽  
Rahim Masoumi ◽  
Asma Parvaneh
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Parent Rock ◽  
Positive Anomaly ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Nw Iran ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
Gd Anomaly ◽  
Positive Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Main Component

<p>Diz alteration area is situated in the southern part of Ardabil province in the northwest of Iran. This alteration area is a limited part of Tarom-Hashtjin volcanic zone. The hydrothermal alteration process has been mostly taken place in pyroclastic and volcanic units such as tuff, ignimbrite, and trachyandesites. The alterations of this area are related to Eocene volcanism which has considerably developed in the northwest of Iran. The argillic alterations in Diz area are mainly seen in ignimbrite unit and the precursor rock has been intensely altered such that many parts of the parent rock has been fully leached and all of the mobile elements have been removed from the parent rock while the resistant elements such as Al, Si, and some other immobile elements have remained in the context. Considering to the special behavior of REEs in the weathering and alteration profiles, depending on the REE bearing mineral’s resistivity against weathering and alteration processes, REEs can be removed or fixed in the environment. In the studied samples different concentrations of REEs are observable.            </p><p>The drawn REE diagrams show unique patterns for the studied samples where Ce group elements (LREEs) show a slight enrichment comparing to Y group (HREEs). The comparison of LREEs with HREEs represents that LREEs have been enriched 4 times more than HREEs.</p><p>The positive correlation coefficient between ΣREE and TiO<sub>2 </sub>(R<sup>2</sup>=0.70) represents the role of Ti bearing minerals such as ilmenite, pyroxene, rutile, and anatase in the fixation of REEs. On the other side the presence of considerable amounts of P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5 </sub>in the studied samples and also the positive correlation coefficients between P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5 </sub>and LREEs (R<sup>2</sup>=0.90), and P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and ΣREE (R<sup>2</sup>=0.74) suggest that some minor minerals such as monazite (Ce,La,Nd,Th)(PO<sub>4</sub>,SiO<sub>4</sub>) must be considered. The positive correlation coefficient between Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>and ΣREE shows the influence of clay minerals in the adsorption of REEs.         </p><p>The evaluation of REE patterns normalized to chondrite show a remarkable peak for Gd. Geochemically, Gd shows similarities with Ca<sup>2+</sup>. The Gd complexes may decompose in the presence of some elements such as Cu, Y, and REEs and Gd<sup>3+ ­­</sup>can be released. Hence, CaO is a main component in the parent rock of the studied altered samples, the positive Gd anomaly is most likely related to the primary composition of the parent rock. Furthermore, the decomposition of Gd complexes in the presence of competitor elements and also the high Gd content of altering fluids can be thought as the main reasons of Gd positive anomaly in the studied samples.</p>

scholarly journals Biofilm and Biosurfactant Mediated Aromatic Hydrocarbons Degradation by Marine Bacteria Isolated from Contaminated Marine Environments of Niger Delta

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Bright Obidinma Uba ◽  
Edna Ifeoma Chukwura ◽  
Ebere Linda Okoye ◽  
Amala Amechi Umebosi ◽  
Uchechukwu Fidelia Agbapulonwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Positive Correlation

Aims: To examine the effects of biofilm and biosurfactant associated cells of marine bacteria isolated from contaminated marine environments of Niger Delta on aromatic hydrocarbon degradation. Study Design: Nine treatments and the controls designs were set up in triplicates containing 100 mL of sterile modified mineral basal medium in 250 mL conical flasks supplemented with 50, 100, 200 and 300 ppm of xylene, anthracene and pyrene each and nine marine hydrocarbon degraders; incubated at 24°C for 5 - 7 days. The nine treatments and control set ups designated as ANT1, XYL2, PYR3, ANT4, PYR5, ANT6, XYL7, XYL8, PYR9 and CTRL (without hydrocarbons) were used to examine the effects of biofilm and biosurfactant produced by the marine bacteria on aromatic hydrocarbon degradability. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli Nigeria between September, 2014 and August, 2017. Methodology: A laboratory scale study was carried on six composite samples of the sediment and water samples from the three studied areas using enrichment, selection, morphological, biochemical, growth effect, emulsification, surface tension, bacterial adherence to hydrocarbon (BATH), salt aggregation (SAT) and microtitre plate biofilm formation tests. Results: The findings revealed that the three sampling sites harbour a lot of efficient aromatic degrading bacterial strains belonging to the genera: Providencia, Alcaligenes, Brevundimonas, Myroides, Serratia, and Bacillus able to significantly (P = .05) degrade the aromatic hydrocarbons. Significant positive correlation between biofilm formation and emulsification activity (r = 0.670; P = .05), was observed while surface tension (r = 0.134; P > .05), BATH (r = 0.142; P > .05) and SAT (r = 0.227; P > .05) had no significant positive correlation with biofilm formation. Conclusion: Thus, the metabolic traits potentials of these strains could be exploited for in situ bioremediation intervention in the coastal areas of Nigeria.

scholarly journals Study Assessing the Quality of Quantification of Estrogen Receptor Protein Expression by Immunohistochemistry and Gene Expression in Breast Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sas Leen ◽  
Van Laere Steven ◽  
Dierick Anne Marie ◽  
Duwel Valérie ◽  
De Pauw Annemie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Protein ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Esr1 Gene ◽  
Er Positive

Although immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a widely used technique to classify tumors in ER-positive versus ER-negative ones, interlab variabilities can occur. This study aims to investigate the influences of preanalytical and analytical factors on IHC results. For this purpose, the different steps of the preparation of IHC sections and scoring procedures were compared between two participating laboratories and a central lab. There was a significant positive correlation between the IHC results of the participating laboratories and those of the central lab (correlation coefficient > 0.600; P<0.05). Nevertheless, some discordant cases for immunostaining (5.3% for ER and 5.6% for PR) and for scoring (10.5% for PR) occur at site 1. Comparing IHC results with ESR1 gene expression results revealed a significant positive correlation (correlation coefficients > 0.769; P<0.05). PCR results of ER target genes showed some heterogeneity in the ER-signalling pathway. These results suggest that differences in the IHC procedure between these laboratories did not have a big influence on the end result. Nevertheless, discordant cases caused by preanalytical and analytical lab-specific procedures have been identified.

scholarly journals Validity of Four Commercial Bioelectrical Impedance Scales in Measuring Body Fat among Chinese Children and Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Stanley Sai-chuen Hui
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Model C ◽  
Chinese Children And Adolescents

The aim of the study is to examine the validity in predicting body fat percentage (%BF) of different bioelectrical impedance (BIA) devices among Chinese children and adolescents. A total of 255 Chinese children and adolescents aged 9–19 years old participated in the study. %BF was assessed by BIA scales, namely, Biodynamics-310 (Model A), Tanita TBF-543 (Model B), Tanita BC-545 (Model C), and InBody 520 (Model D). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used as the criterion measurement. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficients of estimated %BF between Model A, Model B, Model C, and DXA showed poor agreements for both genders. Moderate agreements for %BF were found between DXA and Model D measurements. In boys, differences in %BF were found between DXA and Model B and Model C. No significant %BF differences were found between Model A, Model D, and DXA. However, the two BIA analyzers showed a significant positive correlation between the bias and average %BF between BIA and DXA. In girls, differences in %BF were observed between Model B, Model C, Model D, and DXA. Model A and DXA showed no significant differences of %BF; however, the bias and the average %BF between the BIA and DXA had a significant positive correlation. Using embedded equations in BIA devices should be validated in assessing the %BF of Chinese children and adolescents.

scholarly journals FECUNDITY AND LONGEVITY OF F1 FEMALES OF HABROBRACON FROM SPERM X-RAYED WITH 3000r

Genetics ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-365
Author(s):  
Gertrude Heidenthal ◽  
Wayne Nelson ◽  
Leonard Clark
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Sensitive Analysis ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Partial Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Our purpose was to compare with respect to fecundity and longevity two groups of F1 diploid virgins of Habrobracon the fathers of which had been X-rayed with 3000r. Sorting of wasps into two groups was based on low or high hatchability of their F2 haploid eggs. Wasps with low hatchability (below 60%) are heterozygous for induced embryonic lethals such as recessives and translocations; wasps with high hatchability (100–60%) are free of lethals or possibly heterozygous for mild detrimentals. The F1s showing high hatchability laid significantly more eggs on the average; the average difference in lifespan was almost statistically significant (7% level). A more sensitive analysis by regression indicated a highly significant linear regression of survival of all F1s on hatchability of their eggs: F1s whose eggs showed 100% hatchability lived 1.84 days longer on the average than those whose eggs showed no hatchability. Furthermore, the former laid 4.99 more eggs on the average than the latter. The data also showed a very highly significant positive correlation coefficient between eggs laid and survival of mothers (0.122***) and a very highly significant positive partial correlation coefficient (0.105***) with hatchability held constant. The latter indicates that the F1s which laid more eggs also live longer, regardless of the hatchability of their eggs and hence of the heterozygosity of the mothers for lethals and other detrimentals.

scholarly journals Body Posture, Postural Stability, and Metabolic Age in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Wilczyński ◽  
Agnieszka Pedrycz ◽  
Dariusz Mucha ◽  
Tadeusz Ambroży ◽  
Dawid Mucha
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
General Stability ◽  
Surface Rotation ◽  
Metabolic Age

Background. The study aims to analyze the relationship between body posture and composition, as well as postural stability in Parkinson’s disease patients. Material and Methods. 32 people were evaluated. The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Posturology at Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce (Poland). Body posture was examined using the optoelectronic body posture Formetric Diers Method III 4D. Postural stability was evaluated using the Biodex Balance System platform. Body composition was assessed with the method of bioelectrical impedance analysis using the Tanita MC 780 MA analyzer. Results. 11 patients (34.37%) had hyperkyphosis, 10 (31.25%) hyperlordosis, and 3 (9.37%) hyperkyphosis-hyperlordosis posture. Scoliosis (>10°) was observed in 28 (87.5%) subjects, whereas 4 (12.5%) presented scoliotic body posture (1–9°). In the examined population, all parameters of postural stability were within normal limits. Conclusions. A significant positive correlation was observed between surface rotation (°), General Stability Index (r=0.4075, p=0.0206), and Anteroposterior Stability Index (r=0.3819, p=0.0310). There was also a significant positive correlation between surface rotation (+max) (°), General Stability Index (r=0.3526, p=0.0206), and Anteroposterior Stability Index (r=0.3873, p=0.0285). Metabolic age also presented a significant positive correlation between metabolic age and General Stability Index (r=0.4057, p=0.0212), as well as Anteroposterior Stability Index (r=0.3507, p=0.0490).

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Distribution in Street Dust of Urban and Industrial Areas in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-75
Author(s):  
Mansour A. Al Ghamdi Mansour A. Al Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Street Dust ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Main Streets ◽  
Cu And Zn

The concentrations of heavy metals namely: Pb, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn were measured in street dust samples. The samples were collected from the urban (Aljamaa district, main streets and substreets) and industrial areas of Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. The concentrations of the measured metals were significantly higher in the main streets of the urban area than those found in the industrial area and substrates of the urban area. However, Pb was found in the highest levels in industrial area. The concentrations of the individual metals in street dust collected from the main streets and substreets of the urban area and industrial area averaged 70.36, 53.51 and 105.76 µg/g for Pb; 39.71, 24.00 and 27.28 µg/g for Ni; 2.24, 1.32 and 1.57 µg/g for Cd; 72.93, 40.10 and 47.67 µg/g for Cr; 125.52, 83.32 and 93.66 µg/g for Cu; 340.85, 214.10 and 240.50 µg/g for Zn; 10199.42, 7678.84 and 7918.42 µg/g for Fe and 514.15, 389.69 and 400.64 µg/g for Mn, respectively. The ratios of main streets/substreets metal concentration in the urban area were 1.31, 1.65, 1.70, 1.82, 1.51, 1.59, 1.33 and 1.32 for Pb, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn, respectively. The mean concentrations of measured heavy metals in street dust from both study areas were lower / higher or similar to those detected in other cities of the world. The average concentrations of Cu and Zn in street dust of the main street dusts of the urban area exceeded the permissible limit value of soil. Significant positive correlation coefficients were found between the concentrations of Cr, Cd, Cu and Zn and also between the concentrations of Fe, Mn and Ni, Cr, Cu and Zn in the street dust of the urban area. On the other hand, insignificant positive correlation coefficients were found between the concentrations of Pb and other metals in street dust of the urban area. In the industrial area, significant positive correlation coefficients were found between the concentrations of heavy metals in the street dust.

Influence of Lung Volume on the Airflow-Intensity Relationship

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Schneider ◽  
R. J. Baken
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Intrasubject Variability ◽  
Lung Inflation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Subglottal Pressure

This study reports airflow-intensity relationships observed in crescendo and decrescendo phonations produced at three fundamental frequency levels by l0 men. The purpose of the investigation was to study the possible influence of lung volume on airflow-intensity relationships. Of the 30 decrescendo phonations, 26 showed statistically significant correlation coefficients and none showed significant negative correlations. The crescendo phonations, however, showed greater inter- and intrasubject variability. Of the 30 crescendo phonations, 16 showed statistically significant positive correlation coefficients and 6 showed significant negative correlations. Because lung inflation varied directly with intensity in the decrescendo task and indirectly in the crescendo task, it was concluded that lung volume does influence the consistency and strength of relationship between airflow and intensity. The findings are discussed in terms of the influence of lung volume on the relative contributions of glottal resistance and expiratory force to the regulation of subglottal pressure.

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