scholarly journals A Novel Design of Microstrip Arrays for Relay-Based Wireless Network

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Petropoulos ◽  
Konstantinos Voudouris ◽  
Raed A. Abd-Alhameed ◽  
Steve M. R. Jones ◽  
Nikos Athanasopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Network ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Backhaul Link ◽  
4G Wireless ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Access Link ◽  
Good Agreement

A relay station (RS) is a smart transceiver used under a 4G wireless network in order to extend network's coverage and capacity. It uses an antenna system that includes an antenna for connecting the relay with the end users (access link) and the RS with the base station (backhaul link). In this paper, a 7.9 dBi access and 11.4 dBi backhaul antennas are presented for the frequency range of 3.3 to 3.8 GHz. The antennas are simulated and fabricated, and relevant measured results in terms of return loss and radiation pattern are presented and analyzed. Considering that the planes of those two antennas are positioned in an angle (omega), two antenna configuration geometries are tested in terms of coupling. The experimental results of for several values of the angle show that the interaction between the radiating elements is dependent on their relative position. Simulated and experimental results are in good agreement, showing coupling typically less than −40 dB. A comparison in terms of coupling between the proposed antennas and commercial ones proves that the suggested antennas provide 10 dB lower coupling.

Patch antennas utilizing semi-insulating SiC for monolithic integration of the antenna subsystem on a SiC chip

2014 ◽  
Vol 1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tutku Karacolak ◽  
Rooban V. K. G. Thirumalai ◽  
Erdem Topsakal ◽  
Yaroslav Koshka
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Patch Antennas ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antennas ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Semiconductor Chip ◽  
Good Agreement

ABSTRACTSemi-insulating (SI) silicon carbide (SiC) was evaluated as a candidate material for dielectric substrate for patch antennas suitable for monolithic antenna integration on a SiC semiconductor chip. Computer simulations of the return loss were conducted to design microstrip patch antennas operating at 10 GHz. The antennas were fabricated using SI 4H-SiC substrates, with Ti-Pt-Au stacks for ground planes and patches. A good agreement between the experimental results and simulation was obtained. The radiation performance of the designed SiC based patch antennas was as good as that normally achieved from antennas fabricated using conventional RF materials such as FR4 and Rogers. The antennas had the gain around 2 dBi at 10 GHz, which is consistent with the conventional antennas of a similar size.

A Novel Design on Compact Slot Antenna with Multi-Band for WiMAX/WLAN Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 4455-4458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhu ◽  
Xiang Jun Gao ◽  
Long Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Coplanar Waveguide ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Slot Antenna ◽  
Radiation Patterns ◽  
Triple Frequency ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Multi Band

In this paper, a novel coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed and miniaturized slot antenna for triple-frequency operation is proposed and investigated, which is printed on a small 20mm×20mm FR4 substrate with thickness of 1.0 mm and relative permittivity of 4.3. Through loading different slits, three perfect operating bands of 2.4GHz-2.45GHz, 3.25GHz-4.15GHz and 5.05GHz-6.25GHz are achieved respectively, when return loss is less than-10dB. Experimental results show that the antenna gives monopole-like radiation patterns and good antenna gains over the operating bands. Such antennas is suitable for WLAN 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz and WiMAX 3.5/5.5 GHz applications.

scholarly journals Low Latency 5G Distributed Wireless Network Architecture: A Techno-Economic Comparison

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alhassan Gedel ◽  
Nnamdi I. Nwulu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wireless Network ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Distributed Antenna ◽  
Device To Device

The most profound requirements of fifth-generation (5G) technology implementations are the architecture design and the radio base station technology to capably run applications such as device-to-device, machine-to machine and internet of things at a reduced latency. Owing to these requirements, the implementation of 5G technology is very expensive to mobile network operators (MNO). In this study we modified the existing 4G network to form a distributed wireless network architecture (DWNA); the picocell and distributed antenna system were modified to support the enabling technology of 5G technology were a multi-edge computer (MEC), software-defined networking (SDN), massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), ultra-dense network (UDN), Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and device-to-device (D2D) communication at a reduced cost of ownership, improved coverage and capacity. We present a mathematical model for operational expenditure, capital expenditure and total cost of ownership (TCO) for the DWNA. A mathematical model for DWNA capacity and throughput was presented. Result shows that it is very economical for MNO to rent the space of the tower infrastructure from tower companies. The sensitivity analysis also shows a significant reduction in TCO for both the modified picocell and modified distributed antenna systems.

scholarly journals A Compact Novel Three-Port Integrated Wide and Narrow Band Antennas System for Cognitive Radio Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Anvesh Kumar ◽  
A. S. Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Uwb Antenna ◽  
Good Agreement

The design of a three-port radiating structure, integrating wide and narrow band antennas for cognitive radio applications, is presented. It consists of a UWB antenna for spectrum sensing and two narrow band antennas for wireless communication integrated on the same substrate. The UWB antenna covers the complete UWB spectrum (3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz) approved by FCC. In the two narrow band antennas, each antenna presents dual bands. In particular, the first narrowband antenna resonates at 6.5 GHz, covering the frequency band between 6.36 GHz and 6.63 GHz, and at 9 GHz, covering the frequency band between 8.78 GHz and 9.23 GHz, presenting minimum return loss values of 28.3 dB at 6.5 GHz and 20.5 dB at 9 GHz, respectively. Similarly, the second one resonates at 7.5 GHz, covering the frequency band between 7.33 GHz and 7.7 GHz, and at 9.5 GHz, covering the frequency band between 9.23 GHz and 9.82 GHz, presenting minimum return loss values of 19.6 dB at 7.5 GHz and 28.8 dB at 9.5 GHz, respectively. Isolation among the three antennas is less than −20 dB over the UWB frequency spectrum. These antennas are realized on a FR4 substrate of dimensions 30 mm × 30 mm × 1.6 mm. Experimental results show a good agreement between the simulated and measured results.

scholarly journals A Dual-Broadband Printed Dipole Antenna for 2G/3G/4G Base Station Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
XiongZhi Zhu ◽  
JinLing Zhang ◽  
Tong Cui ◽  
ZhanQi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Dipole Antenna ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Radiation Characteristics ◽  
Feed Point ◽  
Working Frequency ◽  
4G Wireless ◽  
Good Agreement

A new dual-broadband printed dipole antenna for base station applications is proposed in this communication. This antenna has three different dipoles with the same feed point and an extra parasitic strip. The two arms of the three dipoles are printed on opposite sides of the substrate and symmetrical on the centerline, but the parasitic strip at the end of the dipole is just put on one side. Besides, a U-shaped reflector is designed at the bottom of the antenna to realize good radiation characteristics in the working frequency. The simulated and measured results show good agreement. The two studied bands are both broadened which, respectively, achieve 36.7% (690–1000MHz) and 47.3% (1710–2770MHz) for the lower and higher bands so as to satisfy the 2G/3G/4G wireless communication, and the corresponding gains of 4-5dBi and 5-6dBi are also obtained.

scholarly journals Novel Design of Electromagnetic Bandgap Using Fractal Geometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huynh Nguyen Bao Phuong ◽  
Dao Ngoc Chien ◽  
Tran Minh Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Band Structure ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Fractal Geometry ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Electromagnetic Bandgap ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Good Agreement

A novel electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structural design based on Fractal geometry is presented in this paper. These Fractals, which are the Sierpinski triangles, are arranged to repeat each 60° to produce the hexagonal unit cells. By changing the gap between two adjacent Sierpinski triangles inside EBG unit cell, we can produce two EBG structures separately that have broadband and dual bandgap. By using the suspending microtrip method, two arrays 3 × 4 of EBG unit cells are utilized to investigate the bandgap of the EBG structures. The EBG operation bandwidth of the broadband structure is about 87% and of the dual-band structure is about 40% and 35% at the center bandgap frequencies, respectively. Moreover, a comparison between the broadband EBG and the conventional mushroom-like EBG has been done. Experimental results of the proposed design show good agreement in comparison with simulation results.

scholarly journals Compact Ultra-Wide Band MIMO Antenna System for Lower 5G Bands

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham AL-Saif ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Muhammad Tajammal Chughtai ◽  
Jamal Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Coupling ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Total Structure ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Array Geometry

This paper presents a novel compact 2 × 2 planar MIMO antenna system with ultra-wide band capability. Antenna system is specifically designed to target lower 5th generation operating bands ranging from 2 GHz to 12 GHz. This band also covers the IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac. The antenna array geometry has been simulated using CST MWS. The design is extremely miniaturized with total structure size of 13×25×0.254 mm3. The simulated and measured results have been presented. Measured and simulated return loss values for designed antenna are less than −10 dB over the operating band and lowest values of −35 dB and −32.5 dB can been seen at 5.2 GHz and 9.2 GHz, respectively, whereas at the center frequency the return loss is −25.2 dB. The mutual coupling between both elements is less than −20 dB over the transmission bandwidth. Simulated and measured radiation patterns in E and H planes at center frequency show nearly isotropic far fields. The maximum gain is measured as 4.8 dB. Promising results of Envelope Correlation Coefficient and gain diversity of the design have been achieved. Simulated and measured results are found in good agreement. The fractional bandwidth of antenna is measured as 143.2% which satisfies its ultra-wide band response.

scholarly journals Design and Development of Inverted U-Slot Rectangular Ring Coupled Monopole Microstrip Antenna for Quad Band Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1394-1397
Keyword(s):  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Microstrip Antennas ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Directional Radiation ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract: This paper present a novel design and development of inverted U-slot rectangular ring coupled monopole microstrip antenna (IURCMMA) for quad band operation. The monopole microstrip antennas are commonly designed for wide band operation. However, by placing the optimum ring slots in the form of slits on the radiating patch, the antenna can be made to operate at different frequency bands. The proposed antenna operates in the frequency range of 1.5 to 10 GHz with a peak gain of 8.69 dB and gives omni directional radiation pattern in both E and H planes. The measured and simulated results of return loss are in good agreement with each other. With these features the proposed antenna may find many applications at microwave frequency range. Keywords: Monopole, Rectangular, Bandwidth, Quad band , Gain.

Inducing Frictional Force to Enhance the Transient Response in Beams

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
Hamed Khanger Mina ◽  
Waleed K. Al-Ashtrai
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Transient Response ◽  
Frictional Force ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Tightening Force ◽  
Contact Areas ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Ansys Workbench

This paper studies the effect of contact areas on the transient response of mechanical structures. Precisely, it investigates replacing the ordinary beam of a structure by two beams of half the thickness, which are joined by bolts. The response of these beams is controlled by adjusting the tightening of the connecting bolts and hence changing the magnitude of the induced frictional force between the two beams which affect the beams damping capacity. A cantilever of two beams joined together by bolts has been investigated numerically and experimentally. The numerical analysis was performed using ANSYS-Workbench version 17.2. A good agreement between the numerical and experimental results has been obtained. In general, results showed that the two beams vibrate independently when the bolts were loosed and the structure stiffness is about 20 N/m and the damping ratio is about 0.008. With increasing the bolts tightening, the stiffness and the damping ratio of the structure were also increased till they reach their maximum values when the tightening force equals to 8330 N, where the structure now has stiffness equals to 88 N/m and the damping ratio is about 0.062. Beyond this force value, increasing the bolts tightening has no effect on stiffness of the structure while the damping ratio is decreased until it returned to 0.008 when the bolts tightening becomes immense and the beams behave as one beam of double thickness.

PHOTOINDUCED NONLINEAR OCTUPOLAR POLARIZATION: TRANSIENT AND PERMANENT REGIMES

1996 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 653-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
CÉLINE FIORINI ◽  
JEAN-MICHEL NUNZI ◽  
FABRICE CHARRA ◽  
IFOR D.W. SAMUEL ◽  
JOSEPH ZYSS
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Polar Field ◽  
Rotational Spectrum ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ethyl Violet ◽  
Disperse Red 1 ◽  
Good Agreement

An original poling method using purely optical means and based on a dual-frequency interference process is presented. We show that the coherent superposition of two beams at fundamental and second-harmonic frequencies results in a polar field with an irreducible rotational spectrum containing both a vector and an octupolar component. This enables the method to be applied even to molecules without a permanent dipole such as octupolar molecules. After a theoretical analysis of the process, we describe different experiments aiming at light-induced noncentrosymmetry performed respectively on one-dimensional Disperse Red 1 and octupolar Ethyl Violet molecules. Macroscopic octupolar patterning of the induced order is demonstrated in both transient and permanent regimes. Experimental results show good agreement with theory.

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