scholarly journals Influence of Microsprinkler Irrigation Amount on Water, Soil, and pH Profiles in a Coastal Saline Soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Chu ◽  
Yaohu Kang ◽  
Shuqin Wan
Keyword(s):  
Saline Soil ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Wetting Front ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Coastal Saline Soil ◽  
Water Redistribution ◽  
Water Amount

Microsprinkler irrigation is a potential method to alleviate soil salinization. After conducting a homogeneous, highly saline, clayey, and coastal soil from the Bohai Gulf in northern China in a column experiment, the results show that the depth of the wetting front increased as the water amount applied increased, low-salinity and low-SAR enlarged after irrigation and water redistribution, and the soil pH increased with an increase in irrigation amount. We concluded that a water amount of 207 mm could be used to reclaim the coastal saline soil in northern China.

scholarly journals Measurement of unsaturated meltwater percolation flux in seasonal snowpack using self-potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Wilson S. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Method Development ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Wetting Front ◽  
Electrical Field Strength ◽  
Water Redistribution ◽  
Self Potential

Abstract This paper presents a feasibility study of in situ field measurements of unsaturated meltwater percolation flux within the vertical profile of a snowpack, using the self-potential (SP) method. On-site snowmelt column tests calibrated the SP measurements. The SP data measured electrical field strength with an electrode spacing of 20 cm, and coincident water saturation (Sw) measurements using time domain reflectometry allowed calculation of SP-modeled vertical percolation flux (qsp), expressed as Darcy velocity. The results reflected transient diurnal snowmelt dynamics, with peak flux lagging arrival of a saturation wetting front. Peak daily qsp was 60 to >300 mm d−1, whereas daily snowmelt was 20–50 mm w.e. Surface refreezing events appeared to cause upward flow, possibly representing water redistribution toward the freezing boundary. Calculated fluxes were comparable to actual fluxes, although average errors ranged from −15 to +46% compared to average of melt expected from surface energy-balance and ablation stake measurements. By advancing method development to measure unsaturated meltwater percolation flux in snowpacks this study creates opportunities to study fundamental snowmelt processes, may improve mathematical modeling and may supplement glacier mass-balance studies and studies of snowmelt interactions with avalanches, groundwater and surface water.

scholarly journals Long-Term Amelioration Practices Reshape the Soil Microbiome in a Coastal Saline Soil and Alter the Richness and Vertical Distribution Differently Among Bacterial, Archaeal, and Fungal Communities

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruibo Sun ◽  
Xiaogai Wang ◽  
Yinping Tian ◽  
Kai Guo ◽  
Xiaohui Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Coastal Saline Soil ◽  
Plastic Mulching

Globally soil salinity is one of the most devastating environmental stresses affecting agricultural systems and causes huge economic losses each year. High soil salinity causes osmotic stress, nutritional imbalance and ion toxicity to plants and severely affects crop productivity in farming systems. Freezing saline water irrigation and plastic mulching techniques were successfully developed in our previous study to desalinize costal saline soil. Understanding how microbial communities respond during saline soil amelioration is crucial, given the key roles soil microbes play in ecosystem succession. In the present study, the community composition, diversity, assembly and potential ecological functions of archaea, bacteria and fungi in coastal saline soil under amelioration practices of freezing saline water irrigation, plastic mulching and the combination of freezing saline water irrigation and plastic mulching were assessed through high-throughput sequencing. These amelioration practices decreased archaeal and increased bacterial richness while leaving fungal richness little changed in the surface soil. Functional prediction revealed that the amelioration practices, especially winter irrigation with saline water and film mulched in spring, promoted a community harboring heterotrophic features. β-null deviation analysis illustrated that amelioration practices weakened the deterministic processes in structuring coastal saline soil microbial communities. These results advanced our understanding of the responses of the soil microbiome to amelioration practices and provided useful information for developing microbe-based remediation approaches in coastal saline soils.

scholarly journals Closing Yield Gaps through Soil Improvement for Maize Production in Coastal Saline Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jishi Zhang ◽  
Xilong Jiang ◽  
Yanfang Xue ◽  
Zongxin Li ◽  
Botao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Coastal Saline Soil ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Yield Gaps

As efforts to close crop production yield gaps increase, the need has emerged to identify cost-effective strategies to reduce yield losses through soil improvement. Maize (Zea mays L.) production in coastal saline soil is limited by high salinity and high pH, and a limited number of soil amendment options are available. We performed a field experiment in 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the ability of combined flue gas desulfurization gypsum and furfural residue application (CA) to reduce the maize yield gap and improve soil properties. We carried out the same amendment treatments (CA and no amendment as a control) under moderate (electrical conductivity (EC1:1) ≈ 4 dS m−1) and high (EC1:1 ≈ 6 dS m−1) salinity levels. Averaged over all salinity levels and years, maize yields increased from 32.6% of yield potential in the control to 44.2% with the CA treatments. Post-harvest CA treatment increased the calcium (Ca2+) and soil organic carbon (SOC) contents while decreasing the sodium (Na+) content and pH in the upper soil layer. Corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium accumulations in maize were significantly increased, and Na accumulation was decreased in the CA group compared with the control. The economic return associated with CA treatment increased by 215 $ ha−1 at the high salinity level compared with the control, but decreased at the moderate salinity level because of the minor increase in yield. The results of this study provide insight into the reduction of yield gaps by addressing soil constraints.

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