scholarly journals Endometriosis: A Disease That Remains Enigmatic

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Acién ◽  
Irene Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Uterine Endometrium ◽  
Variable Morphology

Endometriosis, a gynecologic pathology, is defined by the presence of a tissue similar to uterine endometrium, which is located in places other than physiologically appropriate. These endometrial heterotopic islets contain glands and stroma and are functionally capable of responding to exogenous, endogenous, or local hormonal stimuli. Endometriosis affects 8%–10% of women of reproductive age; in 30% of the women, the condition is associated with primary or secondary infertility. In several instances, endometriosis persists as a minimal or mild disease, or it can resolve on its own. Other cases of endometriosis show severe symptomatology that ends when menopause occurs. Endometriosis can, however, reactivate in several postmenopausal women when iatrogenic or endogenous hormones are present. Endometriosis is occasionally accompanied by malignant ovarian tumors, especially endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas. Its pathogenesis is widely debated, and its variable morphology appears to represent a continuum of individual presentations and progressions. Endometriosis has no pathognomonic signs or symptoms; it is therefore difficult to diagnose. Because of its enigmatic etiopathogenesis, there is currently no satisfactory therapy for all patients with endometriosis. Treatments include medications, surgery, or combined therapies; currently, the only procedures that seem to cure endometriosis are hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In this paper, we review the most controversial and enigmatic aspects of this disease.

Evaluation of concomitant gynecological pathology in group of patients of reproductive age with tumors and tumor formations

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
N. V. Spiridonova ◽  
A. A. Demura ◽  
V. Yu. Schukin
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Ovarian Tumours ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
Neoplastic Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

According to modern literature, the frequency of preoperative diagnostic errors for tumour-like formations is 30.9–45.6%, for malignant ovarian tumors is 25.0–51.0%. The complexity of this situation is asymptomatic tumor in the ovaries and failure to identify a neoplastic process, which is especially important for young women, as well as ease the transition of tumors from one category to another (evolution of the tumor) and the source of the aggressive behavior of the tumor. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the history of concomitant gynecological pathology in a group of patients of reproductive age with ovarian tumors and tumoroid formations, as a predisposing factor for the development of neoplastic process in the ovaries. In our work, we collected and processed complaints and data of obstetric and gynecological anamnesis of 168 patients of reproductive age (18–40 years), operated on the basis of the Department of oncogynecology for tumors and ovarian tumours in the Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary from 2012 to 2015. We can conclude that since the prognosis of neoplastic process in the ovaries is generally good with timely detection and this disease occurs mainly in women of reproductive age, doctors need to know that when assessing the parity and the presence of gynecological pathology at the moment or in anamnesis, it is not possible to identify alarming risk factors for the development of cancer in the ovaries.

The role of orexin A in pathophysiological mechanisms of sleep disorder in postmenopausal women

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Zukhra Kh. Ebzieva ◽  
Svetlana V. Yureneva ◽  
Tatiana Yu. Ivanets
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Vasomotor Symptoms ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Orexin A ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of serum orexin A levels in women of different age periods with and without sleep disorder and vasomotor symptoms. To evaluate the dynamics of orexin A levels under menopausal hormone therapy. Materials and methods. The study included 50 postmenopausal women and 30 women of reproductive age with a regular menstrual cycle. Using block randomization, patients are divided into 3 groups: group 1 (main group), n=25, -STRAW+ 10 (+1b and +1c), patients with sleep disorder and vasomotor symptoms; group 2 (comparison group), n=25, STRAW+ 10 (+1b and +1c), patients with vasomotor symptoms without sleep disorder; group 3 (control group), n=30, STRAW+ 10 (-4), women of reproductive age without sleep disorder. Group 1 patients were given menopausal hormone therapy. A comparative analysis was carried out using the questionnaire for assessing menopausal symptoms severity by the Greene Scale (the Greene Climacteric Scale) and Rating Scale for subjective sleep characteristics. After 12 weeks of treatment, a control examination was performed. Results. In group 1 women, the serum orexin A levels were significantly higher compared to the women without the symptoms. The link between the orexin A levels and menopause syndrome severity was established. A significant decrease in the menopausal symptoms severity after 12 weeks of menopausal hormone therapy was shown. It was accompanied by a 1,3-fold decrease in orexin A levels. Conclusions. The obtained data indicate the possible role of orexin A and the orexin neuropeptide system in the pathogenesis of sleep disorder and vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Endometriosis in Menopause—Renewed Attention on a Controversial Disease

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Cristina Secosan ◽  
Ligia Balulescu ◽  
Simona Brasoveanu ◽  
Oana Balint ◽  
Paul Pirtea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Postmenopausal Endometriosis

Endometriosis, an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease characterized by the ectopic presence of endometrial tissue, has been the topic of renewed research and debate in recent years. The paradigm shift from the belief that endometriosis only affects women of reproductive age has drawn attention to endometriosis in both premenarchal and postmenopausal patients. There is still scarce information in literature regarding postmenopausal endometriosis, the mostly studied and reported being the prevalence in postmenopausal women. Yet, other important issues also need to be addressed concerning diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management. We aimed at summarizing the currently available data in literature in order to provide a concise and precise update regarding information available on postmenopausal endometriosis.

scholarly journals Review of Clinical Studies on Karnini Yonivyapad vis-a-vis Cervical Erosion

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Tiwari Richa ◽  
Pushpalatha Buduru ◽  
Bharathi K
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
External Application ◽  
Modern System

Cervical erosion is a most common condition seen in women of reproductive age groups. Its prevalence is between 50-85% of all the gynecological conditions. In modern system of medicine diathermy cauterization or cryosurgery are generally advised for treatment but these procedures have their own side effects and complications like excessive vaginal discharge, secondary infertility, bleeding per vagina, infection, stenosis etc.. So still it is one of the most troublesome diseases for patients as well as for gynaecologists. Due to the serious consequences of the disease it is the need of hour to develop an accurate therapy for pathological erosion. This is an attempt to throw some more light on the clinical studies on cervical erosion. On cervical erosion total eight clinical studies in PG level has been completed out at National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur. Out of eight clinical studies, five works on Kshara Karma Karma (application of caustics), two works on Agnikarma (cauterization), two works on Kushthadi churna, one work on kushthadi varti, one work on Virechana. The drugs and procedures used in the research studies have chedana, Bhedan, Sosahana, Lekhana, Shodhana, Shothaghna, Raktprasadana, Vrana Shodhana (ulcer cleansing), Vrana Ropana (ulcer healer), krimihara, Kushtaghna (anti-dermatosis), Kandughna (anti-pruritic) properties. Maximum studies are carried out on Bahya Parimarjana (external application).

scholarly journals Peculiarities of intrauterine pathological processes in women of the postmenopauseal period

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Tetiana Polishchuk ◽  
Serhii Vdovichenko ◽  
Oleksandra Lubkovska ◽  
Dmytro Ledin
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Increased Risk

Aim of the research is studying the pecularities of the endometrium pathological processes in postmenopausal women on the basis of the hysteroscopy data evaluation, as well as conduction of histopathological and immunochemical studies. Materials and methods. To study the pecularities of intrauterine pathological processes, 100 postmenopausal women were selected and studied. All women underwent hysteroscopy with separate diagnostic scraping of the uterine cavity. Also, 10 samples of glandular-fibrous endometrial polyps (GFEP) in women of reproductive age and 9 samples of such pathology in the postmenopausal period were studied by immunohistochemical method, using 6 primary specific monoclonal antibodies. Results. The results showed that in 64 (64 %) postmenopausal women pathological changes of the endometrium were presented with GFEP, and in 2 patients (2 %) endometrial adenocarcinoma was found. It was also determined that the nuclei of epithelial and stromal cells of GFEP in postmenopausal women are characterized by lower expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, compared with women with such formations in the reproductive age. In addition, it was found that in postmenopausal women the expression of the apoptosis inhibitor bcl-2 and aromatase P450 in the epithelial and stromal cells of GFEP was more expressed, and the expression of the Bах antigen, on the contrary, was significantly lower than in women of reproductive age. Conclusions. Fundamental molecular-biological differences of GFEP in postmenopausal women compared with women of reproductive age were revealed. It was found that in postmenopausal women there is a significantly lower dependence of such polyps on the effects of estrogen and progesterone. In addition, the data indicate an increased risk of neoplastic transformation in such women.

Periodontal status and bone metabolism in women in reproductive and postmenopausal periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Mazur ◽  
Bassymbek Dilbarkhanov ◽  
Xeniya Kuracha ◽  
Volodymyr Novoshytskyy ◽  
Iryna Suprunovych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Postmenopausal Period ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

AbstractObjectivesChronic periodontitis is one of the most common diseases in the world. Periodontitis occurs more frequently in postmenopausal women due to hormonal changes and in patients with osteoporosis. Thus, the aim of our study was to compare levels of alveolar bone loss of mandible and maxilla and bone tissue remodeling markers in women of reproductive and postmenopausal periods.MethodsFifty-nine women aged 25–68 years were enrolled in a cross-sectional study and divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 42 women of reproductive age and Group II included 17 women in their postmenopausal period. The level of alveolar bone loss of mandible and maxilla was assessed using dental panoramic radiography, and the level of bone remodeling markers (Beta C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [β-CTx] and osteocalcin) was obtained in both groups.ResultsWomen in the postmenopausal period have higher level of alveolar bone loss in mandible and maxilla than women of reproductive age. The level of ß-CTx and osteocalcin was significantly higher in Group II, compared to Group I (p=0.002 and p=0.005, respectively).ConclusionsIn postmenopausal women, on the background of significantly higher bone remodeling, an increase of alveolar bone loss of mandible and maxilla was observed.

scholarly journals Broad Ligament Fibroid: A Diagnostic Dilemma

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-118
Author(s):  
Nahid Sultana ◽  
Masuma Jalil ◽  
Fateha Ferdous ◽  
Shahnaz Rahman ◽  
Rahima Begum
Keyword(s):  
Solid Tumor ◽  
Broad Ligament ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Pelvic Tumors ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Leiomyomas are the commonest of all pelvic tumors. One-fifth women of reproductive age group suffer from this condition. Tumors of broad ligament are rare. Most common solid tumor of the broad ligament is a leiomyoma. It can originate from the uterus or broad ligament itself. Here, we report a case of broad ligament leiomyoma in a woman having secondary infertility and it posed a diagnostic dilemma.Birdem Med J 2015; 5(2): 116-118

scholarly journals Myocardial Infarction in Women of Reproductive age: Risk Factors, Clinical Picture, Prognosis

Kardiologiia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
D. V. Seliverstova ◽  
S. S. Yakushin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Family History ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Menstrual Function ◽  
One Year

Aim        To study risk factors (RF) and clinical and anamnestic features of the course and prediction in women with a preserved menstrual cycle and postmenopausal women after ST segment elevation (STEMI) and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).Material and methods        This study included 121 women aged 32 to 55 years diagnosed with MI. The patients were divided into two groups, group 1 (study group) consisting of 60 women with preserved menstrual function (1А, STEMI; n=38; age, 48.3±5.7 years and 1B, NSTEMI; n=22; age. 49.0±4.8 years), and group 2 (control) consisting of 61 postmenopausal women (2А, STEMI; n=43; age, 49.05±4.9 years; 2B, NSTEMI; n=18; age, 49.9±3.5 years). Beside the analysis of RF and clinical features, a prediction was produced for each subgroup at one year after discharge from the hospital based on the following indexes: hospitalization for unstable angina, non-fatal MI, revascularization, cardiovascular (CV) death, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE), which included all these outcomes.Results   In all subgroups, the most frequent RFs were arterial hypertension (AH), overweight and obesity, family history, smoking, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Among patients with STEMI, smoking was significantly more frequently observed in the group with preserved menstrual function. Oral contraceptives were used by 3 and 6 women of reproductive age in the STEMI and NSTEMI subgroups, respectively. Incidence of STEMI as the onset of ischemic heart disease (IHD, 46.7%) was higher than in subgroup 2A (27.9 %; р=0.003). Early postinfarction angina was a more frequent complication of MI in subgroup 1A than in 2A (р=0.02).Conclusion            The incidence rate of RFs, including AH, overweight and obesity, dyslipidemia, family history, and DM2, was similar in both STEMI and NSTEMI groups. Incidence rate of smoking was statistically significantly higher in subgroup 1A. One-year prediction for women with STEMI and NSTEMI was comparable irrespective of the presence or absence of the menstrual function.

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