scholarly journals Latest developments in microtomography and nanotomography at PETRA III

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Haibel ◽  
F. Beckmann ◽  
T. Dose ◽  
J. Herzen ◽  
M. Ogurreck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Fraction ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Beam Characteristics ◽  
Low Emittance

Due to the extraordinary beam characteristics of the new PETRA III synchrotron, i.e., the high brilliance, the extremely low emittance of 1 nm rad, and the high fraction of coherent photons even in the hard X-ray range, the imaging beamline (IBL) at PETRA III will provide state of the art imaging and tomography capabilities with resolution well into the nanometer range. Novel applications of tomographic techniques allow for high speed in situ measurements as well as highest spatial and density resolutions. Additionally, the highly coherent beam enables the application of phase contrast methods in an exceptional way. Since the focus is on the energy range between 5 and 50 keV, the IBL will among others be ideally suited for microtomography and nanotomography on small engineering materials science samples as well as for studying soft matter, bones, medical implants, and biomatter.

Anin situatomic force microscope for normal-incidence nanofocus X-ray experiments

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1110-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Vitorino ◽  
Y. Fuchs ◽  
T. Dane ◽  
M. S. Rodrigues ◽  
M. Rosenthal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Atomic Force Microscope ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Organic Thin Film ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Synchrotron Beamlines

A compact high-speed X-ray atomic force microscope has been developed forin situuse in normal-incidence X-ray experiments on synchrotron beamlines, allowing for simultaneous characterization of samples in direct space with nanometric lateral resolution while employing nanofocused X-ray beams. In the present work the instrument is used to observe radiation damage effects produced by an intense X-ray nanobeam on a semiconducting organic thin film. The formation of micrometric holes induced by the beam occurring on a timescale of seconds is characterized.

scholarly journals In Situ Analysis of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using Simultaneous High-Speed Infrared and X-ray Imaging

JOM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Gould ◽  
Sarah Wolff ◽  
Niranjan Parab ◽  
Cang Zhao ◽  
Maria Cinta Lorenzo-Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
In Situ Analysis ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging

scholarly journals In situ damage assessment using synchrotron X-rays in materials loaded by a Hopkinson bar

2014 ◽  
Vol 372 (2015) ◽  
pp. 20130191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weinong W. Chen ◽  
Matthew C. Hudspeth ◽  
Ben Claus ◽  
Niranjan D. Parab ◽  
John T. Black ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Particle Interaction ◽  
Tensile Failure ◽  
High Rate ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Damage Initiation ◽  
Dynamic Experiments

Split Hopkinson or Kolsky bars are common high-rate characterization tools for dynamic mechanical behaviour of materials. Stress–strain responses averaged over specimen volume are obtained as a function of strain rate. Specimen deformation histories can be monitored by high-speed imaging on the surface. It has not been possible to track the damage initiation and evolution during the dynamic deformation inside specimens except for a few transparent materials. In this study, we integrated Hopkinson compression/tension bars with high-speed X-ray imaging capabilities. The damage history in a dynamically deforming specimen was monitored in situ using synchrotron radiation via X-ray phase contrast imaging. The effectiveness of the novel union between these two powerful techniques, which opens a new angle for data acquisition in dynamic experiments, is demonstrated by a series of dynamic experiments on a variety of material systems, including particle interaction in granular materials, glass impact cracking, single crystal silicon tensile failure and ligament–bone junction damage.

Multipurpose diffractometer for in situ X-ray crystallography of functional materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Semën Gorfman ◽  
David Spirito ◽  
Netanela Cohen ◽  
Peter Siffalovic ◽  
Peter Nadazdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reciprocal Space Mapping ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Area Detector ◽  
Characterization Of Materials

Laboratory X-ray diffractometers play a crucial role in X-ray crystallography and materials science. Such instruments still vastly outnumber synchrotron facilities and are responsible for most of the X-ray characterization of materials around the world. The efforts to enhance the design and performance of in-house X-ray diffraction instruments benefit a broad research community. Here, the realization of a custom-built multipurpose four-circle diffractometer in the laboratory for X-ray crystallography of functional materials at Tel Aviv University, Israel, is reported. The instrument is equipped with a microfocus Cu-based X-ray source, collimating X-ray optics, four-bounce monochromator, four-circle goniometer, large (PILATUS3 R 1M) pixel area detector, analyser crystal and scintillating counter. It is suitable for a broad range of tasks in X-ray crystallography/structure analysis and materials science. All the relevant X-ray beam parameters (total flux, flux density, beam divergence, monochromaticity) are reported and several applications such as determination of the crystal orientation matrix and high-resolution reciprocal-space mapping are demonstrated. The diffractometer is suitable for measuring X-ray diffraction in situ under an external electric field, as demonstrated by the measurement of electric-field-dependent rocking curves of a quartz single crystal. The diffractometer can be used as an independent research instrument, but also as a training platform and for preparation for synchrotron experiments.

scholarly journals Investigation of fragment reconstruction accuracy with in situ few-view flash x-ray high-speed computed tomography (HSCT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 065401
Author(s):  
Stefan Moser ◽  
Siegfried Nau ◽  
Victoria Heusinger ◽  
Michael Fiederle
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Reconstruction Accuracy ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Correction: Comparison of bulk and microfluidic methods to monitor the phase behaviour of nanoparticles during digestion of lipid-based drug formulations using in situ X-ray scattering

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-276
Author(s):  
Linda Hong ◽  
Muhsincan Sesen ◽  
Adrian Hawley ◽  
Adrian Neild ◽  
Patrick T. Spicer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Drug Formulations ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

Correction for ‘Comparison of bulk and microfluidic methods to monitor the phase behaviour of nanoparticles during digestion of lipid-based drug formulations using in situ X-ray scattering’ by Ben J. Boyd et al., Soft Matter, 2019, 15, 9565–9578.

High-Speed X-Ray Imaging of Diesel Injector Needle Motion

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Kastengren ◽  
C. F. Powell ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
K. Fezzaa ◽  
J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Needle Position ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Linear Oscillation ◽  
Degree Of Convergence

Phase-enhanced x-ray imaging has been used to examine the geometry and dynamics of four diesel injector nozzles. The technique uses a high-speed camera, which allows the dynamics of individual injection events to be observed in real time and compared. Moreover, data has been obtained for the nozzles from two different viewing angles, allowing for the full three-dimensional motions of the needle to be examined. This technique allows the needle motion to be determined in situ at the needle seat and requires no modifications to the injector hardware, unlike conventional techniques. Measurements of the nozzle geometry have allowed the average nozzle diameter, degree of convergence or divergence, and the degree of rounding at the nozzle inlet to be examined. Measurements of the needle lift have shown that the lift behavior of all four nozzles consists of a linear increase in needle lift with respect to time until the needle reaches full lift and a linear decrease as the needle closes. For all four nozzles, the needle position oscillates at full lift with a period of 170–180 μs. The full-lift position of the needle changes as the rail pressure increases, perhaps reflecting compression of the injector components. Significant lateral motions were seen in the two single-hole nozzles, with the needle motion perpendicular to the injector axis resembling a circular motion for one nozzle and linear oscillation for the other nozzle. The two VCO multihole nozzles show much less lateral motion, with no strong oscillations visible.

In situ high-speed synchrotron X-ray beam profiling and position monitoring

2007 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. van Silfhout ◽  
S. Manolopoulos ◽  
N.R. Kyele ◽  
K. Decanniere
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Position Monitoring

Phase Transformations in the Brazing Joint during Transient Liquid Phase Bonding of a γ-TiAl Alloy Studied with In Situ High-Energy X-Ray Diffraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 943-948
Author(s):  
Katja Hauschildt ◽  
Andreas Stark ◽  
Hilmar Burmester ◽  
Ursula Tietze ◽  
Norbert Schell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Transient Liquid Phase ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transient Liquid Phase Bonding ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Joint Region ◽  
X Ray

TiAl alloys are increasingly used as a lightweight material, for example in aero engines, which also leads to the requirement for suitable repair techniques. Transient liquid phase bonding is a promising method for the closure of cracks (in non-critical or non-highly loaded areas). The brazing solder Ti-24Ni was investigated for brazing the alloy Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.2B-0.2C (in at. %). After brazing, the joint exhibits different microstructures and phase compositions. The transient liquid phase bonding process was investigated in the middle of the joint region in situ to acquire time resolved information of the phases, their development, and thus the brazing process. These investigations were performed using high-energy X-ray diffraction at the “High-Energy Materials Science” beamline HEMS, located at the synchrotron radiation facility PETRA III at DESY in Hamburg, Germany. For this, we used an induction furnace, which is briefly described here. During the analysis of the diffraction data with Rietveld refinement, the amount of liquid was refined with Gaussian peaks and thus could be quantified. Furthermore, while brazing four different phases occurred in the middle of the joint region over time. Additionally, the degree of ordering of the βo phase was determined with two ideal stoichiometric phases (completely ordered and disordered). Altogether, the phase composition changed clearly over the first six hours of the brazing process.

scholarly journals Polychromy on the Antonine Wall Distance Sculptures: Non-destructive Identification of Pigments on Roman Reliefs

Britannia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 175-201
Author(s):  
Louisa Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wall Distance ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
Non Destructive

ABSTRACTNon-destructive analytical techniques are now widely and successfully employed in the fields of materials science and conservation. Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) and portable Raman spectrometry have proven particularly valuable for the rapid in-situ analysis of samples, but their applicability for the analysis of archaeological artefacts for which survival of surface treatments can be negatively impacted by post-depositional processes has been underexplored. Roman relief-sculpted monumental inscriptions from the Antonine Wall, commonly referred to as ‘Distance Slabs’, have offered an excellent opportunity to deploy these non-destructive techniques to determine whether they were originally adorned with pigments and, if so, to identify the colours used. This is a revolutionary approach to identifying colours on ancient sandstone sculpture that transforms our understanding of these unique monuments. Elemental composition analysis by pXRF has confirmed evidence for pigments and this is supported by the Raman results, making it possible to develop and reconstruct a palette of colours that originally brought these monuments to life in vibrant polychrome. The research offers a new methodology for identifying pigments on sandstone sculpture and opens new avenues for investigating other classes of material culture alongside the development of bespoke analytical equipment.

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