scholarly journals DNA-Platinum Thin Films for Use in Chemoradiation Therapy Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rezaee ◽  
Elahe Alizadeh ◽  
Darel Hunting ◽  
Léon Sanche
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Chemoradiation Therapy ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Dna Films ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Dna Platination

Dry films of platinum chemotherapeutic drugs covalently bound to plasmid DNA (Pt-DNA) represent a useful experimental model to investigate direct effects of radiation on DNA in close proximity to platinum chemotherapeutic agents, a situation of considerable relevance to understand the mechanisms underlying concomitant chemoradiation therapy. In the present paper we determine the optimum conditions for preparation of Pt-DNA films for use in irradiation experiments. Incubation conditions for DNA platination reactions have a substantial effect on the structure of Pt-DNA in the films. The quantity of Pt bound to DNA as a function of incubation time and temperature is measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Our experiments indicate that chemical instability and damage to DNA in Pt-DNA samples increase when DNA platination occurs at37°Cfor 24 hours, the condition which has been extensively used for in vitro studies. Platination of DNA for the formation of Pt-DNA films is optimal at room temperature for reaction times less than 2 hours. By increasing the concentration of Pt compounds relative to DNA and thus accelerating the rate of their mutual binding, it is possible to prepare Pt-DNA samples containing known concentrations of Pt while reducing DNA degradation caused by more lengthy procedures.

scholarly journals In Vitro Ion Release of Wires in Removable Orthodontic Appliances

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3402
Author(s):  
Lena Wepner ◽  
Harald Andreas Färber ◽  
Andreas Jaensch ◽  
Anna Weber ◽  
Florian Heuser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Corrosive Medium ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Corrosive Solution

Various orthodontic wire compositions and configurations are present on the market for removable appliances; however, there have still been only few studies focusing on the effect of resin color and additives such as glitter on corrosion of metallic wires under different conditions. Thus, the aim of the study was to compare concentrations of released ions (aluminium, chromium, nickel) in a corrosive medium under three different conditions: non-loaded wires, loaded wires, and non-loaded wires treated with Kukis® cleaning tablets. Six different wires made of three types of steel alloy were embedded in PMMA resin leaving one centimetre of each wire emerging from the resin to come into contact with the corrosive medium. Glitter particles were added to half of the produced test specimens. For the unloaded test series, five specimens of each group were covered in a petri dish with 50 mL of corrosive medium (pH 2.3) following EN-ISO 10271 for seven days at 37 °C. The wires for the mechanically loaded test specimens overlapped the resin by 5 cm and were clamped into a time-switched electric drive for a defined period of time before the samples were taken after a testing time of 7 days. In the third group, unloaded test specimens were transferred from their petri dishes into the prepared Kukis® solution every 24 h before being stored in the corrosive medium. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to quantify the specific ions in the corrosive solution. Statistical analysis showed that the mechanical loading of all wires could significantly raise the diffusion of ions into the corrosive medium. The colour of the resin did not affect the concentration of the released ions. The Kukis® cleaning tabs could not lower the corrosion of the tested metals, as some of the wires were corroded even more using the brace cleanser. Glitter-containing test specimens showed significantly higher amounts of aluminium. Mechanical loading as well as the presence of glitter particles in the resin significantly affected ion concentrations.

scholarly journals Chemistry of Tropical Eucheumatoids: Potential for Food and Feed Applications

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Andrea Ariano ◽  
Nadia Musco ◽  
Lorella Severino ◽  
Anna De Maio ◽  
Annabella Tramice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Food And Feed

The use of seaweeds as additives in animal nutrition may be a valid option to traditional feed as they represent a rich source of minerals, carbohydrates and antioxidants. The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant capacity of two tropical eucheumatoids, Kappaphycus alvarezii and Kappaphycus striatus, in Malaysian wild offshore waters. The chemical analysis was performed via inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy for evaluating the concentration of toxic (Cd, Pb, Hg, As) and essential elements (Mn, Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, Se); NMR spectroscopy was used for carrageenans investigation. Furthermore, the soluble and fat-soluble antioxidant capacities were determined by FRAP, DPPH and ABTS assays. The chemical analysis revealed a higher content of trace elements in K. alvarezii as compared to K. striatus, and both exhibited a high mineral content. No significant differences in metal concentrations were found between the two species. Both samples showed a mixture of prevailing κ- and t-carrageenans. Finally, the levels of soluble and fat-soluble antioxidants in K. alvarezii were significantly higher than in K. striatus. Our findings suggest that K. alvarezii could be used as a potential feed additive because of its favorable chemical and nutritional features.

Evaluation of the nanodebris produced by in vitro degradation of titanium-based dental implants in the presence of bacteria using single particle and single cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzia Cosmi ◽  
Nathaly Gonzalez-Quiñonez ◽  
Pablo Tejerina Díaz ◽  
Ángel Manteca ◽  
Elisa Blanco González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Materials Used

The bio-tribocorrosion of metallic materials used for dental implants (Ti and alloys) in the oral environment involves the production of metallic debris in the ionic, but also in the nanoparticulated...

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potentials of Syzygium caryophyllatum L. Alston

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Herath Pathiranage Thathmi Wathsara ◽  
Hasitha Dhananjaya Weeratunge ◽  
Mohamed Naeem Ahammadu Mubarak ◽  
Pahan Indika Godakumbura ◽  
Pathmasiri Ranasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Data ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Syzygium caryophyllatum L. Alston (Family: Myrtaceae, Sinhala: Heendan) is a red-listed plant that has been used in traditional medicine in Sri Lanka for the treatment of diabetes, but it is yet to be exploited for its potential uses as a functional food or a source of supplements. The present study focused on the evaluation of antidiabetic property of S. caryophyllatum fruits and leaves assessing antioxidant, antiglycation, and antiamylase activities and functional mineral element composition. The crude extracts (CR) of leaves and fruits were fractionated into hexane (Hex) ethyl acetate (EA) and aqueous (AQ) and evaluated for bioactivities along with the crude extracts. The isolated fraction (C3) of Hex fraction of fruit showed significantly high (p<0.05) antiamylase activity with IC50 value 2.27 ± 1.81 μg/mL where the Hex fraction of fruits exhibited the IC50 value as 47.20 ± 0.3 μg/mL which was higher than acarbose (IC50: 87.96 ± 1.43 μg/mL). The EA fraction of leaves showed highest values for DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity. Significantly high (p<0.05) ABTS radical scavenging activity and iron chelating activity were observed in Hex fraction of fruit. The composition of volatiles in leaf oil was studied with GC-MS, and 58 compounds were identified. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry data revealed the presence of biologically significant trace elements such as Fe, Zn, Mg, Cu, Se, and Sr in leaves and fruits. It is concluded that the Hex fraction of S. caryophyllatum fruits will be a good source for the formulation of supplements for diabetic management with further evaluation of potency and efficacy.

Antibacterial Effects of Sol-Gel Derived Zinc-Containing Hydroxyapatite

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Chang Shi ◽  
H.Z. Jiang ◽  
J. Xue ◽  
Yun Mao Liao ◽  
L.Y. Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Inductively Coupled

In order to modify the biological properties of pure hydroxyapatite (HAp), two kinds of zinc-containing HAp, which had zinc content of 5.10wt% and 2.54wt%, respectively, were synthesized via sol-gel technique. The obtained coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then the antibacterial effects were evaluated through bacteriostatic test on Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) in vitro and zinc ions releasing ability was investigated through detecting the zinc ions concentration by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The obtained coatings were observed to possess typical apatite peaks in XRD patterns and high homogeneous and porous surfaces in SEM morphology. The coating layer demonstrated good releasing ability in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) liquid and obviously inhibitory effects to the growth and proliferation of S. mutans. Based on the results obtained above, it is concluded that the sol-gel derived zinc-containing hydroxyapatite could be applied as an antibacterial effective biomaterial.

scholarly journals In vitro Antimicrobial Effects of Virus Block, Which Contains Multiple Polyoxometalate Compounds, and Hygienic Effects of Virus Block-Supplemented Moist Hand Towels

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 98-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuaki Dan ◽  
Naohiro Katoh ◽  
Takaaki Matsuoka ◽  
Katsuyuki Fujinami
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Bacterial Flora

Background: Historical evidence has verified the multifaceted antiviral efficacy of polyoxometalates (PMs). Methods: We carried out a study to investigate the antimicrobial effects of each of the 5 substances comprising virus block (VB): 3 PMs that have antibacterial and antiviral activity, an antibiotic agent, and an antibacterial agent. We also investigated the effectiveness of the addition of VB to moist hand towels in a study involving 120 volunteers. The time-dependent changes in metal ion concentrations in aqueous VB solution were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Results: The metal elements in the aqueous VB solution remained stable for 12 weeks without undergoing time-dependent changes. Discussion: Further investigations were performed to study hand hygiene using moist hand towels in daily life settings. To this end, 120 volunteers provided 240 specimens that were used to investigate the presence of antibacterial compounds on the volunteers’ hands before and after hand towel use. An aliquot of each specimen was suspended in phosphate-buffered saline and plated on agar media, and the number of colonies formed was counted. Normal bacterial flora found on the hands of the volunteers was investigated before and after the use of 4 different moist hand towels. Conclusions: The effects of VB and PMs were superior to those of commercial moist hand towels, indicating that effective data were obtained that may be useful for the practical application of the tested items.

scholarly journals Copper Supplementation in Watering Solution Reaches the Xylem But Does Not Protect Tobacco Plants Against Xylella fastidiosa Infection

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 724-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Ge ◽  
Paul A. Cobine ◽  
Leonardo De La Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
High Concentrations

Xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-limited plant pathogenic bacterium that causes disease in many crops worldwide. Copper (Cu) is an antimicrobial agent widely used on X. fastidiosa hosts to control other diseases. Although the effects of Cu for control of foliar pathogens are well known, it is less studied on xylem-colonizing pathogens. Previous results from our group showed that low concentrations of CuSO4 increased biofilm formation, whereas high concentrations inhibited biofilm formation and growth in vitro. In this study, we conducted in planta experiments to determine the influence of Cu in X. fastidiosa infection using tobacco as a model. X. fastidiosa-infected and noninfected plants were watered with tap water or with water supplemented with 4 mM or 8 mM of CuSO4. Symptom progression was assessed, and sap and leaf ionome analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma with optical emission spectroscopy. Cu uptake was confirmed by increased concentrations of Cu in the sap of plants treated with CuSO4-amended water. Leaf scorch symptoms in Cu-supplemented plants showed a trend toward more severe at later time points. Quantification of total and viable X. fastidiosa in planta indicated that CuSO4-amended treatments did not inhibit but slightly increased the growth of X. fastidiosa. Cu in sap was in the range of concentrations that promote X. fastidiosa biofilm formation according to our previous in vitro study. Based on these results, we proposed that the plant Cu homeostasis machinery controls the level of Cu in the xylem, preventing it from becoming elevated to a level that would lead to bacterial inhibition.

scholarly journals The Absorption, Distribution, and Excretion of 18 Elements of Tibetan Medicine Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yinglian Song ◽  
Ke Fu ◽  
Dewei Zhang ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Ruixia Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms

The aim of this study is to determine 18 elements in Tibetan medicine Qishiwei Zhenzhu pills (QSW) and their absorption, distribution, and excretion in rats with cerebral ischemia. Microwave digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used to determine 18 elements of QSW in simulated gastrointestinal (GI) juice. Rats were given QSW (66.68 mg/kg) followed by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Sham rats received saline and were not subjected to MCAO. ICP-MS was applied to determine the content of 18 elements in hepatic venous blood, abdominal aortic blood, brain, liver, kidney, hair, urine, and feces 24 h after MCAO. In vitro results showed that the extraction rate of Mn, Cu, Sr, Pb, Au, and Hg of QSW in gastric juice (1 h) was higher than that in water, and the contents of Cu, Au, Sr, and As were higher in intestinal juice (4 h) than in water. In vivo results showed that the contents of elements in the blood were quite low, and QSW increased Ni, Cr, Sr, Co, and V in artery blood and decreased V in venous blood. Elements in the tissues were also low, and QSW increased brain Li but decreased Cr and Cd; QSW increased kidney Ag and Cs and liver Mn but decreased liver Ni. QSW increased urinary excretion of Li, Sr, Hg, Cs, and V; QSW increased Hg content in hair but decreased Ni. Stool is the main excretion pathway of the elements in QSW, with Ba, Mn, Sr, Cd, V, Cu, Cs, Li, Pb, Ag, Hg, Cr, As, and Co the highest. In summary, this study examined the distribution of 18 elements in QSW-treated MCAO rats. The accumulation of these elements in blood and tissues was extremely low, and the majority was excreted in feces within 24 h, highlighting the importance of the gut-microbiota-brain axis in QSW-mediated brain protection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document