Evaluation of Nonradiative Clinical Imaging Techniques for the Longitudinal Assessment of Tumour Growth in Murine CT26 Colon Carcinoma

Background and Objectives. To determine the most appropriate technique for tumour followup in experimental therapeutics, we compared ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize ectopic and orthotopic colon carcinoma models. Methods. CT26 tumours were implanted subcutaneously (s.c.) in Balb/c mice for the ectopic model or into the caecum for the orthotopic model. Tumours were evaluated by histology, spectrofluorescence, MRI, and US. Results. Histology of CT26 tumour showed homogeneously dispersed cancer cells and blood vessels. The visualization of the vascular network using labelled albumin showed that CT26 tumours were highly vascularized and disorganized. MRI allowed high-resolution and accurate 3D tumour measurements and provided additional anatomical and functional information. Noninvasive US imaging allowed good delineation of tumours despite an hypoechogenic signal. Monitoring of tumour growth with US could be accomplished as early as 5 days after implantation with a shorter acquisition time (<5 min) compared to MRI. Conclusion. MRI and US afforded excellent noninvasive imaging techniques to accurately follow tumour growth of ectopic and orthotopic CT26 tumours. These two techniques can be appropriately used for tumour treatment followup, with a preference for US imaging, due to its short acquisition time and simplicity of use.

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Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Assess Brain Tumor Responses to New Therapies

Cancer Control ◽

10.1177/107327489800500202 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 115-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Michael H. Lev ◽

Fred Hochberg

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Brain Tumor ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Perfusion Mri ◽

Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Normal Brain ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

New Therapies ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is effective in detecting the location of intracranial tumors, new imaging techniques have been studied that may enhance the specificity for the prediction of histologic grade of tumor and for the distinction between recurrence and tumor necrosis associated with cancer therapy. Methods: The authors review their experience and that of others on the use of perfusion magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate responses of brain tumors to new therapies. Results: Functional imaging techniques that can distinguish tumor from normal brain tissue using physiological parameters. These new approaches provide maps of tumor perfusion to monitor the effects of novel compounds that restrict tumor angiogenesis. Conclusions: Perfusion MRI not only may be as effective as radionuclide-based techniques in sensitivity and specificity in assessing brain tumor responses to new therapies, but also may offer higher resolution and convenient co-registration with conventional MRI, as well as time- and cost-effectiveness. Further study is needed to determine the role of perfusion MRI in assessing brain tumor responses to new therapies.

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Reasons for discordances between ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of the ankle, hindfoot and heel of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Medical Ultrasonography ◽

10.11152/mu-2304 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 405 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Oana Șerban ◽

Daniela Fodor ◽

Iulia Papp ◽

Mihaela Cosmina Micu ◽

Dan Gabriel Duma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Activity Index ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Definition Of

Aim: To compare the ultrasonography (US) performance with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying pathology in ankles, hindfeet and heels of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to evaluate the reasons for discordances between the two imaging methods.Material and methods: RA patients were enrolled and evaluated using the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and the Disease Activity Score 28 with C-reactive Protein (DAS28-CRP). The ankle (tibiotalar joint, tendons), hindfoot (talonavicular, subtalar joints) and heel of the most symptomatic or dominant foot (for the asymptomatic patient)were evaluated by two pairs of examiners using US and contrast-enhanced MRI.Results: Totally, 105 joints, 245 tendons and 35 heels in 35 patients [mean age 59.2±11.25 years old, median disease duration 36 (16.5-114), mean CDAI 19.87±12.7] were evaluated. The interobserver agreements between the two sonographers, and the two radiologists were good and very good (k=0.624-0.940). The overall agreement between US and MRI was very good for subcalcaneal panniculitis (k=0.928, p<0.001), moderate for synovitis (k=0.463, p<0.001) and tenosynovitis (k=0.514, p<0.001), fair for osteophytes (k=0.260, p=0.004), and poor for erosions (k=0.063, p=0.308) and heel’s structures. MRI found more erosions, synovitis, osteophytes,tenosynovitis and retrocalcaneal bursitis, but US found more enthesophytes and plantar fasciitis. Many of the discordancesbetween the two imaging techniques have explanations related to the technique itself or definition of the pathologic findings.Conclusions: US is comparable to MRI for the evaluation of ankle, hindfoot and heel in RA patients and discordances in theinterpretation of the pathological findings/normal structures must be carefully analyzed.

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Magnetic resonance imaging of salivary glands

Clinical and Laboratorial Research in Dentistry ◽

10.11606/issn.2357-8041.clrd.2019.152344 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Danielle Ayumi Nishimura ◽

Ana Luiza Esteves Carneiro ◽

Kaisermann Costa ◽

Wladimir Gushiken de Campos ◽

Jefferson Xavier de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Salivary Glands ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Neck Region ◽

Evaluation Instrument ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Tissue Contrast ◽

Excellent Method ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Salivary glands tumors account for 2-5% of tumors in the head and neck region, possibly being benign or malignant. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presents high soft tissue contrast resolution, thus being an excellent method for salivary gland analysis. The objective of this literature review is to analyze MRI as an evaluation instrument for the diagnosis of salivary glands lesions. Compared to other imaging techniques, MRI can better evaluate the relationship between adjacent anatomical structures, presenting greater sensitivity and specificity.

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Multiple Sclerosis: MRI and Other Imaging Approaches in MS

10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0082 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Martina Absinta ◽

Daniel S. Reich

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Future Research ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Lesion Development ◽

Diagnostic Role ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Multiple Time Points

Aside from its paramount diagnostic role, imaging techniques, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), provide unparalleled insights into multiple sclerosis (MS) by assessing the spatiotemporal dynamics of the associated inflammation and neurodegeneration. This dynamical view, predicated on interrogation of individuals with MS at multiple time points, is impossible with pathology. The chapter approaches MRI in MS from this perspective, describing features related to lesion development and location, as well as assessment of global and regional damage. It summarizes current knowledge, addresses the limitations of that knowledge, and suggests ways in which imaging can advance future research.

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Abbreviated Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): First Postcontrast Subtracted Images and Maximum-Intensity Projection—A Novel Approach to Breast Cancer Screening With MRI

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.52.5386 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (22) ◽

pp. 2304-2310 ◽

Cited By ~ 288

Author(s):

Christiane K. Kuhl ◽

Simone Schrading ◽

Kevin Strobel ◽

Hans H. Schild ◽

Ralf-Dieter Hilgers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Reading Time ◽

Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Maximum Intensity Projection ◽

Maximum Intensity ◽

Acquisition Time ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Breast Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Purpose We investigated whether an abbreviated protocol (AP), consisting of only one pre- and one postcontrast acquisition and their derived images (first postcontrast subtracted [FAST] and maximum-intensity projection [MIP] images), was suitable for breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening. Methods We conducted a prospective observational reader study in 443 women at mildly to moderately increased risk who underwent 606 screening MRIs. Eligible women had normal or benign digital mammograms and, for those with heterogeneously dense or extremely dense breasts (n = 427), normal or benign ultrasounds. Expert radiologists reviewed the MIP image first to search for significant enhancement and then reviewed the complete AP (consisting of MIP and FAST images and optionally their nonsubtracted source images) to characterize enhancement and establish a diagnosis. Only thereafter was the regular full diagnostic protocol (FDP) analyzed. Results MRI acquisition time for FDP was 17 minutes, versus 3 minutes for the AP. Average time to read the single MIP and complete AP was 2.8 and 28 seconds, respectively. Eleven breast cancers (four ductal carcinomas in situ and seven invasive cancers; all T1N0 intermediate or high grade) were diagnosed, for an additional cancer yield of 18.2 per 1,000. MIP readings were positive in 10 (90.9%) of 11 cancers and allowed establishment of the absence of breast cancer, with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.8% (418 of 419). Interpretation of the complete AP, as with the FDP, allowed diagnosis of all cancers (11 [100%] of 11). Specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of AP versus FDP were equivalent (94.3% v 93.9% and 24.4% v 23.4%, respectively). Conclusion An MRI acquisition time of 3 minutes and an expert radiologist MIP image reading time of 3 seconds are sufficient to establish the absence of breast cancer, with an NPV of 99.8%. With a reading time < 30 seconds for the complete AP, diagnostic accuracy was equivalent to that of the FDP and resulted in an additional cancer yield of 18.2 per 1,000.

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Diagnostic Features of Myelomeningocele: The Role of Ultrafast Fetal MRI

Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy ◽

10.1159/000363738 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 219-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

David M. Mirsky ◽

Erin S. Schwartz ◽

Deborah M. Zarnow

Keyword(s):

Imaging Techniques ◽

Fetal Mri ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Diagnostic Features ◽

Technical Aspects ◽

Ultrafast Imaging ◽

Perinatal Management ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful adjunct to ultrasound in the evaluation of neural tube defects. The development of ultrafast imaging techniques has contributed to the increasing clinical use of fetal MRI. This review summarizes the utility, safety and technical aspects of fetal MRI and the role it plays in the evaluation of myelomeningocele. Emphasis is placed on the benefit of fetal MRI as it pertains to presurgical planning and perinatal management.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Rectal Cancer

Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1683772 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 02 (01) ◽

pp. 018-032

Author(s):

Ekta Maheshwari ◽

Gitanjali Bajaj ◽

Kedar Jambhekar ◽

Tarun Pandey ◽

Roopa Ram

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Rectal Cancer ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

High Resolution ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Postoperative Recurrence ◽

Response To Therapy ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Primary Rectal Cancer ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractHigh-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in the pretreatment assessment of primary rectal cancer. The success of this technique depends on obtaining good-quality high-resolution T2-weighted images of the primary tumor, orthogonal to rectal lumen. The goal of magnetic resonance staging is to identify patients who will benefit from neoadjuvant therapy prior to surgery to minimize postoperative recurrence and planning of optimal surgical approach. MRI also facilitates optimal identification of important prognostic factors, which improves both treatment selection and posttreatment follow-up. The objective of this article is to review the existing literature and provide a concise update on various aspects of rectal cancer imaging, discuss the current role of advanced imaging techniques such as diffusion-weighted and perfusion imaging in the evaluation of rectal cancer, and to assess response to therapy.

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3D MRI in Musculoskeletal Oncology

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1730399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (03) ◽

pp. 418-424

Author(s):

Blake C. Jones ◽

Shivani Ahlawat ◽

Laura M. Fayad

Keyword(s):

Tumor Imaging ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Motion Artifact ◽

Whole Body ◽

Acquisition Time ◽

3D Mri ◽

Isotropic Resolution ◽

3D Acquisition ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractAdvances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology now enable the feasible three-dimensional (3D) acquisition of images. With respect to the imaging of musculoskeletal (MSK) tumors, literature is beginning to accumulate on the use of 3D MRI acquisition for tumor detection and characterization. The benefits of 3D MRI, including general advantages, such as decreased acquisition time, isotropic resolution, and increased image quality, are not only inherently useful for tumor imaging, but they also contribute to the feasibility of more specialized tumor-imaging techniques, such as whole-body MRI, and are reviewed here. Disadvantages of 3D acquisition, such as motion artifact and equipment requirements, do exist and are also discussed. Although further study is needed, 3D MRI acquisition will likely prove increasingly useful in the evaluation of patients with tumors of the MSK system.

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Neuroimaging in pediatric phakomatoses. An educational review

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/cjmed-417 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 89 (1) ◽

pp. 56-64

Author(s):

Iulian Raus ◽

Roxana Elena Coroiu ◽

Cosmin Serban Capusan

Keyword(s):

Wide Spectrum ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Inheritance Pattern ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Radiological Findings ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Age Dependent ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Phakomatoses are a group of more than 30 entities with an inheritance pattern that primarily affects the central nervous system, skin, viscera and connective tissue. The aim of this paper is to make an educational review of the most common radiological findings on phakomatoses through the iconography of the cases collected in our magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computer tomography (CT) units over the last ten years. Also, we describe and illustrate by these techniques the main features of the most common entities within the wide spectrum of diseases. As highly variable and age dependent, imaging techniques have an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients. Increased awareness for the need to implement and conduct screening programs could be considered as a solution to prevent late diagnosis and to treat the patients in early stages of disease.

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Osseous Infections Caused by Aspergillus Species

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics12010201 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 201

Author(s):

Christos Koutserimpas ◽

Ifigeneia Chamakioti ◽

Konstantinos Raptis ◽

Kalliopi Alpantaki ◽

Georgia Vrioni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Imaging Techniques ◽

Severe Infection ◽

Axial Skeleton ◽

Surgical Debridement ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

X Ray ◽

Galactomannan Antigen ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Osteomyelitis caused by Aspergillus spp. is a severe, but rare, clinical entity. However, clear guidelines regarding the most effective medical management have not yet been established. The present study is a literature review of all such cases, in an effort to elucidate epidemiology, as well as the therapeutic management and the infection’s outcome. Methods: A thorough review of all reports of osteomyelitis of the appendicular and the axial skeleton, without the skull and the spine, caused by Aspergillus spp. was undertaken. Data about demographics, imaging techniques facilitating diagnosis, causative Aspergillus, method of mold isolation, antifungal treatment (AFT), surgical treatment, as well as the infection’s outcome were recorded and evaluated. Results: A total of 63 cases of osseous infection due to Aspergillus spp. were identified. The studied population’s mean age was 37.9 years. The most commonly affected site was the rib cage (36.8%). Most hosts suffered immunosuppressive conditions (76.2%). Regarding imaging methods indicating diagnosis, computer tomography (CT) was performed in most cases (42.9%), followed by plain X-ray (41.3%) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (34.9%). The most frequent isolated mold was Aspergillus fumigatus (49.2%). Cultures and/or histopathology were used for definite diagnosis in all cases, while galactomannan antigen test was additionally used in seven cases (11.1%), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in four cases (6.3%), and beta-d-glucan testing in three cases (4.8%). Regarding AFT, the preferred antifungal was voriconazole (61.9%). Most patients underwent surgical debridement (63.5%). The outcome was successful in 77.5%. Discussion: Osteomyelitis due to Aspergillus spp. represents a severe infection. The available data suggest that prolonged AFT in combination with surgical debridement is the preferred management of this infection, while identification of the responsible mold is of paramount importance.

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