Family Environment and Its Correlation with Anxiety and Depression: A Study on Heart Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Meena Jain ◽  
Saloni Chandalia
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

This research paper deals with the Family Environment and its Correlation with Anxiety and Depression level among persons with Heart Disease. There had been a number of researches that investigated that ischemic heart disease patients who suffer significant anxiety have close to a 5-fold increased risk of experiencing frequent angina and those with depression have more than a 3-fold increased risk for these episodes. This observed link between psychiatric symptoms and angina underlines the importance of treating anxiety and depression in cardiac patients, according to study co author Dr Mark D Sullivan (University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle). To gather the needed data, Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Becks Depression Inventory were used. As stated from literatures, for people with heart dysfunction, depression and anxiety can increase the risk of an adverse cardiac event such as a heart attack or blood clots. For people who do not have heart disease, depression and anxiety can also increase the risk of a heart attack and development of coronary artery disease. Researchers have also emphasized on the role of family psychosocial environment and its positive association with the Coronary Heart Disease risk.

scholarly journals Oral health and later coronary heart disease: Cohort study of one million people

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 598-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
G David Batty ◽  
Keum Ji Jung ◽  
Yejin Mok ◽  
Sun Ju Lee ◽  
Joung Hwan Back ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Aims Systematic reviews report an association between poorer oral health and an increased risk of coronary heart disease. This contentious relationship may not be causal but existing studies have been insufficiently well powered comprehensively to examine the role of confounding, particularly by cigarette smoking. Accordingly, we sought to examine the role of smoking in generating the relationship between oral health and coronary heart disease in life-long non-smokers. Methods and results In the Korean Cancer Prevention Study, 975,685 individuals (349,579 women) aged 30–95 years had an oral examination when tooth loss, a widely used indicator of oral health, was ascertained. Linkage to national mortality and hospital registers over 21 years of follow-up gave rise to 64,784 coronary heart disease events (19,502 in women). In the whole cohort, after statistical adjustment for age, there was a moderate, positive association between tooth loss and coronary heart disease in both men (hazard ratio for seven or more missing teeth vs. none; 95% confidence interval 1.08; 1.02, 1.14; Ptrend across tooth loss groups <0.0001) and women (1.09; 1.01, 1.18; Ptrend 0.0016). Restricting analyses to a subgroup of 464,145 never smokers (25,765 coronary heart disease events), however, resulted in an elimination of this association in men (1.01; 0.85, 1.19); Ptrend 0.7506) but not women (1.08; 0.99, 1.18; Ptrend 0.0086). Conclusion In men in the present study, the relationship between poor oral health and coronary heart disease risk appeared to be explained by confounding by cigarette smoking so raising questions about a causal link.

Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors and Metabolic Syndrome in Children with Heart Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam L. Ware ◽  
Paul C. Young ◽  
Cindy Weng ◽  
Angela P. Presson ◽  
L. LuAnn Minich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Association between cholesterol efflux capacity and peripheral artery disease in coronary heart disease patients with and without type 2 diabetes: from the CORDIOPREV study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena M. Yubero-Serrano ◽  
Juan F. Alcalá-Diaz ◽  
Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal ◽  
Antonio P. Arenas-de Larriva ◽  
Patricia J. Peña-Orihuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux Capacity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is recognized as a significant predictor of mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). In fact, coexisting PAD and CHD is strongly associated with a greater coronary event recurrence compared with either one of them alone. High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is found to be inversely associated with an increased risk of incident CHD. However, this association is not established in patients with PAD in the context of secondary prevention. In this sense, our main aim was to evaluate the association between CEC and PAD in patients with CHD and whether the concurrent presence of PAD and T2DM influences this association. Methods CHD patients (n = 1002) from the CORDIOPREV study were classified according to the presence or absence of PAD (ankle-brachial index, ABI ≤ 0.9 and ABI > 0.9 and < 1.4, respectively) and T2DM status. CEC was quantified by incubation of cholesterol-loaded THP-1 cells with the participants' apoB-depleted plasma was performed. Results The presence of PAD determined low CEC in non-T2DM and newly-diagnosed T2DM patients. Coexisting PAD and newly-diagnosed T2DM provided and additive effect providing an impaired CEC compared to non-T2DM patients with PAD. In established T2DM patients, the presence of PAD did not determine differences in CEC, compared to those without PAD, which may be restored by glucose-lowering treatment. Conclusions Our findings suggest an inverse relationship between CEC and PAD in CHD patients. These results support the importance of identifying underlying mechanisms of PAD, in the context of secondary prevention, that provide potential therapeutic targets, that is the case of CEC, and establishing strategies to prevent or reduce the high risk of cardiovascular events of these patients. Trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00924937. Unique Identifier: NCT00924937

Abstract 288: Novel Mechanisms of Non-coding Genomic Regulation Identified in Cardiac Disease-in-a-dish Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Kumar ◽  
Stephanie Thomas ◽  
Kirsten Wong ◽  
Kevin Tenerelli ◽  
Valentina Lo Sardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Attack ◽  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Isogenic Line ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Increased Risk

Genome-wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at gene loci that affect cardiovascular function, and while mechanisms in protein-coding loci are obvious, those in non-coding loci are difficult to determine. 9p21 is a recently identified locus associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction. Associations have implicated SNPs in altering smooth muscle and endothelial cell properties but have not identified adverse effects in cardiomyocytes (CMs) despite enhanced disease risk. Using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived CMs from patients that are homozygous risk/risk (R/R) and non-risk/non-risk (N/N) for 9p21 SNPs and either CAD positive or negative, we assessed CM function when cultured on hydrogels capable of mimicking the fibrotic stiffening associated with disease post-heart attack, i.e. “heart attack-in-a-dish” stiffening from 11 kiloPascals (kPa) to 50 kPa. While all CMs independent of genotype and disease beat synchronously on soft matrices, R/R CMs cultured on dynamically stiffened hydrogels exhibited asynchronous contractions and had significantly lower correlation coefficients versus N/N CMs in the same conditions. Dynamic stiffening reduced connexin 43 expression and gap junction assembly in R/R CMs but not N/N CMs. To eliminate patient-to-patient variability, we created an isogenic line by deleting the 9p21 gene locus from a R/R patient using TALEN-mediated gene editing, i.e. R/R KO. Deletion of the 9p21 locus restored synchronous contractility and organized connexin 43 junctions. As a non-coding locus, 9p21 appears to repress connexin transcription, leading to the phenotypes we observe, but only when the niche is stiffened as in disease. These data are the first to demonstrate that disease-specific niche remodeling, e.g. a “heart attack-in-a-dish” model, can differentially affect CM function depending on SNPs within a non-coding locus.

scholarly journals Hypertension and coronary artery disease in non-insulin dependent diabetes--cause and effect?

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. S126
Author(s):  
J S Yudkin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Log Linear

There is a log-linear increase in the risk of coronary heart disease with elevation of levels of blood pressure. Allowing for the phenomenon of regression dilution bias, this corresponds to around a 20 to 25% increase in risk for each 5 to 6 mm Hg elevation in usual diastolic blood pressure. In diabetic subjects, a similar relationship occurs, but of somewhat lesser degree. Recent overviews of therapy suggest that in nondiabetics, reducing blood pressure reverses around 50% of the excess coronary heart disease risk, but this has not yet been conclusively shown in patients with diabetes. The reduction in risk with therapy is a prerequisite to defining the antecedent as a causal influence on outcome, but it is as likely that the incomplete reversibility of excess risk represents other pathways of connection between hypertension and coronary heart disease as a consequent of iatrogenic effects of current treatments. Several alternative mechanisms are outlined, and the suggestion is made that only in the context of randomized controlled studies could the possible benefits on coronary heart disease of agents influencing such mechanisms be assessed.

Abstract P150: Association of Cholesterol Measures With Coronary Heart Disease Risk in Blacks and Whites in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study (regards)

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Zakai ◽  
Jessica Minnier ◽  
Monika M Safford ◽  
Lisandro Colantonio ◽  
Marguerite M Irvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Blacks And Whites

Introduction: Abnormal plasma lipid levels associate with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Race interaction for these associations are not established. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the association of HDL, LDL, and triglyceride with CHD is stronger in whites versus blacks. Methods: The REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort recruited 30,283 black and white individuals aged 45+ from the contiguous U.S. from 2003-7. Participants were followed until December 31, 2016 for CHD events (i.e., myocardial infarction or CHD death), participants with history of CHD at baseline were excluded. Cox regression models were used to assess the association between baseline lipids and incident CHD events adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Results: With 23,894 participants (57.8% white and 58.4% female, mean age 64.11± 9.32), over a median 9.9 years of follow-up, 1,487 CHD events occurred (615 among blacks). Overall, higher total Cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides were associated with increased risk of CHD in both blacks and whites with no evidence of a race interaction (Table 1). For HDL, the point estimate was more protective in whites (HR 0.90) than in blacks (HR 0.98), but the interaction was non-significant (p=0.15). However, when HDL was stratified into clinical categories (<40, 40-59, and ≥60), the reduction in point estimates was maintained among whites (HR 1.00, 0.88, and 0.74) but not among blacks (HR 1.00, 1.31, and 1.19) for HDL <40, 40-59, and ≥60 respectively, p-interaction 0.01. Conclusion: Total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides predict CHD risk equally in blacks and whites in the REGARDS study, however there is heterogeneity in the protective effect by race, especially when traditional clinical categories are used. In whites, higher HDL is associated with reduced risk, whereas in blacks the association is not maintained. These findings suggest that HDL levels are a more viable metric for white than blacks to predict CHD risk.

scholarly journals Associated Risk Factors for Depression and Anxiety in Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Five-Year Follow Up

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Kelly Hsieh ◽  
Haleigh M. Scott ◽  
Sumithra Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract A better understanding of the factors associated with depression and anxiety in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) is needed to provide guidelines for service providers, clinicians, and researchers as well as to improve the diagnostic process. The current study used a longitudinal dataset to explore demographic, health, and psychosocial risk factors of anxiety and depression in adults with IDD. Women were more likely to have depression while older adults, people with autism, and people with hearing impairments, were more likely to have anxiety. Chronic health conditions were associated with both anxiety and depression, while changes in stressful life events were associated with an increased risk of anxiety. Clinical and research contributions are discussed.

Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety in Parkinson Disease and Impact on Quality of Life: A Community-Based Study in Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fany Chuquilín-Arista ◽  
Tania Álvarez-Avellón ◽  
Manuel Menéndez-González
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Identifying neuropsychiatric disorders is essential for prompt treatment to reduce morbidity. Among these disorders, anxiety and depression have been frequently associated with Parkinson disease (PD), particularly among elderly population. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression in a series of community-based PD cases in Spain, their relationship with different clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, and quality of life. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive, survey-based study with 95 community-based patients with PD diagnosis at different disease stages. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory II, respectively. Quality of life was assessed using the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire 39. Results: The prevalence of depression and anxiety was 32.63% and 68.42%, respectively. Concomitant depression and anxiety were observed in 31.58% of patients. Patients with longer than 10 years’ PD duration had an increased risk of depression. We found a relationship between the presence of anxiety, depression, and the patient’s quality of life. Conclusions: Depression is present in one-third and anxiety in two-thirds of PD cases in community settings in Spain. Depression and anxiety have a very negative impact on quality of life in PD. Both anxiety and depression are independent from sociodemographic characteristics, patient’s comorbidities, or antiparkinsonian treatments; presenting as intrinsic symptoms in PD.

scholarly journals How should the ticagrelor be used? The point after the TWILIGHT and THEMIS-PCI studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_L) ◽  
pp. L72-L76
Author(s):  
Laura Gatto ◽  
Francesco Prati
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Face ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract The ticagrelor represents a cornerstone of antiplatelet therapy and its use has been supported, over the years, by several clinical trials that have enrolled thousands of patients; while the PLATO study initially demonstrated its effectiveness in the immediate treatment of acute coronary syndromes, the PEGASUS study documented the benefit of prolonging this treatment beyond 12 months from the heart attack. Over the past few months, two new randomized clinical trials have been published that have seen the use of ticagrelor in different clinical settings. The TWILIGHT study showed that in high-risk patients who completed 3 months of double antiplatelet drugs after coronary angioplasty, ticagrelor monotherapy is associated with a 44% reduction in the risk of clinically relevant bleeding in the absence of an increase in the ischaemic risk. The THEMIS study instead concluded that in the population of diabetics with stable coronary artery disease, but without a history of heart attack or stroke, a strategy that involves the addition of ticagrelor to the acetylsalicylic acid is not advisable as in the face of a benefit in the prevention of events ischaemic an increased risk of bleeding has been observed. Only in the subgroup of diabetic patients with a history of previous angioplasty would a more powerful antithrombotic therapy seem to be advantageous.

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