scholarly journals In Vitro Ion Release of Wires in Removable Orthodontic Appliances

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3402
Author(s):  
Lena Wepner ◽  
Harald Andreas Färber ◽  
Andreas Jaensch ◽  
Anna Weber ◽  
Florian Heuser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Corrosive Medium ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Corrosive Solution

Various orthodontic wire compositions and configurations are present on the market for removable appliances; however, there have still been only few studies focusing on the effect of resin color and additives such as glitter on corrosion of metallic wires under different conditions. Thus, the aim of the study was to compare concentrations of released ions (aluminium, chromium, nickel) in a corrosive medium under three different conditions: non-loaded wires, loaded wires, and non-loaded wires treated with Kukis® cleaning tablets. Six different wires made of three types of steel alloy were embedded in PMMA resin leaving one centimetre of each wire emerging from the resin to come into contact with the corrosive medium. Glitter particles were added to half of the produced test specimens. For the unloaded test series, five specimens of each group were covered in a petri dish with 50 mL of corrosive medium (pH 2.3) following EN-ISO 10271 for seven days at 37 °C. The wires for the mechanically loaded test specimens overlapped the resin by 5 cm and were clamped into a time-switched electric drive for a defined period of time before the samples were taken after a testing time of 7 days. In the third group, unloaded test specimens were transferred from their petri dishes into the prepared Kukis® solution every 24 h before being stored in the corrosive medium. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to quantify the specific ions in the corrosive solution. Statistical analysis showed that the mechanical loading of all wires could significantly raise the diffusion of ions into the corrosive medium. The colour of the resin did not affect the concentration of the released ions. The Kukis® cleaning tabs could not lower the corrosion of the tested metals, as some of the wires were corroded even more using the brace cleanser. Glitter-containing test specimens showed significantly higher amounts of aluminium. Mechanical loading as well as the presence of glitter particles in the resin significantly affected ion concentrations.

scholarly journals Characterisation of NiTi Orthodontic Archwires Surface after the Simulation of Mechanical Loading in CACO2-2 Cell Culture

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Lepojević ◽  
Ivana Šćepan ◽  
Branislav Glišić ◽  
Monika Jenko ◽  
Matjaž Godec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Cell Culture Medium ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Orthodontic Archwires

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) orthodontic archwires are crucial in the initial stages of orthodontic therapy when the movement of teeth and deflection of the archwire are the largest. Their great mechanical properties come with their main disadvantage—the leakage of nickel. Various in vitro studies measured nickel leakage from archwires that were only immersed in the medium with little or minimal simulation of all stress and deflection forces that affect them. This study aims to overcome that by simulating deflection forces that those archwires are exposed to inside the mouth of a patient. NiTi orthodontic archwires were immersed in CACO2-2 cell culture medium and then immediately loaded while using a simulator of multiaxial stress for 24 h. After the experiment, the surface of the NiTi orthodontic archwires were analysed while using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The observations showed significant microstructural and compositional changes within the first 51 nm thickness of the archwire surface. Furthermore, the released nickel and titanium concentrations in the CACO2-2 cell culture medium were measured while using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS). It was found out that the level of released nickel ions was 1.310 µg/L, which can be assigned as statistically significant results. These data represent the first mention of the already detectable release of Ni ions after 24 h during the simulation of mechanical loading in the CACO2-2 cell culture medium, which is important for clinical orthodontic praxis.

Comparison of Biocompatibility of Three Soft Milled Cobalt–Chromium Alloys

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 3950-3954
Author(s):  
Bong Ki Min ◽  
Tae-Yub Kwon ◽  
Min-Ho Hong
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Ε Phase ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
And Function

In the context of biology and medicine, nanotechnology encompasses the materials, devices, and systems whose structure and function are relevant for small length scales, from nanometers through microns. The purpose of this study was to compare the microstructures and resultant biocompatibility of three commercially available soft milled cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr) alloys (Ceramill Sintron, CS; Sintermetall, SML; and Soft Metal, SM). Disc-shaped specimens were prepared by milling the soft blanks and subsequent post-sintering. The crystal and microstructures of the three different alloys were studied using optical microscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction. The amounts of Co, Cr, and molybdenum (Mo) ions released from the alloys were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy. The effect of ion release on the viability of L929 mouse fibroblasts was evaluated by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The SML alloy showed a finer grain size (approx. 5 μm) and a larger pore size (approx. 5 μm) than the CS and SM alloys, and its XRD pattern exhibited a slightly higher ε phase peak intensity than that of the γ phase. In the CS and SML alloys, the average crystallite sizes of the nano-sized Cr23C6 carbide were 21.6 and 19.3 nm, respectively. The SML alloy showed higher concentrations of Cr and Mo in the grain boundaries than the other two alloys. The SML alloy showed significantly higher Co and Mo ion releases (p < 0.001) and significantly lower cell viability (p < 0.05) than the CS and SM alloys. The combined results of this in vitro study suggest that the three soft milled Co–Cr alloys had different crystal and microstructures and, as a result, different levels of in vitro biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Chemistry of Tropical Eucheumatoids: Potential for Food and Feed Applications

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Andrea Ariano ◽  
Nadia Musco ◽  
Lorella Severino ◽  
Anna De Maio ◽  
Annabella Tramice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Food And Feed

The use of seaweeds as additives in animal nutrition may be a valid option to traditional feed as they represent a rich source of minerals, carbohydrates and antioxidants. The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant capacity of two tropical eucheumatoids, Kappaphycus alvarezii and Kappaphycus striatus, in Malaysian wild offshore waters. The chemical analysis was performed via inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy for evaluating the concentration of toxic (Cd, Pb, Hg, As) and essential elements (Mn, Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, Se); NMR spectroscopy was used for carrageenans investigation. Furthermore, the soluble and fat-soluble antioxidant capacities were determined by FRAP, DPPH and ABTS assays. The chemical analysis revealed a higher content of trace elements in K. alvarezii as compared to K. striatus, and both exhibited a high mineral content. No significant differences in metal concentrations were found between the two species. Both samples showed a mixture of prevailing κ- and t-carrageenans. Finally, the levels of soluble and fat-soluble antioxidants in K. alvarezii were significantly higher than in K. striatus. Our findings suggest that K. alvarezii could be used as a potential feed additive because of its favorable chemical and nutritional features.

scholarly journals DNA-Platinum Thin Films for Use in Chemoradiation Therapy Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rezaee ◽  
Elahe Alizadeh ◽  
Darel Hunting ◽  
Léon Sanche
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Chemoradiation Therapy ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Dna Films ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Dna Platination

Dry films of platinum chemotherapeutic drugs covalently bound to plasmid DNA (Pt-DNA) represent a useful experimental model to investigate direct effects of radiation on DNA in close proximity to platinum chemotherapeutic agents, a situation of considerable relevance to understand the mechanisms underlying concomitant chemoradiation therapy. In the present paper we determine the optimum conditions for preparation of Pt-DNA films for use in irradiation experiments. Incubation conditions for DNA platination reactions have a substantial effect on the structure of Pt-DNA in the films. The quantity of Pt bound to DNA as a function of incubation time and temperature is measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Our experiments indicate that chemical instability and damage to DNA in Pt-DNA samples increase when DNA platination occurs at37°Cfor 24 hours, the condition which has been extensively used for in vitro studies. Platination of DNA for the formation of Pt-DNA films is optimal at room temperature for reaction times less than 2 hours. By increasing the concentration of Pt compounds relative to DNA and thus accelerating the rate of their mutual binding, it is possible to prepare Pt-DNA samples containing known concentrations of Pt while reducing DNA degradation caused by more lengthy procedures.

scholarly journals Ion Release from Dental Implants, Prosthetic Abutments and Crowns under Physiological and Acidic Conditions

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
María Arregui ◽  
Florian Latour ◽  
Francisco Javier Gil ◽  
Román A. Pérez ◽  
Luis Giner-Tarrida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Immersion Medium ◽  
The Media ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Ion release from dental implants and prosthetic restoration can affect osteointegration and implant viability over a long period of time. Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the ion release from implants and crowns, with and without intermediate anodized abutments, in two different media, simulating clinical conditions. The implants, intermediate prosthetic abutments and Cr–Co crowns were divided into two groups depending on the media: Hanks’ solution and 1% lactic acid, simulating body fluids and microbiologically conditioned fluids, respectively. The study followed the ISO 10271:2011 and 10993-15:2000 standards modified to simulate the replacement of fluids in the oral environment. The ions’ release was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-EOS), and only aluminum, chromium, cobalt, titanium and vanadium were identified. Ion concentration was higher in lactic acid than in Hanks’ solution at all time points (p < 0.05). Only vanadium showed a very low ion release in lactic acid, with no statistically significant differences from the ion release in Hanks’ solution (p = 0.524). Both anodized abutments and the immersion medium influenced the release of ions and affected the corrosion of these structures. The presence of an intermediate anodized abutment also affected ion release, as the level of ions was lower in groups with this component.

Evaluation of the nanodebris produced by in vitro degradation of titanium-based dental implants in the presence of bacteria using single particle and single cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzia Cosmi ◽  
Nathaly Gonzalez-Quiñonez ◽  
Pablo Tejerina Díaz ◽  
Ángel Manteca ◽  
Elisa Blanco González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Materials Used

The bio-tribocorrosion of metallic materials used for dental implants (Ti and alloys) in the oral environment involves the production of metallic debris in the ionic, but also in the nanoparticulated...

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potentials of Syzygium caryophyllatum L. Alston

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Herath Pathiranage Thathmi Wathsara ◽  
Hasitha Dhananjaya Weeratunge ◽  
Mohamed Naeem Ahammadu Mubarak ◽  
Pahan Indika Godakumbura ◽  
Pathmasiri Ranasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Data ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Syzygium caryophyllatum L. Alston (Family: Myrtaceae, Sinhala: Heendan) is a red-listed plant that has been used in traditional medicine in Sri Lanka for the treatment of diabetes, but it is yet to be exploited for its potential uses as a functional food or a source of supplements. The present study focused on the evaluation of antidiabetic property of S. caryophyllatum fruits and leaves assessing antioxidant, antiglycation, and antiamylase activities and functional mineral element composition. The crude extracts (CR) of leaves and fruits were fractionated into hexane (Hex) ethyl acetate (EA) and aqueous (AQ) and evaluated for bioactivities along with the crude extracts. The isolated fraction (C3) of Hex fraction of fruit showed significantly high (p<0.05) antiamylase activity with IC50 value 2.27 ± 1.81 μg/mL where the Hex fraction of fruits exhibited the IC50 value as 47.20 ± 0.3 μg/mL which was higher than acarbose (IC50: 87.96 ± 1.43 μg/mL). The EA fraction of leaves showed highest values for DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity. Significantly high (p<0.05) ABTS radical scavenging activity and iron chelating activity were observed in Hex fraction of fruit. The composition of volatiles in leaf oil was studied with GC-MS, and 58 compounds were identified. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry data revealed the presence of biologically significant trace elements such as Fe, Zn, Mg, Cu, Se, and Sr in leaves and fruits. It is concluded that the Hex fraction of S. caryophyllatum fruits will be a good source for the formulation of supplements for diabetic management with further evaluation of potency and efficacy.

Antibacterial Effects of Sol-Gel Derived Zinc-Containing Hydroxyapatite

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Chang Shi ◽  
H.Z. Jiang ◽  
J. Xue ◽  
Yun Mao Liao ◽  
L.Y. Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Inductively Coupled

In order to modify the biological properties of pure hydroxyapatite (HAp), two kinds of zinc-containing HAp, which had zinc content of 5.10wt% and 2.54wt%, respectively, were synthesized via sol-gel technique. The obtained coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then the antibacterial effects were evaluated through bacteriostatic test on Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) in vitro and zinc ions releasing ability was investigated through detecting the zinc ions concentration by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The obtained coatings were observed to possess typical apatite peaks in XRD patterns and high homogeneous and porous surfaces in SEM morphology. The coating layer demonstrated good releasing ability in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) liquid and obviously inhibitory effects to the growth and proliferation of S. mutans. Based on the results obtained above, it is concluded that the sol-gel derived zinc-containing hydroxyapatite could be applied as an antibacterial effective biomaterial.

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