Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody in Vitiligo: A Prevalence Study

Aim.The aim of the study was to study the relation of vitiligo with demographic data like age, sex, and duration and determine the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in vitiligo patients.Materials and Methods.This study was a cross sectional study consisting of 100 patients clinically diagnosed (old and new) as having vitiligo irrespective of age or sex. Patients with known thyroid disease on supplementation therapy, or who had undergone thyroid surgery, those on antithyroid medication, patients with other causes of leukoderma, and cases who do not provide informed consent were excluded from the study. Serum TSH and anti-TPO antibodies were measured in all the patients.Results.The prevalence of anti-TPO antibody positivity was found to be 28%.Conclusion.According to our study, none of our vitiligo patients had symptoms or signs of thyroid disease at the time of presentation but, on biochemical evaluation, anti-TPO antibodies were found in a considerable number of patients. Hence, we recommend screening of these patients with thyroid antibodies.

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A study of Anti Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) Antibody Titres in patients seeking treatment at a tertiary health care centre

Journal of Diabetes and Endocrine Association of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jdean.v3i2.27518 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

Prajaya Sikar Shrestha ◽

Alark Devkota Rajouria ◽

Dipak Malla ◽

Samyukta Bhattarai ◽

Bharat Bahadur Amatya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibody Titre ◽

Thyroid Disease ◽

Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Community Studies ◽

Health Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Autoimmune Thyroid ◽

Antibody Titres

Background: One of the main cause of thyroid disease is autoimmune thyroid disease and anti thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies is a major marker of the condition. There are very few studies in the country regarding the etiology of thyroid disorders and hence this study is being conducted for it. Methods: This is retrospective cross sectional study from 28 January 2019 to 29 July 2019 done at National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu. The laboratory serum sample data of all Anti TPO antibody results from patients seeking treatment at the instituition were analyzed for age and gender variation. Anti TPO antibody titre of equal or more than 34 IU/ml was considered as positive. Results: Out of 768 samples analysed for study, 79.9% were of women and 20.1 % were of men. A total of 205 (26.7%) were positive for anti TPO antibodies of which 83.4% were women and 16.6% were men . Women had more patients with anti TPO antibodies positive as compared men (27.9 vs 21.1%). Mean Anti TPO titre were also more in women as compared to men (61.01 vs 48.20 IU/ml). Conclusions: About one fourth of the patients had siginificant titers of anti TPO antibodies suggestive of thyroid autoimmunity. Both prevalence of positive anti TPO antibody titres and the mean anti TPO antibody titre values were more in women as compared to men. Further well designed larger community studies are required.

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Link between autoimmune hypothyroidism and polycystic ovary syndrome.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.09.3750 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (09) ◽

pp. 1804-1808

Author(s):

Anam Rehman ◽

Shireen Jawed ◽

Amna Rashid Tariq

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽

Study Groups ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Autoimmune Hypothyroidism ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a rampant endocrine disorder distressing women of child bearing age worldwide. Many current researches have detected the presence of some organ specific and non-specific autoantibodies in females with PCOS. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Aziz Fatimah Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Period: April to September 2017. Material & Methods: This study comprised of 88 female subjects of 17-35 years old. Participants were divided into four group’s i.e PCOS obese females, PCOS non-obese, obese females without PCOS and age matched controls. Thyroid function was evaluated by the measurement of serum TSH, FT3 and FT4 levels. Thyroid peroxidase antibody was detected as an indicator of thyroid autoimmunity. All parameters were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay technique (CLIA). SPSS version 22 was used for the statistical analysis of the data. Results: Out of total 88 female participants, 38.6% were hypothyroid and 61.4% were euthyroid females. While on comparing the percentages of hypothyroidism among the study groups PCOS, non-PCOS patients and obese we found higher percentages of hypothyroidism among non-obese PCOS. Thyroid peroxidase antibody levels were higher in PCOS obese subjects. PCOS patients have 15 times more risk for hypothyroidism as compared to non-PCOS patients. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism was commonly found in PCOS patients with high levels of TPO-Antibody indicating that PCOS is an independent risk factor for hypothyroidism which suggests that evaluation of thyroid function and autoimmunity must be deliberated in PCOS patients.

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More than adequate iodine intake may increase subclinical hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis: a cross-sectional study based on two Chinese communities with different iodine intake levels

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-10-1041 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 164 (6) ◽

pp. 943-950 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Xiaochun Teng ◽

Zhongyan Shan ◽

Yanyan Chen ◽

Yaxin Lai ◽

Jiashu Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽

Urinary Iodine ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Iodine Intake ◽

Health Concern ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chinese Populations

ObjectiveWith the introduction of iodized salt worldwide, more and more people are exposed to more than adequate iodine intake levels with median urinary iodine excretion (MUI 200–300 μg/l) or excessive iodine intake levels (MUI >300 μg/l). The objective of this study was to explore the associations between more than adequate iodine intake levels and the development of thyroid diseases (e.g. thyroid dysfunction, thyroid autoimmunity, and thyroid structure) in two Chinese populations.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two areas in which people are exposed to different levels of iodine intake (Rongxing, MUI 261 μg/l; Chengshan, MUI 145 μg/l). A total of 3813 individuals were recruited by random sampling. Thyroid hormones, thyroid autoantibodies in serum, and iodine levels in urine were measured. B-mode ultrasonography of the thyroid was also performed for each participant.ResultsThe prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was significantly higher for subjects who live in Rongxing than those who live in Chengshan (5.03 vs 1.99%, P<0.001). The prevalence of positive anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and positive anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) was significantly higher for subjects in Rongxing than those in Chengshan (TPOAb: 10.64 vs 8.4%, P=0.02; TgAb: 10.27 vs 7.93%, P=0.01). The increase in thyroid antibodies was most pronounced in the high concentrations of TPOAb (TPOAb: ≥500 IU/ml) and low concentrations of TgAb (TgAb: 40–99 IU/ml) in Rongxing.ConclusionsMore than adequate iodine intake could be a public health concern in terms of thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity in the Chinese populations.

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What Do Our Nurses Know about Managing Patient with Permanent Pacemakers?

Jurnal NERS ◽

10.20473/jn.v15i2.18925 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

Muhamad Al Muizz Ismail ◽

Nor Marini Ibrahim ◽

Muhammad Kamil Che Hasan

Keyword(s):

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Pacemaker Implantation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Level Of Knowledge

Introduction: The number of patients with pacemaker implant is increasing in the health services sector in Malaysia, which requires nurses to have expertise in patient care with pacemaker implantation. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse the level of knowledge among nurses regarding the management of patients with pacemaker implantation.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through purposive sampling among all nurses working at the critical care unit, intensive care unit, cardiac rehabilitation ward, investigation clinical laboratory, and non-invasive clinical laboratory in a public hospital in Kelantan. A questionnaire consisted of demographic data and nurses’ knowledge was distributed. Data were analysed for descriptive analysis and using Pearson correlation test.Results: Results from all respondents (n=70), show 48.6 % of the respondents had moderate knowledge about patient management with pacemaker implantation, 32.9 % had a low level of knowledge and only 13.6% had high knowledge regarding management of patient with pacemaker implantation. There is a significant difference between the level of knowledge and demographic data, that is between the level of education (p=0.027), age (p=0.011) and length of service (p=0.015). There is no significant relationship between knowledge and demographic data, such as gender (p=0.481), marital status (p=0.315), and post-basic (p=0.067).Conclusion: Level of knowledge among nurses about the management of patient with pacemaker implantation is low to moderate. Additional education and exposure among nurses are needed to enhance the knowledge of nurses and improve the quality of care among patients with pacemaker implant.

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Circulating Betatrophin Is Increased in Patients with Overt and Subclinical Hypothyroidism

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/5090852 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Cheng Han ◽

Xinghai Xia ◽

Aihua Liu ◽

Xiaowen Zhang ◽

Mi Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Overt Hypothyroidism ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽

Antibody Positivity ◽

Healthy Control

Thyroid hormone (TH) affects many metabolic processes such as promoting oxidation of sugar, fat, and protein in many tissues. Thyroid dysfunction is associated with metabolic disorders. The newly discovered adipocyte- and hepatocyte-derived cytokine, betatrophin, has been reported to be involved in metabolic diseases, but its influence on thyroid dysfunction is uncertain. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate circulating betatrophin levels in subjects with different thyroid function status and to predict the factors associated with betatrophin levels, especially whether thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), TH, or thyroid autoantibodies are associated with betatrophin levels. In the study, serum betatrophin was measured in the subjects grouped as overt hypothyroidism (OH), subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), euthyroid with isolated thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity (isolated Ab), and healthy control (HC), according to their thyroid functions. From our results, we found that betatrophin may be associated with thyroid insufficiency but not thyroid autoimmunity. Thus, when interpreting the results of betatrophin, thyroid functions should also be taken into consideration.

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Impact of the Work Environment on Patients’ Safety as Perceived by Nurses in Poland—A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182212057 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (22) ◽

pp. 12057

Author(s):

Iwona Malinowska-Lipień ◽

Agnieszka Micek ◽

Teresa Gabryś ◽

Maria Kózka ◽

Krzysztof Gajda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Work Environment ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Strong Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Professional Independence ◽

Organizational Features

Numerous studies have found that organizational features connected with the work environment of nurses have a significant influence on patients’ safety. The aim of this research was to capture nurses’ opinions about patients’ safety and discern relationships with work environment characteristics. This cross-sectional study surveyed 1825 nurses. The research used questionnaire consisting of four parts: (1) covered The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI); (2) assessed the quality of nursing care and care safety; (3) contained information on the most recent duty served by the nurses and (4) captured social and demographic data of participants. The research identified strong association between patient safety assessment and work environment of nurses in the aspect of employment adequacy, cooperation between nurses and doctors, support for nurses from the managing staff, the possibility to participate in the management as well as professional promotion of nurses employed in the hospital (p < 0.001). Nurses rated patient safety higher when responsible for a smaller number of patients. Work environment factors such as proper staffing, good cooperation with doctors, support from the management, as well as professional independence are significantly related to nurses’ assessment of patients’ safety.

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Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in vitiligo patients

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20170803 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 140 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jishna P. ◽

M. P. Binitha ◽

Abdul Latheef E. N. ◽

V. P. Anilakumari

Keyword(s):

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Autoimmune Thyroid ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽

Antibody Positivity ◽

Antibody Levels

Background: Vitiligo is associated with various autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune thyroid disease. The objectives of the present study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in patients with vitiligo, and to compare the clinical profile of anti-thyroid peroxidase positive and anti-thyroid peroxidase negative patients.Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in 100 patients with vitiligo and 100 controls. After dermatologic and systemic evaluation, serum thyroid hormones and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody levels were measured in all the subjects.Results: Thyroid dysfunction was more common in the vitiligo group (27%) than in the controls. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone abnormalities were more common in the vitiligo group (27%) than in the controls (6%). The most common thyroid dysfunction was subclinical hypothyroidism. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity was higher in the vitiligo group (36%) when compared to the controls (24%), and the most common type of vitiligo was vitiligo vulgaris (18%) in this group. Thyroid dysfunction and anti-thyroid peroxidase positivity were more common in women (58%) when compared to men (42%). There was a significantly higher prevalence of other autoimmune diseases in the vitiligo group (20%) compared to the controls (6%). Conclusions: This study shows a significant association between vitiligo and thyroid dysfunction, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies and other autoimmune diseases. We recommend that thyroid evaluation and regular follow-up should be done in patients with vitiligo for prompt detection of thyroid dysfunction.

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Impaired Fertility Associated with Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Autoimmunity: The Danish General Suburban Population Study

Journal of Pregnancy ◽

10.1155/2015/132718 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Anne-Dorthe Feldthusen ◽

Palle L. Pedersen ◽

Jacob Larsen ◽

Tina Toft Kristensen ◽

Christina Ellervik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Study ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Spontaneous Abortions ◽

Full Cohort ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Children ◽

First Child

Introduction.The aim of this study was to estimate the significance of TSH, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism in women from The Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS) on the number of children born, the number of pregnancies, and the number of spontaneous abortions.Methods.Retrospective cross sectional study of 11254 women participating in GESUS. Data included biochemical measurements and a self-administrated questionnaire.Results.6.7% had mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism and 9.4% prevalent hypothyroidism. In women with mild hypothyroidism TPOAb was significantly elevated and age at first child was older compared to controls. TSH and TPOAb were negatively linearly associated with the number of children born and the number of pregnancies in the full cohort in age-adjusted and multiadjusted models. TSH or TPOAb was not associated with spontaneous abortions. Mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism was associated with a risk of not having children and a risk of not getting pregnant in age-adjusted and multiadjusted models. Prevalent hypothyroidism was not associated with the number of children born, the number of pregnancies, or spontaneous abortions.Conclusion.Impaired fertility is associated with TSH, TPOAb, and mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism in a Danish population of women.

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Prevalence of Thyroid Autoimmunity in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57020096 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 96

Author(s):

Myrna Souraye Godines-Enriquez ◽

Silvia Miranda-Velásquez ◽

María Magdalena Enríquez-Pérez ◽

Lidia Arce-Sánchez ◽

Nayeli Martínez-Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽

Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Thyroid Profile

Background and objectives: Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) has been associated with a significantly increased risk of miscarriage in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TAI in women with RPL and compare the clinical characteristics of positive and negative TAI women. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study; 203 women with RPL were included. Thyroid profile, anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO-Ab), and anti-thyroglobulin (TG-Ab) antibodies were measured in all participants. Clinical characteristics and causes of RPL were compared between positive and negative TAI. Results: Prevalence of TAI was 14.8%; prevalence of positive TPO-Ab and TG-Ab was 12.3% and 4.9%, respectively. Women with TAI had significantly higher concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH) compared to women without TAI (4.8 ± 3.8 versus 3.1 ± 1.1, p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in age, the number of gestations, miscarriages, state of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), or causes of RPL between women that were TAI-positive versus TAI-negative. Prevalence of positive TAI by cause of RPL was: endocrine 7/25 (28%), genetic 1/5 (20%), autoimmune 1/5 (20%), anatomic 8/55 (14.5%), and unexplained cause 13/112 (11.6%). Conclusions: The prevalence of TAI in women with RPL is 14.8%. Women with an endocrine cause have the highest prevalence of TAI.

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Amid COVID-19 pandemic, are non-COVID patients left in the lurch?

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.37.2.3536 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Laima Alam ◽

Syed Kumail Hasan Kazmi ◽

Mafaza Alam ◽

Varqa Faraid

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthcare Facilities ◽

Creative Commons ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Impact

Objectives: 1) To explore the possible impact of the pandemic on the health seeking behavior of the patients, 2) To explore the relation of socio-demographics on the utility of health-care facilities. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling all patients ≥15 years of age presenting to the Out-Patient-Department of three main public-hospitals after obtaining ethical committee approval. A questionnaire with validated Urdu translation was filled by each participant that included socio-demographic data, pre-Covid and Covid-19 era health seeking behaviors and the impact of the pandemic on the utilization of healthcare facilities. Data was analyzed using SPSS V.19. Results: A total of 393 patients were enrolled with a male preponderance (72%) and a median age range of 31-45 years. Fifty-eight percent of the study population was unemployed and 47.3% were seeking follow up care. The frequency of ER and multiple (>4 times) OPD visits were significantly decreased in the Covid-19 times whereas, the laboratory and radiology services were largely unaffected. A significant number of patients were not satisfied with the current healthcare facilities that was seen irrespective of the socio-demographic status. Emergency Room and radiology services were largely unaffected whereas, elective procedures and laboratory facilities were reported to be severely affected or delayed in relation to socio-demographic variables. Conclusions: Healthcare inequalities have widened and depression has shown a sharp rise during this pandemic. The over-burdened healthcare facilities at the verge of collapse may miss out on the chronic non-Covid patients which would ultimately lead to increased morbidity and mortality. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.3536 How to cite this:Alam L, Kazmi SKH, Alam M, Faraid V. Amid COVID-19 pandemic, are non-COVID patients left in the lurch? Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.3536 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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