scholarly journals Trait Hostility, Perceived Stress, and Sleep Quality in a Sample of Normal Sleepers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas D. Taylor ◽  
Gary D. Fireman ◽  
Ross Levin
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Trait Hostility

Objective. To date, no studies have directly examined the effects of cognitive trait hostility on prospectively assessed sleep quality. This is important as individuals with heightened trait hostility demonstrate similar patterns of reactivity to perceived stressors as is often reported by poor sleepers. The present study hypothesized that increased trait hostility is associated with poorer subjective sleep quality and that perceived stress mediates this relationship.Methods. A sample of 66 normal sleepers completed daily sleep and stress logs for two weeks. Trait hostility was measured retrospectively.Results. The cognitive dimension of trait hostility was significantly correlated with subjectively rated sleep quality indicators, and these relationships were significantly mediated by perceived daily stress. Individuals with higher levels of trait cognitive hostility reported increased levels of perceived stress which accounted for their poorer sleep ratings as measured by both retrospective and prospective measures.Conclusions. Overall, the findings indicate that high levels of cognitive hostility are a significant risk factor for disturbed sleep and suggest that this might be a fruitful target for clinical intervention.

scholarly journals Early indicators and risk factors associated with mental health problems during COVID-19 quarantine: Is there a relationship with the number of confirmed cases and deaths?

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402096602
Author(s):  
Héctor Badellino ◽  
María Emilia Gobbo ◽  
Eduardo Torres ◽  
María Emilia Aschieri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: On March 20 2020, the Argentine Ministry of Health enforced a mandatory quarantine throughout the country in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Aims: The object of this study is to determine the initial impact on mental health of Argentine population, by measuring the prevalence of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and self-perceived stress and by determining the associated risk factors, and to analyze that impact in relation to the number of confirmed cases and deaths. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted through a digital questionnaire, which was completed by 1,985 respondents between March 29 and April 12. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, stress and insomnia was measured with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale (GAD-7), the 9-Item Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9); the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Results: The 62.4% of the surveyed population reported signs of psychological distress. It was found that being a woman, being 18 to 27 years old, living with family members or a partner, smoking, and having a poor sleep quality were the significant risk factors. Conclusion: Despite the low number of COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths at that time, a strong impact on mental health indicators was revealed. The authors of this study recommend the monitoring of the population at risk over time and early interventions in order to avoid long-lasting mental health problems.

Sleep Disturbances among Persons who are Visually Impaired: Survey of Dog Guide Users

1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 522-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massoud K. Fouladi ◽  
Merrick J. Moseley ◽  
Helen S. Jones ◽  
Micheal J. Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Photic Input

It is claimed that blindness may predispose individuals to disturbed sleep because light is an important mechanism for entraining circadian rhythms. One in five respondents in a survey described the quality of their sleep as either poor or very poor. Exercise was associated with better sleep, and depression with poorer sleep. That visual acuity did not predict the quality of sleep casts doubt on the notion that restricted visual (photic) input is a widespread cause of sleep disturbance among persons who are visually impaired. As with sighted persons, depression appears to be a highly significant risk factor for disturbed sleep in persons who are visually impaired.

Objective and Subjective Rated Depression, Daytime Sleepiness and Sleep Quality in Different Sleep Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Z. Lattova ◽  
M. Keckeis ◽  
C. Lauer ◽  
T. Pollmacher
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Disturbed Sleep

Objective:Daytime sleepiness and disturbed sleep quality are core symptoms of sleep disorders. In addition, depressive symptoms are often reported. In the present study, we examined the possible relationships of daytime sleepiness, sleep quality and objective and subjective rated depressive symptoms in three major sleep disorders: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA; n = 25), restless legs syndrome (RLS; n = 18) and psychophysiological insomnia (n = 21), compared to healthy controls (n = 33).Method:Otherwise healthy subjects without a history of psychiatric disorder or psychotropic medication use were included. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for daytime sleepiness assessment and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI) for subjective sleep quality were administered. Participants filled in the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) as indicator of subjective rated depression and underwent a standard psychiatric interview; observer ratings comprised the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA).Results:As expected daytime sleepiness was highest in OSA, whereas insomnia patients showed the highest depression and anxiety scores and the worst subjective sleep assessment. In contrast to the HAMD, the BDI was unable to differentiate among patient groups. Objective (HAMD) and subjective (BDI) rated depression correlated significantly in insomnia, RLS and healthy controls, but surprisingly not in OSA. Subjective rated depression (BDI) correlated significantly with subjective sleep quality (PSQI) in these patients. This correlation was not present in insomnia, RLS or controls. Therefore, increased BDI levels in OSA are possibly related to disturbed sleep (PSQI) rather than to depression.

scholarly journals The Differential Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep Quality, Insomnia, Depression, Stress, and Anxiety among Late Adolescents and Elderly in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Giulia Amicucci ◽  
Federico Salfi ◽  
Aurora D’Atri ◽  
Lorenzo Viselli ◽  
Michele Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality

The restraining measures due to the COVID-19 outbreak deeply affected the general population’s sleep health and psychological status. The current literature proposes young and older people as two particularly at-risk groups. However, the differential impact of the lockdown period in these specific age categories needs to be disentangled. Through a web-based survey adopting validated questionnaires, we evaluated and compared sleep quality/habits, insomnia, perceived stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms of Italian late adolescents (n = 670; mean age ± SD, 19.38 ± 0.74, 18–20 years) and elderly (n = 253; 68.18 ± 2.79, 65–75 years). Young respondents reported more severe insomnia symptoms, worse subjective sleep quality, longer sleep latency, higher daytime dysfunction, and a more prevalent disruption of sleep habits (bedtime, get-up time, nap) than the elderly. On the other hand, older participants showed shorter sleep duration, lower habitual sleep efficiency, and greater use of sleep medications. Finally, the younger population displayed higher levels of depression and perceived stress. Our findings indicate that the lockdown period had more pervasive repercussions on sleep and the mental health of late adolescents. The implementation of supportive strategies is encouraged for this vulnerable population group.

scholarly journals Attenuated psychosis in primary caregiver of psychiatric patients: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobul Hasan Ansari ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Gaur ◽  
Suhail Ahmed Azmi ◽  
Ved Prakash Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
The Relationship

Attenuated or transient Psychosis is experienced by a substantial proportion of the general population. Research also predicted that subjects perceiving psychotic-like experience are at high risk to develop psychotic spectrum disorder in the future. Aim The present study planned to estimate the psychotic-like experience or Attenuated psychosis in caregivers of psychotic patients attending the psychiatry department at JN Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) Aligarh. In this study, we will also assess the relationship between disturbed sleep, perceived stress, and transient psychosis. Materials and methods: Purposive sampling was used to recruit all the subjects with informed written consent. All data were collected by applying a self-administered semi-structured proforma. Peters Delusions Inventory (PDI), Launay Slade Hallucination Scale-Revised (LSHS-R), Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) on the subjects. Statistical analyses was done by using SPSS software 20 version. Result: Result shows the majority of caregivers belong to the age group 18-30 years (56.45%). Maximum patients have the persecutory type of psychotic-like experience and among hallucinatory experience maximum subjects responded that “no matter how hard I try to concentrate; unrelated thoughts always creep into my mind”. Delusion experiences were strongly positively correlated with hallucinatory experiences, perceived stress. Hallucinatory experiences were positively correlated with perceived stress poor sleep quality. Conclusion: It can be concluded that stress increases subclinical delusional and hallucinatory experiences. Though disturbed sleep is positively correlated with hallucination but not a delusion.

Subjective Sleep Quality Exclusively Mediates the Relationship Between Morningness-Eveningness Preference and Self-Perceived Stress Response

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 955-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolin Roeser ◽  
Adrian Meule ◽  
Barbara Schwerdtle ◽  
Andrea Kübler ◽  
Angelika A. Schlarb
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Is there a link between self-perceived stress and physical activity levels in Scottish adolescents?

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Cowley ◽  
John Kiely ◽  
Dave Collins
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Education Practice

Abstract Purpose Accumulating life stress is a driving factor underlying the most pervasive, incapacitating health conditions in 21st century, First World societies. The most widely supported strategy, for remediating the negative health consequences of elevated life stress, is physical activity (PA). Evidence also suggests accumulating life stress impedes PA uptake. Thus, ironically, persistently elevated life stress not only negatively impacts multiple dimensions of health, simultaneously it may also reduce likelihood of participation in the most effective remediating strategy, PA. This study sought to compare patterns of PA uptake in adolescents of low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds, a significant risk factor for elevated biopsychosocial stress, with more affluent age-matched peers. Related health behaviours such as smoking and alcohol consumption were also analysed. Methods PA patterns were determined using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for High School (PAQA). Stress scores were assessed using the 10-item perceived stress scale (PSS-10). Results PA scores were significantly different between groups (p < 0.05). Low SES participants were significantly less active every day (p < 0.05), excepting Saturdays (U = 31.0, Z = −1.594, p = < 0.05). Spearman’s correlation demonstrated an inverse relationship between total stress and PA during spare time (rs = −0.61, n = 10, p = < 0.05). Conclusion These findings add to mounting evidence suggesting excessively accumulating life stress, not only diminishes health, but simultaneously reduces PA uptake in vulnerable populations. Thereby highlighting the bidirectional relationship between stress and PA. These findings support proposals that conventional Physical Education practice should be re-framed to not only provide PA during school years, but to promote lifelong interest in PA.

Physical Illness and Suicide Risk in Rural Residents of Contemporary China

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun-Xian Jia ◽  
Lin-Lin Wang ◽  
Ai-Qiang Xu ◽  
Ai-Ying Dai ◽  
Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Background: Physical illness is linked with an increased risk of suicide; however, evidence from China is limited. Aims: To assess the influence of physical illness on risk of suicide among rural residents of China, and to examine the differences in the characteristics of people completing suicide with physical illness from those without physical illness. Method: In all, 200 suicide cases and 200 control subjects, 1:1 pair-matched on sex and age, were included from 25 townships of three randomly selected counties in Shandong Province, China. One informant for each suicide or control subject was interviewed to collect data on the physical health condition and psychological and sociodemographic status. Results: The prevalence of physical illness in suicide cases (63.0%) was significantly higher than that in paired controls (41.0%; χ2 = 19.39, p < .001). Compared with suicide cases without physical illness, people who were physically ill and completed suicide were generally older, less educated, had lower family income, and reported a mental disorder less often. Physical illness denoted a significant risk factor for suicide with an associated odds ratio of 3.23 (95% CI: 1.85–5.62) after adjusted for important covariates. The elevated risk of suicide increased progressively with the number of comorbid illnesses. Cancer, stroke, and a group of illnesses comprising dementia, hemiplegia, and encephalatrophy had a particularly strong effect among the commonly reported diagnoses in this study population. Conclusion: Physical illness is an important risk factor for suicide in rural residents of China. Efforts for suicide prevention are needed and should be integrated with national strategies of health care in rural China.

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