scholarly journals Development of Immunopathogenesis Strategies to Treat Behçet’s Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Köse
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Biologic Agents ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Unclear Etiology ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Disease Understanding ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Behçet disease is a chronic relapsing vasculitis with unclear etiology and immunopathogenesis. Antigenic stimuli, antigen presenting cells, T cells, monocyte, and neutrophil and endothelial cells are major parts of the pathology of the disease. Understanding of the new pathogenic mechanisms based on molecular structure of the disease helps us in improving the novel therapeutic modalities. These drugs target specific and nonspecific inhibition of the immun system. These therapies include biologic agents, new topical and systemic immunosuppressants, tolerizing agents, and immunoablation. Novel treatment will be promising to treat the especially recalcitrant cases to conventional therapy. In this paper, new aspect of the immunopathogenesis of Behçet’s diseases and novel treatment modalities will be discussed.

Novel treatment opportunities in Graves’ orbitopathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (33) ◽  
pp. 1295-1300
Author(s):  
Annamária Erdei ◽  
Annamária Gazdag ◽  
Miklós Bodor ◽  
Eszter Berta ◽  
Mónika Katkó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Graves Orbitopathy ◽  
Cd20 Antibody ◽  
Anti Cd20 ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Graves’ orbitopathy is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease. Up to now, curative treatment modalities for the most severe sight-threatening cases have not been developed. Here the authors summarize the treatment protocol of Graves’ orbitopathy and review novel therapeutic options. They review the literature on this topic and present their own clinical experience. The authors point out that anti-CD20 antibody could positively influence the clinical course of Graves’ orbitopathy. Selenium is efficient in mild cases. Further prospective investigations are warranted. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(33), 1295–1300.

scholarly journals Recent advances in nanotheranostics for triple negative breast cancer treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Thakur ◽  
Rajaletchumy Veloo Kutty
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Recent Advances

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most complex and aggressive type of breast cancer encountered world widely in women. Absence of hormonal receptors on breast cancer cells necessitates the chemotherapy as the only treatment regime. High propensity to metastasize and relapse in addition to poor prognosis and survival motivated the oncologist, nano-medical scientist to develop novel and efficient nanotherapies to solve such a big TNBC challenge. Recently, the focus for enhanced availability, targeted cellular uptake with minimal toxicity is achieved by nano-carriers. These smart nano-carriers carrying all the necessary arsenals (drugs, tracking probe, and ligand) designed in such a way that specifically targets the TNBC cells at site. Articulating the targeted delivery system with multifunctional molecules for high specificity, tracking, diagnosis, and treatment emerged as theranostic approach. In this review, in addition to classical treatment modalities, recent advances in nanotheranostics for early and effective diagnostic and treatment is discussed. This review highlighted the recently FDA approved immunotherapy and all the ongoing clinical trials for TNBC, in addition to nanoparticle assisted immunotherapy. Futuristic but realistic advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning not only improve early diagnosis but also assist clinicians for their workup in TNBC. The novel concept of Nanoparticles induced endothelial leakiness (NanoEL) as a way of tumor invasion is also discussed in addition to classical EPR effect. This review intends to provide basic insight and understanding of the novel nano-therapeutic modalities in TNBC diagnosis and treatment and to sensitize the readers for continue designing the novel nanomedicine. This is the first time that designing nanoparticles with stoichiometric definable number of antibodies per nanoparticle now represents the next level of precision by design in nanomedicine.

scholarly journals MiRNA10b-directed nanotherapy effectively targets brain metastases from breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Byunghee Yoo ◽  
Alana Ross ◽  
Pamela Pantazopoulos ◽  
Zdravka Medarova
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Metastatic Colonization

AbstractRNA interference represents one of the most appealing therapeutic modalities for cancer because of its potency, versatility, and modularity. Because the mechanism is catalytic and affects the expression of disease-causing antigens at the post-transcriptional level, only small amounts of therapeutic need to be delivered to the target in order to exert a robust therapeutic effect. RNA interference is also advantageous over other treatment modalities, such as monoclonal antibodies or small molecules, because it has a much broader array of druggable targets. Finally, the complementarity of the genetic code gives us the opportunity to design RNAi therapeutics using computational, rational approaches. Previously, we developed and tested an RNAi-targeted therapeutic, termed MN-anti-miR10b, which was designed to inhibit the critical driver of metastasis and metastatic colonization, miRNA-10b. We showed in animal models of metastatic breast cancer that MN-anti-miR10b accumulated into tumors and metastases in the lymph nodes, lungs, and bone, following simple intravenous injection. We also found that treatment incorporating MN-anti-miR10b was effective at inhibiting the emergence of metastases and could regress already established metastases in the lymph nodes, lungs, and bone. In the present study, we extend the application of MN-anti-miR10b to a model of breast cancer metastatic to the brain. We demonstrate delivery to the metastatic lesions and obtain evidence of a therapeutic effect manifested as inhibition of metastatic progression. This investigation represents an additional step towards translating similar RNAi-targeted therapeutics for the systemic treatment of metastatic disease.

scholarly journals Finding an easy way to harmonize: a review of advances in clinical research and combination strategies of EZH2 inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Yueqing Gong ◽  
Tengrui Zhang ◽  
Jiaqi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Combination Strategies ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Individual

AbstractEnhancer of zeste homolog 2 inhibitors (EZH2i) have garnered increased attention owing to their anticancer activity by targeting EZH2, a well-known cancer-promoting factor. However, some lymphomas are resistant to EZH2i, and EZH2i treatment alone is ineffective in case of EZH2-overexpressing solid tumors. The anti-cancer efficacy of EZH2i may be improved through safe and effective combinations of these drugs with other treatment modalities. Preclinical evidence indicates that combining EZH2i with other therapies, such as immunotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and endocrine therapy, has complementary or synergistic antitumor effects. Therefore, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of the individual constituents of the combination therapies is fundamental for their clinical application. In this review, we have summarized notable clinical trials and preclinical studies using EZH2i, their progress, and combinations of EZH2i with different therapeutic modalities, aiming to provide new insights for tumor treatment.

scholarly journals Belantamab Mafodotin to Treat Multiple Myeloma: A Comprehensive Review of Disease, Drug Efficacy and Side Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 640-660
Author(s):  
Grace Lassiter ◽  
Cole Bergeron ◽  
Ryan Guedry ◽  
Julia Cucarola ◽  
Adam M. Kaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Refractory Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Clonal Proliferation ◽  
Refractory State

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by excessive clonal proliferation of plasma cells. The treatment of multiple myeloma presents a variety of unique challenges due to the complex molecular pathophysiology and incurable status of the disease at this time. Given that MM is the second most common blood cancer with a characteristic and unavoidable relapse/refractory state during the course of the disease, the development of new therapeutic modalities is crucial. Belantamab mafodotin (belamaf, GSK2857916) is a first-in-class therapeutic, indicated for patients who have previously attempted four other treatments, including an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, a proteosome inhibitor, and an immunomodulatory agent. In November 2017, the FDA designated belamaf as a breakthrough therapy for heavily pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. In August 2020, the FDA granted accelerated approval as a monotherapy for relapsed or treatment-refractory multiple myeloma. The drug was also approved in the EU for this indication in late August 2020. Of note, belamaf is associated with the following adverse events: decreased platelets, corneal disease, decreased or blurred vision, anemia, infusion-related reactions, pyrexia, and fetal risk, among others. Further studies are necessary to evaluate efficacy in comparison to other standard treatment modalities and as future drugs in this class are developed.

New Therapeutics for Ulcerative Colitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Robert P. Hirten ◽  
Bruce E. Sands
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing and remitting inflammatory disease of the colon with a variable course. Despite advances in treatment, only approximately 40% of patients achieve clinical remission at the end of a year, prompting the exploration of new treatment modalities. This review explores novel therapeutic approaches to UC, including promising drugs in various stages of development, efforts to maximize the efficacy of currently available treatment options, and non-medication-based modalities. Treatment approaches which show promise in impacting the future of UC management are highlighted.

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