scholarly journals Use of miRNAs as Biomarkers in Sepsis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raluca Dumache ◽  
Alexandru Florin Rogobete ◽  
Ovidiu Horea Bedreag ◽  
Mirela Sarandan ◽  
Alina Carmen Cradigati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Stable Species ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Critical Patients ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Sepsis is one of the most common causes of death in critical patients. Severe generalized inflammation, infections, and severe physiological imbalances significantly decrease the survival rate with more than 50%. Moreover, monitoring, evaluation, and therapy management often become extremely difficult for the clinician in this type of patients. Current methods of diagnosing sepsis vary based especially on the determination of biochemical-humoral markers, such as cytokines, components of the complement, and proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory compounds. Recent studies highlight the use of new biomarkers for sepsis, namely, miRNAs. miRNAs belong to a class of small, noncoding RNAs with an approximate content of 19–23 nucleotides. Following biochemical and physiological imbalances, the expression of miRNAs in blood or other body fluids changes significantly. Moreover, its stability, specificity, and selectivity make miRNAs ideal candidates for sepsis biomarkers. In conclusion, we can affirm that stable species of circulating miRNAs represent potential biomarkers for monitoring the evolution of sepsis.

scholarly journals Identification of tRNA-derived small noncoding RNAs as potential biomarkers for prediction of recurrence in triple-negative breast cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 5130-5144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanting Feng ◽  
Yongfei Li ◽  
Jiahui Chu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Yanhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

scholarly journals Deciphering the tRNA-derived small RNAs: origin, development, and future

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Liu ◽  
Jinling Cao ◽  
Xiangyun Wang ◽  
Chunlei Guo ◽  
Yunxia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Transfer Rna ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Modifications ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
New Biomarkers

AbstractTransfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), a novel category of small noncoding RNAs, are enzymatically cleaved from tRNAs. Previous reports have shed some light on the roles of tsRNAs in the development of human diseases. However, our knowledge about tsRNAs is still relatively lacking. In this paper, we review the biogenesis, classification, subcellular localization as well as action mechanism of tsRNAs, and discuss the association between chemical modifications of tRNAs and the production and functions of tsRNAs. Furthermore, using immunity, metabolism, and malignancy as examples, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of tsRNAs in diseases and evaluate the potential of tsRNAs as new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. At the same time, we compile and introduce several resource databases that are currently publicly available for analyzing tsRNAs. Finally, we discuss the challenges associated with research in this field and future directions.

scholarly journals Circulating MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Atrial Fibrillation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananília Medeiros Gomes da Silva ◽  
Jéssica Nayara Góes de Araújo ◽  
Renata Caroline Costa de Freitas ◽  
Vivian Nogueira Silbiger
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Supraventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarkers ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia in the population. MicroRNAs (small endogenous noncoding RNAs) are attractive candidates as biomarkers for AF, especially considering that miRNAs are stable and are detected within easily accessible biofluids such as blood. In this review, we selected twelve studies (2012 to 2016) that were classified according to the sample type. We aimed to provide an overview of the role of circulating miRNAs in AF and to discuss the variability of the results, seeking to improve the perspective of the use of miRNAs as potential noninvasive biomarkers for this heart disease.

scholarly journals Exosomal miRNAs in Heart Disease

Physiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Iaconetti ◽  
Sabato Sorrentino ◽  
Salvatore De Rosa ◽  
Ciro Indolfi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Potential Use

Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. Exosomes have recently emerged as novel elements of intercellular communication in the cardiovascular system. Exosomal miRNAs could be key players in intercellular cross-talk, particularly during different diseases such as myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF). This review addresses the functional role played by exosomal miRNAs in heart disease and their potential use as new biomarkers.

scholarly journals Peering into the window of receptivity: extracellular vesicles containing small noncoding RNAs as potential biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 1185-1186
Author(s):  
Amber M. Klimczak ◽  
Jason M. Franasiak
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

scholarly journals MiR-222 in Cardiovascular Diseases: Physiology and Pathology

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengguang Ding ◽  
Haitao Huang ◽  
Yiming Xu ◽  
Hao Zhu ◽  
Chongjun Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Mrna Decay ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Cardiovascular Biomarker

MicroRNAs (miRNAs and miRs) are endogenous 19–22 nucleotide, small noncoding RNAs with highly conservative and tissue specific expression. They can negatively modulate target gene expressions through decreasing transcription or posttranscriptional inducing mRNA decay. Increasing evidence suggests that deregulated miRNAs play an important role in the genesis of cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, circulating miRNAs can be biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases. MiR-222 has been reported to play important roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes in the heart. Here we reviewed the recent studies about the roles of miR-222 in cardiovascular diseases. MiR-222 may be a potential cardiovascular biomarker and a new therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Circulating microRNAs as a Novel Class of Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Folia Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana M. Kichukova ◽  
Nikolay T. Popov ◽  
Hristo Y. Ivanov ◽  
Tihomir I. Vachev
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiles ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

AbstractNeuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are a huge burden on society, impairing the health of those affected, as well as their ability to learn and work. Biomarkers that reflect the dysregulations linked to neuropsychiatric diseases may potentially assist the diagnosis of these disorders. Most of these biomarkers are found in the brain tissue, which is not easily accessible. This is the challenge for the search of novel biomarkers that are present in various body fluids, including serum or plasma. As a group of important endogenous small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level, microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in many physiological and pathological processes. Previously, researchers discovered that miRNAs contribute to the neurodevelopment and maturation, including neurite outgrowth, dendritogenesis and dendritic spine formation. These developments underline the significance of miRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosing central nervous system diseases. Accumulated evidence indicates that there are considerable differences between the cell-free miRNA expression profiles of healthy subjects and those of patients. Therefore, circulating miRNAs are likely to become a new class of noninvasive, sensitive biomarkers. Despite the fact that little is known about the origin and functions of circulating miRNAs, their essential roles in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of neuropsychiatric diseases make them attractive biomarkers. In this review we cover the increasing amounts of dataset that have accumulated in the last years on the use of circulating miRNAs and their values as potential biomarkers in most areas of neuropsychiatric diseases.

Suicidal Death Autopsy Analysis at Dhaka Medical College

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hossain ◽  
Z Rahman ◽  
S Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Autopsy Report ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Suicidal Death

A cross sectional study was carried out at the department of Forensic Medicine in Dhaka Medical College during the period of January 2008 to December 2009. Data were collected from 3rd copy of the post mortem reports which were preserved in the department of Forensic Medicine with the verbal consent of the doctors who performed autopsy report. During this period total 5114 autopsies were conducted. Out of this 970 cases (19%) were suicidal in nature. It was noticed that all suicidal deaths occurred from 10 years to all age group respectively, but top amongst age group of suicidal deaths occurred in between 21 to 30 years of people. Suicidal deaths are more common in female than male. Suicidal deaths due to hanging is highest, next common causes of death due to organophosphorus compund poisoning. Suicidal deaths by hanging is more in female than male but in poisoning cases male are more lvictimised than female. Objectives of our study are to see the occurrence and methods of suicidal death. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9957 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 18-21

The Prognostic and Predictive Value of microRNAs in Patients with H. pylori-positive Gastric Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (39) ◽  
pp. 4639-4645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh ◽  
Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
Maryam Ghandehari ◽  
Fatemeh Goldani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressors ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
World Population ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Control Gene Expression ◽  
The World ◽  
H Pylori

Gastric cancer (GC) has a high mortality rate with a poor 5-year survival. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is present as part of the normal flora of stomach. It is found in the gastric mucosa of more than half of the world population. This bacterium is involved in developing H. pylori-induced GC due to the regulation of different micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA or miR). miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs and are recognized as prognostic biomarkers for GC that may control gene expression. miRNAs may function as tumor suppressors, or oncogenes. In this review, we evaluated studies that investigated the ectopic expression of miRNAs in the prognosis of H. pylori positive and negative GC.

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