scholarly journals Synthesis of Activated Carbon Mesoporous from Coffee Waste and Its Application in Adsorption Zinc and Mercury Ions from Aqueous Solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 938-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Giraldo ◽  
Juan Carlos Moreno-Piraján
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Mercury Ions ◽  
Natural Properties ◽  
Coffee Waste ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Coffee Residues ◽  
Large Pore Size ◽  
Nitrogen Conditions

We obtain activated carbons with high portion of meso pores using coffee residues as precursor for the application of adsorption of large adsorbates. Because of its natural properties, the coffee residue exhibited a large pore size. In this work, the coffee residue were impregnated with ZnCl2and KOH, and then carbonized under the nitrogen conditions and activated with CO2respectively. Obtained activated carbons are used in the adsorption of ions Hg(II) and Zn(II). These adsorbents are efficacious to remove these ions from aqueous solution, with monocomponent equilibrium adsorption capacities ranging from from 0.002 to 0.380 mmol∙g-1for Hg on ACK3 and from 0.002 to 0.330 mmol∙g-1for ACZ3. For Zn(II) on ACK2 from 0.002 to 0.300 mmol∙g-1, and from 0.001 to 0.274 mmol∙g-1for ACZ2.

Ultra-high Rhodamine B adsorption capacities from an aqueous solution by activated carbon derived from Phragmites australis doped with organic acid by phosphoric acid activation

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (47) ◽  
pp. 40818-40827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zizhang Guo ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Hai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Activation

This study shows that oxalic acid (OA) and succinic acid (SA) were employed to modify Phragmites australis (PA)-based activated carbons (ACs) during phosphoric acid activation to improve Rhodamine B (RhB) removal from aqueous solutions.

Microwave Preparation of Modified Activated Carbons for Phenol Adsorption in Aqueous Solution

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1883-1889
Author(s):  
Brim Stevy Ondon ◽  
Bing Sun ◽  
Zhi Yu Yan ◽  
Xiao Mei Zhu ◽  
Hui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Microwave Energy ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Phenol Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Modified Activated Carbons

Microwave energy was used to prepare modified activated carbons (GAC, GAC/MW, GAC/Ni, and GAC/Cu). The modified activated carbons were used for phenol adsorption in aqueous solution. The adsorption conditions were optimized. Adsorption capacities of the different modified activated carbons were evaluated. The effect of microwave pretreatment of activated carbons was investigated. A comparative study on the activated carbons adsorption capacities was also investigated. Under optimal conditions the results showed that there was no obvious effect on activated carbons adsorption when rising temperature and pH during the adsorption process. Stirring has a very high effect on the activated carbons adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of the modified activated carbons reaches 95%. MW/GAC, GAC/Ni and GAC/Cu adsorptive capacity was higher compared to the Granulated Activated Carbon (GAC) used as received. GAC treated with microwave energy has highest adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of GAC loaded with ion Ni2+ is higher than the activated carbon loaded with Cu2+. The untreated GAC has the lowest adsorption capacity. These results can be explained by the effect of microwave irradiation on GAC.The activated carbon loaded with Ni2+ adsorbs more microwave energy than the GAC loaded with Cu2+.

scholarly journals Removal of Ni (II) from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Lapsi (Choerospondias axillaris) Seed Stone

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeshwar M. Shrestha ◽  
Margit Varga ◽  
Imre Varga ◽  
Amar P. Yadav ◽  
Bhadra P. Pokharel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Nickel Adsorption

Activated carbons were prepared from Lapsi seed stone by the treatment with H2SO4 and HNO3 for the removal of Ni (II) ions from aqueous solution. Two activated carbon have been prepared from Lapsi seed stones by treating with conc.H2SO4 and a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3 in the ratio of 1:1 by weight for removal of Ni(II) ions. Chemical characterization of the resultant activated carbons was studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Boehm titration which revealed the presence of oxygen containing surface functional groups like carboxyl, lactones and phenols in the carbons. The optimum pH for nickel adsorption is found to be 5. The adsorption data were better fitted with the Langmuir equations than Freundlich adsorption equation to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity of Ni (II) on the resultant activated carbons was 28.25.8 mg g-1 with H2SO4 and 69.49 mg g-1 with a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3. The waste material used in the preparation of the activated carbons is inexpensive and readily available. Hence the carbons prepared from Lapsi seed stones can act as potential low cost adsorbents for the removal of Ni (II) from water. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v9i1.10680Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 166–174

scholarly journals Removal of Orange G Dye from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption: A Short Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-327
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Orange G

Adsorption is a widely used technique for wastewater remediation. The process is effective and economical for the removal of various pollutants from wastewater, including dyes. Moreover, Besides commercial activated carbon, different low-cost materials such as agricultural and industrial wastes are now used as adsorbents. The present review focused on the removal of a teratogenic and carcinogenic dye, orange G (OG) via adsorption using several adsorbents, together with the experimental conditions and their adsorption capacities. Based on the information compiled, various adsorbents have shown promising potential for OG removal.

scholarly journals Innovative Activated Carbon Based on Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) and H3PO4

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aloysius Akaangee Pam
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Activating Agent

In this present work, a novel method for synthesis of palm kernel shell activated carbon was established using DES (choline chloride/urea)/H3PO4 as the activating agent. The pore characterization, morphology, and adsorption properties of the activated carbons were investigated. The activated carbon samples made from the same feedstock at two pyrolysis temperatures (500 and 600 °C) were compared for their ability to adsorb Pb(II) in aqueous solution. The results demonstrated that the production of the activated carbon and adsorptive properties were significantly influenced by the pyrolysis temperature and the ratio of precursor to activating agent. DES/H3PO4 activated carbon (having surface area 1413 m2/g and total pore volume 0.6181 cm3/g) demonstrated good Pb(II) removal. Although all the tested activated carbon samples adsorbed Pb(II) from aqueous solution, they demonstrated different adsorption capabilities according to their various properties. The pyrolysis temperature, however, showed little influence on the activated carbon adsorption of Pb(II) when compared to the impregnation ratio. Their good desorption performance perhaps resulted from the porous structure.

scholarly journals SILOXANES REMOVAL FROM BIOGAS USING ACTIVATED CARBON

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Vagenknechtová ◽  
Karel Ciahotný ◽  
Veronika Vrbová
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Sludge ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Purification Equipment

SiO<sub>2</sub> deposits which cause technical problems on combustion equipment are built by combustion of biogas containing siloxanes. Therefore, in these cases, the siloxanes must be removed from the biogas. For siloxane removal from biogas, its adsorption on activated carbon is often used. After saturation, the saturated adsorbent must be replaced. The adsorbent cost constitutes the main part of the operational costs of the purification equipment. Therefore it is necessary to find an adsorbent having high adsorption capacity for siloxane at a possible low price. Using laboratory apparatus and biogas produced from waste-water treatment sludge at the wastewater treatment plant Prague Bubenec various activated carbons were tested for siloxane removal and their adsorption capacities for siloxanes were estimated, and the adsorbent cost relative to 1 kg of siloxanes removed from biogas were calculated. The lowest price for the removal of 1 kg of siloxanes was determined by Chezacarb, Sil Extra 40 AP and 4–60 adsorbents. Another important information obtained from the test is that the weakly adsorbed siloxane (OMCTS) is displaced by the larger molecule of DMCPCS during adsorption.

scholarly journals Effects of Maturity of Coconut Shells on Gold Adsorption Efficiencies of Derived Activated Carbons

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
W. K. Buah ◽  
J. Darmey ◽  
F. Osei
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Cyanide Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Relative Hardness ◽  
Coconut Shells ◽  
Activation Times ◽  
Adsorption Rates

AbstractCoconut shells are used as precursors for preparation of activated carbons. The shells could vary in terms of their maturity. The influence of the maturity of the shells on gold adsorption efficiencies of derived activated carbons (ACs) from gold di-cyanide solution was investigated. The shells were pyrolysed at 900 ºC and the resulting chars were activated in steam at the same temperature for different durations. Assessment of the properties of the derived ACs revealed that; the hardness, gold adsorption capacities and rates of gold adsorption of the ACs depended on the maturity of the shells. The more matured the shells the harder the AC. The relative hardness and gold adsorption rates of the mature coconut shells activated carbons, HMand RM, respectively and those of the less mature shells, HLand RL, respectively were in the order of HM >HL and RM >RL. The relative hardness of the ACs derived from the more mature and less mature shells after 3 hrs activation were 99.3% and 94.0%, respectively and the gold adsorption rates were 5.78 mg Au/hr/gand 4.95 mg Au/hr/g, respectively. The adsorption rates and relative hardness depended on the duration of activation, where longer activation times resulted in increase in the adsorption rates and a decrease in relative hardness of the derived ACs. Keywords: Adsorption, Activated Carbon, Coconut Shells, Maturity, Relative Hardness

scholarly journals Parabens Adsorption onto Activated Carbon: Relation with Chemical and Structural Properties

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 4313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Roxanna Moreno-Marenco ◽  
Liliana Giraldo ◽  
Juan Carlos Moreno-Piraján
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Co2 Atmosphere

Parabens (alkyl-p-hidroxybenzoates) are antimicrobial preservatives used in personal care products, classified as an endocrine disruptor, so they are considered emerging contaminants. A raw version of activated carbons obtained from African palm shell (Elaeis guineensis) modified chemically by impregnation with salts of CaCl2 (GC2), MgCl2 (GM2) and Cu(NO3)2 (GCu2) at 2% wt/v and carbonized in CO2 atmosphere at 1173 K was prepared. The process of adsorption of methyl (MePB) and ethylparaben (EtPB) from aqueous solution on the activated carbons at 18 °C was studied and related to the interactions between the adsorbate and the adsorbent, which can be quantified through the determination of immersion enthalpies in aqueous solutions of corresponding paraben, showing the lowest-value carbon GM2, which has a surface area of 608 m2 × g−1, while the highest values correspond to the activated carbon GCu2, with a surface area of 896 m2 × g−1 and the highest content of surface acid sites (0.42 mmol × g−1), such as lactonic and phenolic compounds, which indicates that the adsorbate–adsorbent interactions are favored by the presence of these, with interaction enthalpies that vary between 5.72 and 51.95 J × g−1 for MePB adsorption and 1.24 and 52.38 J × g−1 for EtPB adsorption showing that the process is endothermic.

Adsorption of micropollutants onto fibrous activated carbon: association of ultrafiltration and fibers

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Brasquet ◽  
J. Roussy ◽  
E. Subrenat ◽  
P. Le Cloirec
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Mass Transfer Resistance ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Original Approach

The adsorption of polluted solutions is performed by different kinds of activated carbon: grains, powder and fibers (cloth or felt). The adsorption is carried out in a batch reactor. Classic models are applied and kinetic constants are calculated. Results showed that the performance of fiber activated carbon (FAC) is significantly higher than that of granular activated carbon (GAC). Moreover, FAC's adsorption capacities of phenol are greater than GAC's. Therefore the application of FAC adsorbers may lead to smaller adsorption reactors. The breakthrough curves obtained with FAC adsorbers are particularly steep, suggesting a smaller mass transfer resistance than GAC. The adsorption zone in the FAC bed is about 3.4 mm and is not dependent on the flow rate within the range 0.67 - 2.07 m.h−1. The selectivity of the FAC between different size of soluble molecules is shown. Then, an Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane is coupled with FAC to remove successively macromolecules (humic substances) and phenols present together in an aqueous solution. This new and original approach to a water treatment compact process successfully put to use. Industrial developments are put forward.

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