scholarly journals Maternal Distress during Pregnancy and Offspring Childhood Overweight

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Glejsted Ingstrup ◽  
Camilla Schou Andersen ◽  
Teresa Adeltoft Ajslev ◽  
Pernille Pedersen ◽  
Thorkild I. A. Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Maternal Distress ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background. Maternal distress during pregnancy increases the intrauterine level of glucocorticoids, which may have long-term health consequences for the child.Objective. To examine if distress as a combined measure of anxiety, depression, and stress of the mother during pregnancy was associated with offspring childhood overweight at age 7.Methods. We performed a cohort study using prospective data from 37,764 women and child dyads from the Danish National Birth Cohort (1996–2002). At a telephone interview at approximately 30 weeks gestation, the women reported whether they felt anxious, depressed, or stressed. The 95 percentile for body mass index in an international reference defined childhood overweight at any given age. Logistic regression was used for the analyses.Results. The prevalence of overweight children at 7 years of age was 9.9%. Prenatal exposure to maternal distress during pregnancy was not associated with childhood overweight at 7 years of age (adjusted OR 1.06 (95% CI 0.96; 1.18)). In analyses stratified on sex, a small tendency of overweight was seen in boys (OR 1.15 (0.99; 1.33)), but not in girls (OR 0.98 (0.85; 1.13)).Conclusions. Maternal distress during pregnancy appeared to have limited, if any, influence on the risk of overweight in offspring at 7 years of age.

Changes in body mass index and risk of adolescent psychopathology: a longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
I. Cotter ◽  
C. Healy ◽  
R. King ◽  
DR. Cotter ◽  
M. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract Background. Abnormal body mass index (BMI) has been associated with development of psychopathology. This association in children is well documented, for both overweight and underweight children. However, the association between change in BMI and the development of psychopathology has been less investigated. Aim. To investigate the association between change in BMI between childhood and adolescence and psychopathology in adolescence. Methods. Data from the Growing Up in Ireland cohort were used. We investigated the ’98 cohort (also known as the child cohort) at age 9/13. BMI, defined using internationally recognised definitions as underweight, healthy or overweight, was used as the exposure, and abnormal Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire scores were used as the outcome. Logistic regression was undertaken for the analysis. All analyses were adjusted for confounders. Results. A change to overweight from healthy BMI was significantly associated with increased risk of psychopathology (adjusted OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.19–2.32). Both change from underweight to healthy (adjusted OR 0.12; 95% CI 0.03–0.43) or from overweight to healthy (adjusted OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.79–0.8) was associated with a significantly reduced risk of developing psychopathology. Discussion. As a child’s BMI returns to within the healthy range, their risk of adolescent psychopathology is reduced. Interventions to restore healthy BMI, in both underweight and overweight, children may reduce their risk of adolescent psychopathology.

scholarly journals Long-term body mass index changes in overweight and obese adults and the risk of heart failure, cardiovascular disease and mortality: a cohort study of over 260,000 adults in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Iyen ◽  
Stephen Weng ◽  
Yana Vinogradova ◽  
Ralph K. Akyea ◽  
Nadeem Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Although obesity is a well-recognised risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the impact of long-term body mass index (BMI) changes in overweight or obese adults, on the risk of heart failure, CVD and mortality has not been quantified. Methods This population-based cohort study used routine UK primary care electronic health data linked to secondary care and death-registry records. We identified adults who were overweight or obese, free from CVD and who had repeated BMI measures. Using group-based trajectory modelling, we examined the BMI trajectories of these individuals and then determined incidence rates of CVD, heart failure and mortality associated with the different trajectories. Cox-proportional hazards regression determined hazards ratios for incident outcomes. Results 264,230 individuals (mean age 49.5 years (SD 12.7) and mean BMI 33.8 kg/m2 (SD 6.1)) were followed-up for a median duration of 10.9 years. Four BMI trajectories were identified, corresponding at baseline, with World Health Organisation BMI classifications for overweight, class-1, class-2 and class-3 obesity respectively. In all four groups, there was a small, stable upwards trajectory in BMI (mean BMI increase of 1.06 kg/m2 (± 3.8)). Compared with overweight individuals, class-3 obese individuals had hazards ratios (HR) of 3.26 (95% CI 2.98–3.57) for heart failure, HR of 2.72 (2.58–2.87) for all-cause mortality and HR of 3.31 (2.84–3.86) for CVD-related mortality, after adjusting for baseline demographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion The majority of adults who are overweight or obese retain their degree of overweight or obesity over the long term. Individuals with stable severe obesity experience the worst heart failure, CVD and mortality outcomes. These findings highlight the high cardiovascular toll exacted by continuing failure to tackle obesity.

scholarly journals Body-mass index and long-term risk of sepsis-related mortality: a population-based cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults

Critical Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Weng ◽  
Junning Fan ◽  
Canqing Yu ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Zheng Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Related Mortality

scholarly journals Social participation and the combination of future needs for long-term care and mortality among older Japanese people: a prospective cohort study from the Aichi Gerontological Evaluation Study (AGES)

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e030500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sei Takahashi ◽  
Toshiyuki Ojima ◽  
Katsunori Kondo ◽  
Sayaka Shimizu ◽  
Shunichi Fukuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Term Care

ObjectivesOur study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between social participation and both mortality and the need for long-term care (LTC) simultaneously.DesignA prospective cohort study with 9.4 years of follow-up.SettingSix Japanese municipalities.ParticipantsThe participants were 15 313 people who did not qualify to receive LTC insurance at a baseline based on the data from the Aichi Gerontological Evaluation Study (AGES, 2003–2013). They received a questionnaire to measure social participation and other potential confounders. Social participation was defined as participating in at least one organisation from eight categories.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcomes were classified into three categories at the end of the 9.4 years observational period: living without the need for LTC, living with the need for LTC and death. We estimated the adjusted OR (AOR) using multinomial logistic regression analyses with adjustment for possible confounders.ResultsThe primary analysis included 9741 participants. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that social participation was associated with a significantly lower risk of the need for LTC (AOR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.97) or death (AOR 0.78, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.88).ConclusionsSocial participation may be associated with a decreased risk of the need for LTC and mortality among elderly patients.

Body Mass Index Variability and Long-term Risk of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in the General Population: A Korean Nationwide Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong-Min Lim ◽  
Pil-Sung Yang ◽  
Eunsun Jang ◽  
Hee Tae Yu ◽  
Tae-Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Onset Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
New Onset

scholarly journals The association between body mass index and severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247023
Author(s):  
Kulapong Jayanama ◽  
Sirawat Srichatrapimuk ◽  
Kanin Thammavaranucupt ◽  
Suppachok Kirdlarp ◽  
Supawadee Suppadungsuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Icu Stay ◽  
Underweight Patients

Objectives The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a worst pandemic. The clinical characteristics vary from asymptomatic to fatal. This study aims to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) levels and the severity of COVID-19. Methods and study design A cohort study included 147 adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 were categorized into 4 groups by BMI levels on admission: <18.5 (underweight), 18.5–22.9 (normal weight), 23.0–24.9 (overweight), and ≥25.0 kg/m2 (obese). Rates of pneumonia, severe pneumonia, acute kidney injury (AKI), and ICU stay during hospitalization across BMI group was determined. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between BMI and severe pneumonia. Results Of the totals, patients having a BMI <18.5, 18.5–22.9, 23.0–24.9, and ≥25.0 kg/m2 were 12.9%, 38.1%, 17.7%, and 31.3%, respectively. The rates of pneumonia and severe pneumonia tended to be higher in patients with higher BMI, whereas the rates of AKI and ICU stay were higher in patients with BMI <18.5 kg/m2 and ≥ 25 kg/m2, when compared to patients with normal BMI. After controlling for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia in the logistic regression analysis, having a BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2 was associated with higher risk of severe pneumonia (OR 4.73; 95% CI, 1.50–14.94; p = 0.003) compared to having a BMI 18.5–22.9 kg/m2. During admission, elevated hemoglobin and alanine aminotransferase levels on day 7 and 14 of illness were associated with higher BMI levels. In contrast, rising of serum creatinine levels was observed in underweight patients on days 12 and 14 of illness. Conclusions Obesity in patients with COVID-19 was associated with severe pneumonia and adverse outcomes such as AKI, transaminitis and ICU stay. Underweight patients should be closely monitored for AKI. Further studies in body composition are warranted to explore the links between adiposity and COVID-19 pathogenesis.

scholarly journals A prospective cohort study of maternal body mass index and maternal and neonatal outcomes in Fiji

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Black ◽  
Jyotishna Mudaliar ◽  
Pushpa Nusair ◽  
Ian Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes

Abstract Background: Maternal obesity is highly prevalent in Fiji and the perinatal and long-term consequences are likely to be significant. We investigated the relationship between maternal body mass index and maternal and neonatal outcomes and birth weight centiles in Fijian women. Aims: We sought to use the Intergrowth 21 st (IG21) standard to record the proportion of babies born over the 90 th centile and to examine the association of other maternal and neonatal outcomes with normal weight, overweight and obesity amongst women presenting for antenatal care at the Colonial War Memorial Hospital in Fiji. Methods: From January 2014 – December 2015 we undertook a prospective cohort study that used a structured questionnaire to collect data on women presenting for antenatal care. Body weight was recorded at the booking visit and adjusted to estimated pre-pregnancy bodyweight based on gestation at booking. Midwives collected follow up data regarding the outcomes of these pregnancies and we used the IG21 standard to estimate birthweight centiles. Results: Of the 1397 records, 79 women were underweight and were excluded for detailed analysis. For the remaining 1318 cases detailed pregnancy and follow-up data were available. Compared to normal weight women overweight women were older, parous and were more likely to have pregnancy-related hypertension and were more likely to have an induction of labour. A sixth (n=224;16.7%) of the babies were above the 90 th centile of birthweight according to IG21 standard and as maternal BMI class increased, the odds of the baby’s birthweight being > 90 th centile increased. Compared to normal weight women, women with class II or II obesity were three times more likely to have a baby over the 90 th centile (AOR 3.053; CI 1.907-4.889). Conclusions: A significant proportion of babies born in Fiji are large for gestational age which predisposes them to long term adverse metabolic health outcomes. Addressing maternal obesity before pregnancy is going to be key if Fiji is to curb the growing trend in child and adult obesity and metabolic disease in later life.

scholarly journals Body mass index and clinical outcomes in patients after ischaemic stroke in South Korea: a retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e028880
Author(s):  
HeeKyoung Choi ◽  
Hyo Suk Nam ◽  
Euna Han
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Related Mortality

ObjectivesAlthough obesity is a risk factor for stroke, its impact on mortality in patients with stroke remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality due to ischaemic stroke among adults aged 20 years and above in Korea.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingA tertiary-hospital-based stroke registry linked to the death records.Participants3599 patients admitted for ischaemic stroke from January 2007 to June 2013.Outcome measuresThe HRs for all-cause and stroke-related mortality were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. Progression from stroke-related mortality was assessed using the Fine-Grey competing risk model, treating other-cause mortality as a competing risk. Adjustments were made for age, gender, smoking status, Charlson comorbidity index, cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular comorbidities, stroke severity, severity related to other medical conditions, complications and enrolment year. We repeated the analysis with stratification based on age groups (less than 65 vs 65 years and above).ResultsFor stroke-related mortality, there was no significant difference among the four BMI groups. The risk of all-cause mortality was 36% higher in the underweight group than in the normal weight group (long-term HR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.79), whereas the mortality risk of the obese group was significantly lower (HR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.81). Although this relationship was not estimated in the younger group, it was found that obesity had a protective effect on the all-cause mortality in the elderly (long-term HR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.52 to 0.83).ConclusionsObesity is more likely to reduce mortality risk than normal weight, especially in elderly patients.

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