scholarly journals Risk Factors for Acquisition of Endemic Blastomycosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxym Choptiany ◽  
Lyle Wiebe ◽  
Bill Limerick ◽  
Pete Sarsfield ◽  
Mary Cheang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Collagen Vascular Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
History Of ◽  
Outdoor Worker ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: Blastomycosis is potentially fatal, but environmental risk factors for acquiring blastomycosis are not well established.METHOD: Matched cross-sectional questionnaire of 112 patients with history of blastomycosis and 118 control subjects in Manitoba and northwestern Ontario.RESULTS: The most common tissues involved with blastomycosis were pulmonary, skin and soft tissues, and bone. A significantly greater proportion of patients with blastomycosis than control subjects were involved in outdoor occupations. A significantly greater percentage of patients with blastomycosis were immunosuppressed either from collagen vascular disease or immunosuppressive therapy, or had hypothyroidism. A significant association between canine and human blastomycosis was not observed.CONCLUSIONS: Independent risk factors for development of blastomycosis included immunosuppression for any reason (including drugs or disease), collagen vascular disease, being an outdoor worker, and having a coworker with blastomycosis. Canine blastomycosis was not a risk factor for human disease in dog owners.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors for Severe Dehydration in Hospitalized Children in Ujjain, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Sharma ◽  
Aditya Mathur ◽  
Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg ◽  
Ashish Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Diarrhoea contributes significantly in the under-five childhood morality and mortality worldwide. This cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in Ujjain, India from July 2015 to June 2016. Consecutive children aged 1 month to 12 years having “some dehydration” and “dehydration” according to World Health Organization classification were eligible to be included in the study. Other signs and symptoms used to assess severe dehydration were capillary refill time, urine output, and abnormal respiratory pattern. A questionnaire was administered to identify risk factors for severe dehydration, which was the primary outcome. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to detect independent risk factors for severe dehydration. The study included 332 children, with mean ± standard deviation age of 25.62 ± 31.85 months; out of which, 70%(95% confidence interval [CI] 65 to 75) were diagnosed to have severe dehydration. The independent risk factors for severe dehydration were: child not exclusive breast fed in the first six months of life (AOR 5.67, 95%CI 2.51 to 12.78; p<0.001), history of not receiving oral rehydration solution before hospitalization (AOR 1.34, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.78; p=0.038), history of not receiving oral zinc before hospitalization (AOR 2.66, 95%CI 1.68 to 4.21; p<0.001) and living in overcrowded conditions (AOR 5.52, 95%CI 2.19 to 13.93; p<0.001). The study identified many risk factors associated with severe childhood dehydration; many of them are modifiable though known and effective public health interventions.

scholarly journals Incidence Risk Factors for Severe Dehydration in Hospitalized Children in Ujjain, India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Sharma ◽  
Aditya Mathur ◽  
Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg ◽  
Ashish Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Diarrhoea contributes significantly in the under-five childhood morality and mortality worldwide. This cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in Ujjain, India from July 2015 to June 2016. Consecutive children aged 1 month to 12 years having “some dehydration” and “dehydration” according to World Health Organization classification were eligible to be included in the study. Other signs and symptoms used to assess severe dehydration were capillary refill time, urine output, and abnormal respiratory pattern. A questionnaire was administered to identify risk factors for severe dehydration, which was the primary outcome. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to detect independent risk factors for severe dehydration. The study included 332 children, with mean ± standard deviation age of 25.62 ± 31.85 months; out of which, 70%(95% confidence interval [CI] 65 to 75) were diagnosed to have severe dehydration. The independent risk factors for severe dehydration were: child not exclusive breast fed in the first six months of life (AOR 5.67, 95%CI 2.51 to 12.78; p<0.001), history of not receiving oral rehydration solution before hospitalization (AOR 1.34, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.78; p=0.038), history of not receiving oral zinc before hospitalization (AOR 2.66, 95%CI 1.68 to 4.21; p<0.001) and living in overcrowded conditions (AOR 5.52, 95%CI 2.19 to 13.93; p<0.001). The study identified many risk factors associated with severe childhood dehydration; many of them are modifiable though known and effective public health interventions.

scholarly journals Risk factors for composite adverse outcomes of postpartum haemorrhage in a low-resource setting: a single-centre cross-sectional study in Mpilo Central Hospital, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Solwayo Ngwenya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Background: Primary postpartum haemorrhage continues to cause considerable global maternal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for composite adverse outcomes in postpartum haemorrhage using multivariable logistic regression. The findings could potentially be used to anticipate and prevent composite adverse outcomes in postpartum haemorrhage. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out at Mpilo Central Hospital, a government tertiary referral centre, covering the period 1 July 2016 to 30 November 2019. Participants were included in the study if they had a diagnosis of postpartum haemorrhage. Those variables that had a p<0.2 from the univariate logistic regression analyses were considered for multivariable logistic regression. The association between independent variables and the dependent variable was assessed using odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals, to identify independent risk factors for composite adverse outcomes in PPH. Results: The independent risk factors for composite adverse outcomes in postpartum haemorrhage were place of dwelling (AOR 4.57, 95% CI 1.87-11.12, p=0.01), prior history of a Caesarean section (AOR 2.57, 95% CI 1.10-6.00, p=0.03), APH (AOR 5.45, 95% CI 2.23-13.27, p<0.0001), antenatal haemoglobin level (AOR 19.64, 95% CI 1.44-268.50, p=0.03), and delivery by Caesarean section (AOR 10.21, 95% CI 4.39-23.74, p<0.0001). Blood loss was also an independent risk factor for composite adverse outcomes in postpartum haemorrhage with the following blood loss; 1001-1500 ml (AOR 9.94, 95% CI 3.68-26.88, p<0.0001), 500-1000 ml (AOR 41.27, 95% CI 11.32-150.54, p<0.0001), and 2001 ml (AOR 164.77, 95% CI 31.06-874.25, p<0.0001). Conclusions: This study found that the independent predictors for composite adverse outcomes in PPH were rural dwelling, prior history of a Caesarean section, antenatal haemoglobin level, delivery by Caesarean section, and blood. In low- and middle-income countries, such information should help in increasing clinical vigilance and preventing maternal deaths.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors for Severe Dehydration in Hospitalized Children in Ujjain, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 616
Author(s):  
Abhishek Sharma ◽  
Aditya Mathur ◽  
Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg ◽  
Ashish Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Diarrhoea contributes significantly to the under-five childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. This cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in Ujjain, India from July 2015 to June 2016. Consecutive children aged 1 month to 12 years having “some dehydration” and “dehydration” according to World Health Organization classification were eligible to be included in the study. Other signs and symptoms used to assess severe dehydration were capillary refill time, urine output, and abnormal respiratory pattern. A questionnaire was administered to identify risk factors for severe dehydration, which was the primary outcome. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to detect independent risk factors for severe dehydration. The study included 332 children, with mean ± standard deviation age of 25.62 ± 31.85 months; out of which, 70% (95% confidence interval [CI] 65 to 75) were diagnosed to have severe dehydration. The independent risk factors for severe dehydration were: child not exclusive breastfed in the first six months of life (AOR 5.67, 95%CI 2.51 to 12.78; p < 0.001), history of not receiving oral rehydration solution before hospitalization (AOR 1.34, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.78; p = 0.038), history of not receiving oral zinc before hospitalization (AOR 2.66, 95%CI 1.68 to 4.21; p < 0.001) and living in overcrowded conditions (AOR 5.52, 95%CI 2.19 to 13.93; p < 0.001). The study identified many risk factors associated with severe childhood dehydration; many of them are modifiable though known and effective public health interventions.

scholarly journals Differences in initial versus recurrent diabetic foot ulcers at a specialized tertiary diabetic foot care center in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 030006052098739
Author(s):  
Yuxia Cheng ◽  
Ping Zu ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Lintao Shi ◽  
Hongyan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Diabetes Duration ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Vascular Intervention ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Recurrence Group

Objective To investigate the characteristics of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) recurrence. Methods A total of 573 patients with DFUs were recruited and divided into an initial group (395 patients) and a recurrence group (178 patients). The factors related to recurrence were analyzed using multivariate regression. Results The recurrence group had longer diabetes duration (odds ratio [OR] 192; 95% confidence interval 120, 252 vs. 156; 96, 240); lower glycated hemoglobin levels (OR 8.1; 95% CI 6.8, 9.6 vs. 9.1; 7.4, 10.5), and higher rates than the initial group of amputation (37.5% vs. 2.0%), history of vascular intervention (21.3% vs. 3.9%), retinopathy (77.7% vs. 64.7%), callus (44.4% vs. 20.8%), foot deformity (51.2% vs. 24.6%), and outdoor sports shoe wearing (34.0% vs. 21.2%). Multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes duration (OR 1.004), callus (OR 2.769), vascular intervention (OR 2.824) and amputation (OR 22.256) were independent risk factors for DFU recurrence. Conclusion Diabetes duration, callus, history of vascular intervention, and amputation were independent risk factors for recurrent DFUs in a cohort of Chinese patients with active DFU. The prevention and treatment of DFUs, especially callus treatment, foot care, and blood glucose control, should be improved in China.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life in Chinese population with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a national multicenter survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Huang ◽  
Jian-Gao Fan ◽  
Jun-Ping Shi ◽  
Yi-Min Mao ◽  
Bing-Yuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL) is a multi-dimensional construct that can comprehensively evaluate the patient’s health status, including physical, emotional, mental and social well-being. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on HRQL in a Chinese population. Methods In this national multicenter cross-sectional survey, patients with NAFLD were enrolled. Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ)-NAFLD was used to qualify HRQL. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to identify independent risk factors of HRQL. Results A total of 5181 patients with NAFLD from 90 centers were enrolled in this study (mean age, 43.8 ± 13.3 years; male, 65.8%). The overall CLDQ score was 5.66 ± 0.89. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI: HR, 1.642; 95% CI, 1.330–2.026), alanine transaminase (ALT: HR, 1.006; 95% CI, 1.001–1.011), triglyceride (HR, 1.184; 95% CI, 1.074–1.305), disease severity (HR, 3.203; 95% CI, 1.418–7.232) and cardiovascular disease (HR, 4.305; 95% CI, 2.074–8.939) were independent risk factors for overall CLDQ score. In the logistic analyses of individual domain, BMI and triglyceride were independent risk factors of all domains. ALT, disease severity, diabetes, depression and cardiovascular disease were influencing factors for the CLDQ score of several domains. Conclusions This national multicenter cross-sectional survey in China indicated that the HRQL in patients with NAFLD was impaired. HRQL was found to be significantly associated with sociodemographic and clinical factors. Attention should be paid to the optimally managing care of patients with NAFLD to improve their HRQL.

Activities and risk factors associated with fall-related injuries among US Army soldiers

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001564
Author(s):  
Raina D Brooks ◽  
T Grier ◽  
B H Jones ◽  
M C Chervak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Near Falls ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Army Soldiers

IntroductionFalls/near falls are the second leading cause of hospitalisation and outpatient visits among US Army soldiers. While numerous studies have evaluated fall-related or near fall-related injuries among elderly adults, few have evaluated this association among young adults. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among male US Army soldiers.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of male US Army Airborne Division soldiers (n=5187). Electronic surveys captured demographic, lifestyle, physical training (PT), fitness and injury data during spring/summer of 2016. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors of fall-related or near fall-related injuries, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsPrimary findings indicated that activities and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among soldiers included younger age (≤35 years), holding a job that required minimal lifting activities, slower 2-mile run times and not running during personal PT.ConclusionsThe findings from this study suggest that male US Army soldiers and other physically active men may benefit from (1) obtaining and/or maintaining higher aerobic endurance and muscular strength, and (2) training focused on preventing fall-related injuries during PT, road marching and sports/recreational activities. Moreover, prevention strategies and education should further target younger soldiers (≤35 years old), as younger age is not modifiable.

scholarly journals Stroke prediction in patients presenting with isolated dizziness in the emergency department

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
June-sung Kim ◽  
Hong Jun Bae ◽  
Muyeol Kim ◽  
Shin Ahn ◽  
Chang Hwan Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Cerebrovascular Injury ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Record Review

AbstractDiagnosing stroke in patients experiencing dizziness without neurological deficits is challenging for physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of acute stroke in patients who presented with isolated dizziness without neurological deficits at the emergency department (ED), and determine the relevant stroke predictors in this population. This was an observational, retrospective record review of consecutive 2215 adult patients presenting with dizziness at the ED between August 2019 and February 2020. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for acute stroke. 1239 patients were enrolled and analyzed. Acute stroke was identified in 55 of 1239 patients (4.5%); most cases (96.3%) presented as ischemic stroke with frequent involvement (29.1%) of the cerebellum. In the multivariate analysis, the history of cerebrovascular injury (odds ratio [OR] 3.08 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.24 to 7.67]) and an age of > 65 years (OR 3.01 [95% CI 1.33 to 6.83]) were the independent risk factors for predicting acute stroke. The combination of these two risks showed a higher specificity (94.26%) than that of each factor alone. High-risk patients, such as those aged over 65 years or with a history of cerebrovascular injury, may require further neuroimaging workup in the ED to rule out stroke.

scholarly journals Prevalence of bone fracture and its association with severe hypoglycemia in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e002099
Author(s):  
Yuji Komorita ◽  
Masae Minami ◽  
Yasutaka Maeda ◽  
Rie Yoshioka ◽  
Toshiaki Ohkuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

IntroductionType 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with higher fracture risk. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between severe hypoglycemia and fracture risk in patients with T1D, and the results are controversial. Besides, none has investigated the risk factors for fracture in Asian patients with T1D. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of bone fracture and its relationship between severe hypoglycemia and other risk factors in Japanese patients with T1D.Research design and methodsThe single-center cross-sectional study enrolled 388 Japanese patients with T1D (mean age, 45.2 years; women, 60.4%; mean duration of diabetes, 16.6 years) between October 2019 and April 2020. The occurrence and circumstances of any fracture after the diagnosis of T1D were identified using a self-administered questionnaire. The main outcomes were any anatomic site of fracture and fall-related fracture. Severe hypoglycemia was defined as an episode of hypoglycemia that required the assistance of others to achieve recovery.ResultsA total of 92 fractures occurred in 64 patients, and 59 fractures (64%) were fall-related. Only one participant experienced fracture within the 10 years following their diagnosis of diabetes. In logistic regression analysis, the multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of a history of severe hypoglycemia were 2.11 (1.11 to 4.09) for any fracture and 1.91 (0.93 to 4.02) for fall-related fracture. Fourteen of 18 participants with multiple episodes of any type of fracture had a history of severe hypoglycemia (p<0.001 vs no fracture).ConclusionsWe have shown that a history of severe hypoglycemia is significantly associated with a higher risk of bone fracture in Japanese patients with T1D.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Hospitalized Stroke Patients of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Hossain ◽  
NU Ahmed ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
G Sadhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for stroke in hospitalized patient in a medical college hospital. 100 patients were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both urban (54%) and rural (46%) areas and most of them belong to the low-income group (47%). In occupational category; service holder (28%) and retired person (21%) were the highest groups. Most of the study subjects were literate (63%). CT scan study revealed that the incidence of ischaemic stroke was 61% and haemorrhagic stroke 39%. Analysis indicated hypertension as major risk factor for stroke (63%) and major portion of the patients (42.85%) were on irregular or no treatment. Twenty four percent of the patients had heart diseases and out of 24 patients 45.83% were suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The present study detected diabetes in 21% patients. Fifty three percent of the study subjects were smoker, 39% patients had habit of betelnut chewing. Out of 26 female patients, only 23% had history of using oral contraceptives. Majority of the patients were sedentary workers (46%). Thirty seven percent of the stroke patients were obese. Among the stroke patients 9% had previous history of stroke and 3% had TIA respectively. Most of the patients (21%) were awake while they suffered from stroke and the time of occurrence was mostly in the afternoon (46%). This study found that hypertension, cigarette smoking, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study. Key words: stroke; risk factors; hospitalized patients; Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7405 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 19-23

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