scholarly journals Chlamydia pneumoniae-Mediated Inflammation in Atherosclerosis: A Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Filardo ◽  
Marisa Di Pietro ◽  
Alessio Farcomeni ◽  
Giovanna Schiavoni ◽  
Rosa Sessa
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

Several studies have attempted to relate theC. pneumoniae-mediated inflammatory state with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, providing inconsistent results. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to clarify whetherC. pneumoniaemay contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by enhancing inflammation. 12 case-control, 6 cross-sectional, and 7 prospective studies with a total of 10,176 patients have been included in this meta-analysis. Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to assess the seroprevalence ofC. pneumoniaeand differences between levels of inflammatory markers were assessed by standard mean differences. Publication bias was performed to ensure the statistical power. hsCRP, fibrinogen, interleukin- (IL-) 6, TNF-α, and IFN-γshowed a significant increase in patients with atherosclerosis compared to healthy controls (P<0.05), along with a higher seroprevalence ofC. pneumoniae(OR of 3.11, 95% CI: 2.88–3.36,P<0.001). More interestingly, hsCRP, IL-6, and fibrinogen levels were significantly higher inC. pneumoniaeIgA seropositive compared to seronegative atherosclerotic patients (P<0.0001). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis suggests thatC. pneumoniaeinfection may contribute to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases by enhancing the inflammatory state, and, in particular, seropositivity toC. pneumoniaeIgA, together with hsCRP, fibrinogen, and IL-6, may be predictive of atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Psychosis in children of separated parents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ayerbe ◽  
María Pérez-Piñar ◽  
Quintí Foguet-Boreu ◽  
Salma Ayis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Parental Separation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Abstract Background. Parental separation is a very common childhood adversity. The association between other adverse childhood experiences and an increased risk of psychosis has been reported. However, the evidence on the risk of psychosis for children of separated parents is limited. In this systematic review, cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional studies, comparing the risk of psychotic disorders for people with and without separated parents, were searched, critically appraised, and summarized. Methods. Studies were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Web of Science, from database inception to September 2019. A meta-analysis, using random-effects models, was undertaken to obtain pooled estimates of the risk of psychosis among participants with separated parents. Results. Twelve studies, with 305,652 participants from 22 countries, were included in the review. A significantly increased risk of psychosis for those with separated parents was observed, with a pooled odds ratio: 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–1.76), p < 0.001. The association remained significant when cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional studies were analyzed separately. The five cohort studies included in this review showed and increased risk of psychosis with odds ratio: 1.47 (95% CI: 1.26–1.69), p < 0.001. Conclusions. Parental separation is a common childhood adversity associated with an increased risk of psychosis. Although the risk for an individual child of separated parents is still low, given the high proportion of couple that separate, the increased rates of psychosis may be substantial in the population. Further studies on the risk of psychosis in those with separated parents, and the explanatory factors for this association, are required.

Association between diabetes and keratoconus—a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110531
Author(s):  
Prince K Akowuah ◽  
Christabel Arthur ◽  
Fredrick A Otabil ◽  
Collins A Ofori ◽  
Kofi Osei-Poku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose To assess the association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for literature on the association between diabetes and keratoconus. The last literature search was conducted on April 4, 2021. A secondary form of the literature search was conducted by manually scanning the reference list of retrieved eligible articles. Included studies were cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional study design that used odds ratio or risk ratio to evaluate the relationship between keratoconus and diabetes. Egger's test was used to assess the presence of publication bias. The quality of eligible studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Nine studies (six case-control and three cohort studies) published between 2000 and 2021 were included. The total number of keratoconus patients and controls were 27,311 and 53,732. respectively. Meta-analysis revealed no significant association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus; the pooled odds ratio was 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.66–1.14; p = 0.314). There was significant heterogeneity ( Q (df = 7) = 33.36, p < 0.001; I 2  = 79.01, p < 0.001). Age of participants ( p < 0.0001), study design ( p < 0.001), and sample size ( p = 0.024) were significant sources of heterogeneity. There was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion The current meta-analysis revealed no significant association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus. Well-designed longitudinal prospective studies are, however, needed to investigate any association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis: The Effect of Anemia, Pre-Eclampsia and Parity on the Prevalence of Low-Birth-Weight Infants in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-158
Author(s):  
Afiatun Rahmah ◽  
Roselina Panghiyangani ◽  
Ruslan Muhyi
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Family Planning Program ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Planning Program ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Family

The incidence of LBW in Indonesia varies greatly from one region to another. Nationally based on the Indonesian health demographic survey, the incidence of LBW has increased to 6.2% in 2018. This study aims to determine the magnitude of anemia, pre-eclampsia and parity on the incidence of LBW. LBW in Indonesia. This study is a meta-analysis using PRISMA, obtained 22 journals containing case-control and cross-sectional journals from 1219 from two databases, namely PubMed and scholar, data presentation using forest plots obtained using the Rev.Man 5.3 application. The magnitude of the combined odds ratio (OR) shows that the effect of anemia on LBW is 3.25, anemia tends to have a large effect on the incidence of LBW with a value of 3.65, then the effect of pre-eclampsia on LBW is 2.70, pre-eclampsia tends to have a similar effect. large in the incidence of LBW with a value of 5.50 while the effect of parity on LBW is 1.45 parity tends to have a large effect on the incidence of LBW with a value of 1.30. In the three variables analyzed by meta-analysis, the greatest influence on the incidence of LBW is pre-eclampsia. There is an influence of anemia, pre-eclampsia and parity on the incidence of LBW, early detection of anemia should be carried out early and need to be evaluated after giving Fe. In pre-eclampsia, it is necessary to have an early examination during pregnancy visits, while at parity, it must be socialized and evaluated again for the family planning program. so that the incidence of LBW can be reduced. Keywords: anemia, pre-eclampsia, parity, LBW, meta-analysis

scholarly journals The association between Helicobacter pylori and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case–control studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Baradaran ◽  
Hojat Dehghanbanadaki ◽  
Sara Naderpour ◽  
Leila Mohammadi Pirkashani ◽  
Abdolhalim Rajabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Introduction The relationship between H. pylori infection and obesity development has remained controversial among various studies. The aim of this study was to clarify the pooled effect of H. pylori infection on the development of obesity and vice versa. Methods We searched international databases including Medline (PubMed), Web of sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, Ovid, and CINHAL to retrieve all case–control studies reporting the effect of H. pylori on obesity and vice versa, which had been published in English between January 1990 and June 2019. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for Case–Control studies. The logarithm of the odds ratio (OR) and its standard error was used for the meta-analysis. Results Eight case–control studies with 25,519 participants were included for qualitative and quantitative analyses. The pooled analysis showed that obese participants had a higher risk of H. pylori infection than lean participants with an odds ratio of 1.46 (95%CI: 1.26, 1.68). Also, the pooled analysis revealed that participants infected by H. pylori had a higher risk of obesity than non-infected participants with an odds ratio of 1.01 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.02). Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the risk of H. pylori infection and the prevalence of obesity development. Thus, H. pylori positive patients were more likely to be obese, and obese individuals had higher risks of H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Clinical rearfoot and knee static alignment measurements are not associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Aliberti ◽  
Mariana Souza Xavier Costa ◽  
Sílvia Maria Amado João ◽  
Anice de Campos Pássaro ◽  
Antonio Carlos Arnone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Q Angle ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Continuous Measures ◽  
Control Study

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the patellofemoral pain syndrome and the clinical static measurements: the rearfoot and the Q angles. The design was a cross-sectional, observational, case-control study. We evaluated 77 adults (both genders), 30 participants with patellofemoral pain syndrome, and 47 controls. We measured the rearfoot and Q angles by photogrammetry. Independent t-tests were used to compare outcome continuous measures between groups. Outcome continuous data were also transformed into categorical clinical classifications, in order to verify their statistical association with the dysfunction, and χ2 tests for multiple responses were used. There were no differences between groups for rearfoot angle [mean differences: 0.2º (95%CI -1.4-1.8)] and Q angle [mean differences: -0.3º (95%CI -3.0-2.4). No associations were found between increased rearfoot valgus [Odds Ratio: 1.29 (95%CI 0.51-3.25)], as well as increased Q angle [Odds Ratio: 0.77 (95%CI 0.31-1.93)] and the patellofemoral pain syndrome occurrence. Although widely used in clinical practice and theoretically thought, it cannot be affirmed that increased rearfoot valgus and increased Q angle, when statically measured in relaxed stance, are associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). These measures may have limited applicability in screening of the PFPS development.

scholarly journals Is There a Relationship Between Psoriasis and Hepatitis C?: a Meta-analysis and Bioinformatics Investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Sheng Nan Cui ◽  
Meng Yao Duan ◽  
Zhi Li Dou ◽  
Yi Zhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Overlapping Genes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pathway Enrichment

Abstract Background: The relationship between psoriasis and hepatitis C was previously controversial, so our purpose is to investigate this connection.Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the case-control, cross-sectional and cohort studies examining the association between psoriasis and hepatitis C in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library databases and investigated the overlapping genes between psoriasis targets and hepatitis C targets using bioinformatics analysis. Based on overlapping genes and hub nodes, we also constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and module respectively, followed by the pathway enrichment analysis. Results: We included 11 publications that reported a total of 11 studies (8 cross-sectional and 3 case-control). The case–control and cross-sectional studies included 25,047 psoriasis patients and 4,091,631 controls in total. Psoriasis was associated with a significant increase of prevalent hepatitis C (OR 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.17-2.52)). A total of 389 significant genes were common to both hepatitis C and psoriasis, which mainly involved IL6, TNF, IL10, ALB, STAT3 and CXCL8. The module and pathway enrichment analyses showed that the common genes had the potential to influence varieties of biological pathways, including the inflammatory response, cytokine activity, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C and psoriasis.Conclusion: Patients with psoriasis display increased prevalence of hepatitis C and the basic related mechanisms between hepatitis C and psoriasis had been preliminarily clarified.

scholarly journals Epidemiological evidence relating environmental smoke to COPD in lifelong non-smokers: a systematic review

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter N. Lee ◽  
Barbara A. Forey ◽  
Katharine J. Coombs ◽  
Jan S. Hamling ◽  
Alison J. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exposure Index ◽  
Bias Estimation ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Main Index

Background: Some evidence suggests environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) might cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We reviewed available epidemiological data in never smokers. Methods: We identified epidemiological studies providing estimates of relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for various ETS exposure indices. Confounder-adjusted RRs for COPD were extracted, or derived using standard methods. Meta-analyses were conducted for each exposure index, with tests for heterogeneity and publication bias. For the main index (spouse ever smoked or nearest equivalent), analyses investigated variation in RR by location, publication period, study type, sex, diagnosis, study size, confounder adjustment, never smoker definition, and exposure index definition. Results: Twenty-eight relevant studies were identified; nine European or Middle Eastern, nine Asian, eight American and two from multiple countries. Five were prospective, seven case-control and 16 cross-sectional. The COPD definition involved death or hospitalisation in seven studies, GOLD stage 1+ criteria in twelve, and other definitions in nine. For the main index, random-effects meta-analysis of 33 heterogeneous (p<0.001) estimates gave a RR of 1.20 (95%CI 1.08-1.34). Higher estimates for females (1.59,1.16-2.19, n=11) than males (1.29,0.94-1.76, n=7) or sexes combined (1.10,0.99-1.22, n=15 where sex-specific not available), and lower estimates for studies of 150+ cases (1.08,0.97-1.20, n=13) partly explained the heterogeneity. Estimates were higher for Asian studies (1.34,1.08-1.67, n=10), case-control studies (1.55,1.04-2.32, n=8), and COPD mortality or hospitalisation (1.40,1.12-1.74, n=11). Some increase was seen for severer COPD (1.29,1.10-1.52, n=7). Dose-response evidence was heterogeneous. Evidence for childhood (0.88,0.72-1.07, n=2) and workplace (1.12,0.77-1.64, n=4) exposure was limited, but an increase was seen for overall adulthood exposure (1.20,1.03-1.39, n=17). We discuss study weaknesses that may bias estimation of the association of COPD with ETS. Conclusions: Although the evidence suggests ETS increases COPD, study weaknesses and absence of well-designed large studies precludes reliable inference of causality. More definitive evidence is required.

scholarly journals Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mobin Azami ◽  
Hamid Reza Baradaran ◽  
Parisa Kohnepoushi ◽  
Lotfolah Saed ◽  
Asra Moradkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Conflicting results of recent studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome explored the need for updated meta-analysis on this issue. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to estimate the pooled effect of H. pylori infection on the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Methods To identify case-control studies and cohort studies evaluating the association of H. pylori infection with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, a comprehensive literature search was performed from international databases including Medline (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, and CINHAL from January 1990 until January 2021. We used odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) to quantify the effect of case-control studies and risk ratio with its 95%CI for the effect of cohort studies. Results 22 studies with 206911 participants were included for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of odds ratio between H. pylori infection and metabolic syndrome in case-control studies was 1.19 (95%CI: 1.05, 1.35; I2 = 0%), and in cohort studies, the pooled risk ratio was 1.31 (95%CI: 1.13, 1.51; I2 = 0%). Besides, case-control studies showed the pooled odds ratio of 1.54 (95%CI: 1.19, 1.98; I2 = 6.88%) for the association between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance. Conclusion A positive association was found between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance as well as metabolic syndrome, so planning to eliminate or eradicate H. pylori infection could be an effective solution to improve metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance, and vice versa.

Abstract P116: Chronic Kidney Disease And Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther D Kim ◽  
Ning Ding ◽  
Junichi Ishigami ◽  
Xuejuan Ning ◽  
Yijing Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) strongly predicts sudden cardiac death and may elevate the risk of certain cardiac arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation; however, the relationships between CKD and various types of arrhythmia are not well-characterized. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching Embase and PubMed for prospective, cross-sectional, and case-control studies examining the associations of two key CKD measures, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria, with arrhythmias in adults that were published until July 2018. We performed qualitative assessment of studies using the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. We pooled the results using random-effects models. Results: Among 16,245 articles, we identified 34 prospective (n=24,213,233), 21 cross-sectional (n=253,328), and 4 case-control (n=1,694) studies that included diverse study populations from 19 countries and were mostly high quality. Most prospective studies examined the relationship between eGFR and atrial fibrillation (AF), and demonstrated that lower eGFR was associated with a higher risk of AF (pooled hazard ratio [HR] 1.72 [95% CI: 1.30, 2.27] comparing reduced vs. referent eGFR groups)[ Figure ]. A few studies examined albuminuria and demonstrated its associations with AF (pooled HR 2.16 [95% CI: 1.74, 2.67] comparing high vs. low albuminuria). Results were similar for cross-sectional studies. Four prospective studies reported a higher incidence of ventricular tachycardia resulting in ICD shock according to reduced eGFR (pooled HR 2.32 [95% CI: 1.74, 3.09] comparing reduced vs. referent eGFR groups). Limited number of studies examined other types of arrhythmia. Conclusion: We identified robust data on the relationship between CKD (eGFR and albuminuria) and AF. Reduced eGFR was associated with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Our review highlights the need of future studies for non-AF arrhythmias, especially in the context of albuminuria.

Back pain and depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 009121742091300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohrab Amiri ◽  
Sepideh Behnezhad ◽  
Esfandiar Azad
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Prevention

Background Low back pain is a common disorder that has many consequences. This study is an attempt to meta-analyze the risk of depression symptoms in back pain. Method Four databases were selected for review, and this search was conducted using key words. Eleven eligible articles were selected for review and meta-analysis was conducted. Subgroup analyses were continued with study design and the method of measuring depression. Also, the heterogeneity and publication bias were examined. Results Eleven cohort and cross-sectional articles are used in the meta-analysis between back pain and depressive symptoms. The odds ratio 2.07 was calculated for this relationship. In prospective-cohort studies, 1.71 (95% confidence interval = 1.24–2.36) results indicated that back pain is a risk factor for depression symptoms and in cross-sectional studies, pooled odds ratio (2.33; 95% confidence interval = 1.29–4.21) showed that back pain is associated with depression symptoms. Some degree of publication bias was not found in the study. Conclusions Back pain is an effective factor in increasing the likelihood of depression. Adoption of effective prevention and treatment approaches can play an important role in reducing the psychological consequences in these individuals.

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