Qualitative Phase Analysis Using an X-Ray Powder Diffractometer

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
W. N. Schreiner ◽  
C. Surdukowski ◽  
R. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Qualitative Phase ◽  
Self Consistency

During the past three years we have undertaken the development of a complete X-Ray Powder Diffraction, facility with the goal of fully integrating experimental and analytical procedures. Such an approach potentially offers substantially improved performance over previously existing systems by virtue of its internal self-consistency and it opens the possibility of significantly extending analytic procedures for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Our work to date has resulted in improved performance and significant extensions in both areas, and today I will report on those advances in the area of qualitative analysis.

Qualitative and quantitative phase analyses of Pingguo bauxite mineral using X-ray powder diffraction and the Rietveld method

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangqin Nong ◽  
Xiying Yang ◽  
Lingmin Zeng ◽  
Jingping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rietveld Refinement ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quantitative Phase ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Refinement Method ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Qualitative Phase

X-ray powder diffraction technique and the Rietveld refinement method have been used successfully for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of Pingguo bauxite from Guangxi, China. Qualitative phase analysis shows that the Pingguo bauxite contains diaspore (AlOOH), hematite (Fe2O3), goethite (FeOOH), anatase (TiO2), and kaolinite (Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4). Quantitative Rietveld refinement shows that the weight concentrations of diaspore, goethite, hematite, anatase, and kaolinite for the Pingguo bauxite are 71.9(4)%, 7.0(8)%, 11.3(7)%, 6.5(6)%, and 3.3(9)%, respectively.

Qualitative phase analysis system for crystalline mixtures based on X-ray powder diffraction file

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-346
Author(s):  
YuanYuan Qiao ◽  
YunFei Xi ◽  
DongTao Zhuo ◽  
Ji Jun Wang ◽  
ShaoFan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Qualitative Phase ◽  
Full Peak

A qualitative phase identification system for crystalline mixtures is presented. The system provides up to five-phase qualitative identification using up to nine-peak filtration, and additive full peak matching based on the powder diffraction file of ICDD. It was implemented using Microsoft Visual C++, and runs under most common Windows systems. Screenshots and examples are included.

X-Ray Diffraction Intensity of Oxife Soild Soultions: Application to Qualitative and Quantitative Phase Analysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Gehringer ◽  
Gregory J. McCarthy ◽  
R.G. Garvey ◽  
Deane K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
End Members

Solid solutions are pervasive in minerals and in industrial inorganic materials. The analyst is often called upon to provide qualitative and quantitative X-ray phase analysis for specimens containing solid solutions when all that is available are Powder Diffraction File (PDF) data or commercial standards for the end members. In an earlier paper (1) we presented several examples of substantial errors in accuracy of quantitative analysis that can arise when the crystallinity and composition of the analyte standard do not match those of the analyte in the sample of interest. We recommended that to obtain more accurate quantitative analyses, one should determine the analyte composition (e.g., from XRF on grains seen in a SEM or from comparison of cell parameters with those of the end members) and synthesize an analyte standard with this composition and with a crystallinity approximating that of the analyte (e.g., as determined from peak breadth or α1/ α2 splitting).

Quantitative Phase Analyses of a Slag Using X-Ray Powder Diffraction

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1241-1244
Author(s):  
Wei Jin Zeng ◽  
Chao Zeng ◽  
Wei He
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quantitative Phase ◽  
Full Profile ◽  
Qualitative Phase

The quantitative phase analyses of a slag have been successfully carried out by using both of the full-profile Rietveld and RIR methods from X-ray powder diffraction data. The qualitative phase analysis indicates that the slag contains mayenite (CaO)12(Al2O3)7, olivine Ca2(SiO4), gehlenite Ca2Al (AlSiO7), lemite Ca2(SiO4) and hibonite CaO(Al2O3)6. The quantitative analysis from Rietveld refinement shows that the weight concentrations of mayenite, olivine, gehlenite, lemite and hibonite for the slag are 48.8(4) wt.%, 32.2(5) wt.%, 11.0(9) wt.%, 6.2(1.1) wt.% and 1.8 (1.2) wt.%, respectively. The quantitative phase analysis results obtained by Rietveld method are more precise then those by RIR method.

In situ microprobe quantitation of inorganic particle burden in paraffin sections of lung tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 990-991
Author(s):  
Jerrold L. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Data Result

Inorganic particulate material of diverse types is present in the ambient and occupational environment, and exposure to such materials is a well recognized cause of some lung disease. To investigate the interaction of inhaled inorganic particulates with the lung it is necessary to obtain quantitative information on the particulate burden of lung tissue in a wide variety of situations. The vast majority of diagnostic and experimental tissue samples (biopsies and autopsies) are fixed with formaldehyde solutions, dehydrated with organic solvents and embedded in paraffin wax. Over the past 16 years, I have attempted to obtain maximal analytical use of such tissue with minimal preparative steps. Unique diagnostic and research data result from both qualitative and quantitative analyses of sections. Most of the data has been related to inhaled inorganic particulates in lungs, but the basic methods are applicable to any tissues. The preparations are primarily designed for SEM use, but they are stable for storage and transport to other laboratories and several other instruments (e.g., for SIMS techniques).

QUALX2.0: a qualitative phase analysis software using the freely available database POW_COD

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 598-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Altomare ◽  
Nicola Corriero ◽  
Corrado Cuocci ◽  
Aurelia Falcicchio ◽  
Anna Moliterni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
Structure Information ◽  
Previous Version ◽  
Experimental Diffraction Pattern ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Qualitative Phase

QUALX2.0is the new version ofQUALX, a computer program for qualitative phase analysis by powder diffraction data. The previous version ofQUALXwas able to carry out phase identification by querying the PDF-2 commercial database. The main novelty ofQUALX2.0is the possibility of querying also a freely available database, POW_COD. POW_COD has been built up by starting from the structure information contained in the Crystallography Open Database (COD). The latter is a growing collection of diffraction data, freely downloadable from the web, corresponding to inorganic, metal–organic, organic and mineral structures.QUALX2.0retains the main capabilities of the previous version: (a) automatically estimating and subtracting the background; (b) locating the experimental diffraction peaks; (c) searching the database for single-phase pattern(s) best matching to the experimental powder diffraction data; (d) taking into account suitable restraints in the search; (e) performing a semi-quantitative analysis; (f) enabling the change of default choices and strategiesviaa user-friendly graphic interface. The advances ofQUALX2.0with respect toQUALXinclude (i) a wider variety of types of importable ASCII file containing the experimental diffraction pattern and (ii) new search–match options. The program, written in Fortran and C++, runs on PCs under the Windows operating system. The POW_COD database is exported in SQLite3 format.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF TYPE AND MARK OF PROJECTILES BY METHOD OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN THE STUDY OF PNEUMATICALLY SHOT INJURIOUS TO SOME CLOTHING MATERIALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 391-398
Author(s):  
I. M. Kozachenko
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Foreign Production ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

The X-ray fluorescence spectral qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed for the elemental composition of 4 marks of bullets for pneumatic weapon of home and foreign production, and also for imitators of common clothing materials camouflage fabric and cotton knitwear. It is determined that lead bullets for pneumatic weapons are capable to introduce some elements of their composition, which are inherent in one or another mark of bullets, to the area of damage on certain clothing materials, in particular, camouflage fabric and cotton knitwear. This expands the possibilities of forensic medical examination when dealing with a problem of determining the type and mark of a bullet or of a small group of bullets similar in their elemental composition, due to which the pneumatical shot injuries of examined objects took place.

scholarly journals What’s All the Chatter? A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Emergency Physicians’ Tweets

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Riddell ◽  
Alisha Brown ◽  
Lynne Robins ◽  
Rafae Nauman ◽  
Jeanette Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Shared Resources ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Educational Delivery

Introduction: Twitter is growing in popularity and influence among emergency physicians (EP), with over 2200 self-identified EP users. As Twitter’s popularity has increased among EPs so too has its influence. While there has been debate about the value of Twitter as an effective educational delivery tool, little attention has been paid to the nature of the conversation occurring on Twitter. We aim to describe how influential EPs use Twitter by characterizing the language, purpose, frequencies, content, and degree of engagement of their tweets. Methods: We performed a mixed-methods analysis following a combined content analysis approach. We conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses of a sample of tweets from the 61 most influential EPs on Twitter. We present descriptive tweet characteristics and noteworthy themes. Results: We analyzed 1375 unique tweets from 57 unique users, representing 93% of the influential Twitter EPs. A majority of tweets (1104/1375, 80%) elicited some response in the form of retweets, likes, or replies, demonstrating community engagement. The qualitative analysis identified 15 distinct categories of tweets. Conclusion: Influential EPs on Twitter were engaged in largely medical conversations in which most messages generated some form of interaction. They shared resources and opinions while also building social rapport in a community of practice. This data can help EPs make informed decisions about social media engagement.

Accuracy in Angle and Intensity Measurements in X-Ray Powder Diffraction

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Crystal Structure Analysis ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Intensity Measurements ◽  
Profile Fitting ◽  
Computer Automation ◽  
Qualitative Phase

The advent of computer automation and profile fitting techniques in powder diffraction., along with a general solution to the problem of preferred orientation, has opened a series of new horizons for this method. The new levels of accuracy attainable have brought us to the threshold of routine reliable qualitative phase identification, high precision quantitative analysis and the ability to perform crystal structure analysis on some of the most important technological materials. It has been primarily the question of accuracy which has held up these developments until now.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document