scholarly journals A Critical Assessment of Geographic Clusters of Breast and Lung Cancer Incidences among Residents Living near the Tittabawassee and Saginaw Rivers, Michigan, USA

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga A. Guajardo ◽  
Tonny J. Oyana
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Local Risk

Objectives. To assess previously determined geographic clusters of breast and lung cancer incidences among residents living near the Tittabawassee and Saginaw Rivers, Michigan, using a new set of environmental factors.Materials and Methods. Breast and lung cancer data were acquired from the Michigan Department of Community Health, along with point source pollution data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The datasets were used to determine whether there is a spatial association between disease risk and environmental contamination. GIS and spatial techniques were combined with statistical analysis to investigate local risk of breast and lung cancer.Results and Conclusion. The study suggests that neighborhoods in close proximity to the river were associated with a high risk of breast cancer, while increased risk of lung cancer was detected among neighborhoods in close proximity to point source pollution and major highways. Statistically significant(P≤.001)clusters of cancer incidences were observed among residents living near the rivers. These findings are useful to researchers and governmental agencies for risk assessment, regulation, and control of environmental contamination in the floodplains.

scholarly journals Lung cancer mortality in towns near paper, pulp and board industries in Spain: a point source pollution study

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Monge-Corella ◽  
Javier García-Pérez ◽  
Nuria Aragonés ◽  
Marina Pollán ◽  
Beatriz Pérez-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Paper Pulp ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Pollution Study

Risk of asbestosis, mesothelioma, other lung disease or death among motor vehicle mechanics: a 45-year Danish cohort study

Thorax ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. thoraxjnl-2020-215041
Author(s):  
Reimar Wernich Thomsen ◽  
Anders Hammerich Riis ◽  
Esben Meulengracht Flachs ◽  
David H Garabrant ◽  
Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
External Agents

IntroductionThe risk of asbestosis, malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer among motor vehicle mechanics is of concern because of potential exposure to chrysotile asbestos during brake, clutch and gasket repair and maintenance. Asbestos has also been used in insulation and exhaust systems.MethodsWe examined the long-term risk of incident mesothelioma, lung cancer, asbestosis and other lung diseases and mortality due to mesothelioma, lung cancer, asbestosis and other lung diseases in a nationwide cohort of all men registered as motor vehicle mechanics since 1970 in Denmark. This was compared with the corresponding risk in a cohort of male workers matched 10:1 by age and calendar year, with similar socioeconomic status (instrument makers, dairymen, upholsterers, glaziers, butchers, bakers, drivers, farmers and workers in the food industry, trade or public services).ResultsOur study included 138 559 motor vehicle mechanics (median age 24 years; median follow-up 20 years (maximum 45 years)) and 1 385 590 comparison workers (median age 25 years; median follow-up 19 years (maximum 45 years)). Compared with other workers, vehicle mechanics had a lower risk of morbidity due to mesothelioma/pleural cancer (n=47 cases) (age-adjusted and calendar-year-adjusted HR=0.74 (95% CI 0.55 to 0.99)), a slightly increased risk of lung cancer (HR=1.09 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.14)), increased risk of asbestosis (HR=1.50 (95% CI 1.10 to 2.03)) and a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk close to unity (HR=1.02 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.05)). Corresponding HRs for mortality were 0.86 (95% CI 0.64 to 1.15) for mesothelioma/pleural cancer, 1.06 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.12) for lung cancer, 1.79 (95% CI 1.10 to 2.92) for asbestosis, 1.06 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.30) for other lung diseases caused by external agents and 1.00 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.01) for death due to all causes.ConclusionsWe found that the risk of asbestosis was increased among vehicle mechanics. The risk of malignant mesothelioma/pleural cancers was not increased among vehicle mechanics.

scholarly journals Annotation and extraction of age and temporally-related events from clinical histories

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (S11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Hong ◽  
Anahita Davoudi ◽  
Shun Yu ◽  
Danielle L. Mowery
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
Named Entity ◽  
Clinical Events ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Annotation Study

Abstract Background Age and time information stored within the histories of clinical notes can provide valuable insights for assessing a patient’s disease risk, understanding disease progression, and studying therapeutic outcomes. However, details of age and temporally-specified clinical events are not well captured, consistently codified, and readily available to research databases for study. Methods We expanded upon existing annotation schemes to capture additional age and temporal information, conducted an annotation study to validate our expanded schema, and developed a prototypical, rule-based Named Entity Recognizer to extract our novel clinical named entities (NE). The annotation study was conducted on 138 discharge summaries from the pre-annotated 2014 ShARe/CLEF eHealth Challenge corpus. In addition to existing NE classes (TIMEX3, SUBJECT_CLASS, DISEASE_DISORDER), our schema proposes 3 additional NEs (AGE, PROCEDURE, OTHER_EVENTS). We also propose new attributes, e.g., “degree_relation” which captures the degree of biological relation for subjects annotated under SUBJECT_CLASS. As a proof of concept, we applied the schema to 49 H&P notes to encode pertinent history information for a lung cancer cohort study. Results An abundance of information was captured under the new OTHER_EVENTS, PROCEDURE and AGE classes, with 23%, 10% and 8% of all annotated NEs belonging to the above classes, respectively. We observed high inter-annotator agreement of >80% for AGE and TIMEX3; the automated NLP system achieved F1 scores of 86% (AGE) and 86% (TIMEX3). Age and temporally-specified mentions within past medical, family, surgical, and social histories were common in our lung cancer data set; annotation is ongoing to support this translational research study. Conclusions Our annotation schema and NLP system can encode historical events from clinical notes to support clinical and translational research studies.

scholarly journals Gene-environment and gene-gene interactions between CHRNA3 rs1051730, XRCC1 rs25487, and ERCC1 rs735482 variants highly elevate the risk of lung cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Ezzeldin ◽  
Dalia El-Lebedy ◽  
Asmaa Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Wild Allele ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Gene-gene and gene-environment interactions play an important role in cancer susceptibility. In this work, we studied the association of XRCC1 rs25487, ERCC1 rs735482, and CHRNA3 rs1051730 variants with lung cancer and assessed the modulatory effect of potential interaction between these variants on disease risk. Results In this study, 86 primary lung cancer patients and 64 control subjects were genotyped for CHRNA3 rs1051730, XRCC1 rs25487, and ERCC1 rs735482 by real-time PCR. The frequency of the three studied variants was higher among lung cancer patients than in control subjects, but with no statistical significance. ERCC1 rs735482 variant was associated with 6.9-fold increased risk to develop lung cancer among smokers (p = 0.03). Concomitant presence of CHRNA3 and ERCC1 wild alleles was associated with 2.7-fold elevated risk of lung cancer (p < 0.0001), while concomitant presence of CHRNA3 rs1051730 variant allele with ERCC1 wild allele was associated with 20-fold elevated risk (p < 0.000). Concomitant presence of both variants, ERCC1 rs735482 and CHRNA3 rs1051730, was associated with 9.9-fold elevated risk (p < 0.0001). Meanwhile, the concomitant presence of XRCC1 rs25487 with either ERCC1 rs735482 or CHRNA3 rs1051730 or both was not associated with increased risk of the disease. Conclusion Our results emphasize the role of gene-gene interaction in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Large-scale further studies to clarify the underlying mechanisms are needed.

Family Environment and Its Correlation with Anxiety and Depression: A Study on Heart Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Meena Jain ◽  
Saloni Chandalia
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

This research paper deals with the Family Environment and its Correlation with Anxiety and Depression level among persons with Heart Disease. There had been a number of researches that investigated that ischemic heart disease patients who suffer significant anxiety have close to a 5-fold increased risk of experiencing frequent angina and those with depression have more than a 3-fold increased risk for these episodes. This observed link between psychiatric symptoms and angina underlines the importance of treating anxiety and depression in cardiac patients, according to study co author Dr Mark D Sullivan (University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle). To gather the needed data, Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Becks Depression Inventory were used. As stated from literatures, for people with heart dysfunction, depression and anxiety can increase the risk of an adverse cardiac event such as a heart attack or blood clots. For people who do not have heart disease, depression and anxiety can also increase the risk of a heart attack and development of coronary artery disease. Researchers have also emphasized on the role of family psychosocial environment and its positive association with the Coronary Heart Disease risk.

Perbandingan CART dan Random Forest untuk Deteksi Kanker berbasis Klasifikasi Data Microarray

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-812
Author(s):  
Riska Chairunisa ◽  
Adiwijaya ◽  
Widi Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Classification Method ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Prostate Tumors ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Colon Tumors

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world with a mortality rate of 57,3% in 2018 in Asia. Therefore, early diagnosis is needed to avoid an increase in mortality caused by cancer. As machine learning develops, cancer gene data can be processed using microarrays for early detection of cancer outbreaks. But the problem that microarray has is the number of attributes that are so numerous that it is necessary to do dimensional reduction. To overcome these problems, this study used dimensions reduction Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) with Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and Random Forest (RF) as classification method. The purpose of using these two classification methods is to find out which classification method produces the best performance when combined with the DWT dimension reduction. This research use five microarray data, namely Colon Tumors, Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, Prostate Tumors and Ovarian Cancer from Kent-Ridge Biomedical Dataset. The best accuracy obtained in this study for breast cancer data were 76,92% with CART-DWT, Colon Tumors 90,1% with RF-DWT, lung cancer 100% with RF-DWT, prostate tumors 95,49% with RF-DWT, and ovarian cancer 100% with RF-DWT. From these results it can be concluded that RF-DWT is better than CART-DWT.  

Cardiovascular Complications of Sleep Disorders: A Better Night’s Sleep for a Healthier Heart / From Bench to Bedside

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodora A. Manolis ◽  
Antonis A. Manolis ◽  
Evdoxia J. Apostolopoulos ◽  
Helen Melita ◽  
Antonis S. Manolis
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Benzodiazepine Receptor ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Acid Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cv Disease ◽  
Meta Analyses

: Sleep is essential to and an integral part of life and when lacking or disrupted, a multitude of mental and physical pathologies ensue, including cardiovascular (CV) disease, which increases health care costs. Several prospective studies and meta-analyses show that insomnia, short (<7h) or long (>9h) sleep and other sleep disorders are associated with an increased risk of hypertension, metabolic syndrome, myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, CV disease risk and/or mortality. The mechanisms by which insomnia and other sleep disorders lead to increased CV risk may encompass inflammatory, immunological, neuro-autonomic, endocrinological, genetic and microbiome perturbations. Guidelines are emerging that recommend a target of >7 h of sleep for all adults >18 years for optimal CV health. Treatment of sleep disorders includes cognitive-behavioral therapy considered the mainstay of non-pharmacologic management of chronic insomnia, and drug treatment with benzodiazepine receptor agonists binding to gamma aminobutyric acid type A (benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine agents) and some antidepressants. However, observational studies and meta-analyses indicate an increased mortality risk of anxiolytics and hypnotics, although bias may be involved due to confounding and high heterogeneity in these studies. Nevertheless, it seems that the risk incurred by the non-benzodiazepine hypnotic agents (Z drugs) may be relatively less than the risk of anxiolytics, with evidence indicating that at least one of these agents, zolpidem, may even confer a lower risk of mortality in adjusted models. All these issues are herein reviewed.

scholarly journals Patients with Metastatic Lung Cancer and Oncologists’ Views on Achievement of Treatment Goals and Making the Right Treatment Decision: A Prospective Multicenter Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272989X2199895
Author(s):  
Adinda Mieras ◽  
Annemarie Becker-Commissaris ◽  
Hanna T. Klop ◽  
H. Roeline W. Pasman ◽  
Denise de Jong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Treatment Goals ◽  
Metastatic Lung Cancer ◽  
Prospective Multicenter Study ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Metastatic Lung ◽  
The Right

Background Previous studies have investigated patients’ treatment goals before starting a treatment for metastatic lung cancer. Data on the evaluation of treatment goals are lacking. Aim To determine if patients with metastatic lung cancer and their oncologists perceive the treatment goals they defined at the start of systemic treatment as achieved after treatment and if in hindsight they believe it was the right decision to start systemic therapy. Design and Participants A prospective multicenter study in 6 hospitals across the Netherlands between 2016 and 2018. Following systemic treatment, 146 patients with metastatic lung cancer and 23 oncologists completed a questionnaire on the achievement of their treatment goals and whether they made the right treatment decision. Additional interviews with 15 patients and 5 oncologists were conducted. Results According to patients and oncologists, treatment goals were achieved in 30% and 37% for ‘quality of life,’ 49% and 41% for ‘life prolongation,’ 26% and 44% for ‘decrease in tumor size,’ and 44% for ‘cure’, respectively. Most patients and oncologists, in hindsight, felt they had made the right decision to start treatment and also if they had not achieved their goals (72% and 93%). This was related to the feeling that they had to do ‘something.’ Conclusions Before deciding on treatment, the treatment options, including their benefits and side effects, and the goals patients have should be discussed. It is key that these discussions include not only systemic treatment but also palliative care as effective options for doing ‘something.’

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