Missed Opportunities for Vaccination in the Dominican Republic: Results of an Operational Investigation

Background. Despite the success of the Dominican Republic’s National Immunization Program, homogenous vaccine coverage has not been achieved. In October 2012, the country implemented a study on missed opportunities for vaccination (MOVs) in children aged <5 years.Methods. A cross-sectional study of 102 healthcare facilities was implemented in 30 high-risk municipalities. Overall, 1500 parents and guardians of children aged <5 years were interviewed. A MOV is defined as when a person who is eligible for vaccination and with no contraindications visits a health facility and does not receive a required vaccine. We evaluated the causes of MOVs and identified risk factors associated with MOVs in the Dominican Republic.Results. Of the 514 children with available and reliable vaccination histories, 293 (57.0%) were undervaccinated after contact with a health provider. Undervaccinated children had 836 opportunities to receive a needed vaccine. Of these, 358 (42.8%) qualified as MOVs, with at least one MOV observed in 225 children (43.7%). Factors associated with MOVs included urban geographic area (OR = 1.80;p=0.02), age 1–4 years (OR = 3.63;p≤0.0001), and the purpose of the health visit being a sick visit (OR = 1.65;p=0.02).Conclusions. MOVs were associated primarily with health workers failing to request and review patients’ immunization cards.

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Factors associated with Missed Opportunities for Vaccination among children in the first year of life at a tertiary health facility in Lagos

Annals of Health Research ◽

10.30442/ahr.0603-05-91 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 287-297

Author(s):

OA Kehinde ◽

YA Kuyinu ◽

OO Odusanya

Keyword(s):

Health Facility ◽

Health Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccination Status ◽

First Year ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Missed Opportunities ◽

Vaccination Rates ◽

Factors Associated ◽

First Year Of Life

Background: Low vaccination rates in children remain a major problem in resource-poor areas of the world. Missed opportunities for vaccination may be one of the important contributors to the menace. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of missed opportunities for vaccination and identify factors associated with this among Nigerian children in the first year of life. Methods: The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of children who were recruited consecutively and data were obtained using a questionnaire. Results: Two hundred and fifty-six children were recruited. The prevalence of missed opportunities for vaccination was 11.3%. Gender (p = 0.04) and parental socioeconomic status (p = 0.008) were significantly associated with missed opportunities for vaccination. Non- availability of required vaccines and reluctance to open a multi-dose vial of vaccine caused MOV in 55.5% and 51.8% of children respectively. The evaluation of vaccination status among subjects who were not fully vaccinated by health workers was low at 18.3%. Conclusion: The rate of missed opportunities for vaccination was low. Educating caregivers and encouraging health workers to evaluate the vaccination status of children at every contact with a health facility may reduce the prevalence of missed opportunities for vaccination.

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Misconceptions about COVID-19 among older Rohingya (forcefully displaced Myanmar nationals) adults in Bangladesh: findings from a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e050427

Author(s):

Sabuj Kanti Mistry ◽

A R M Mehrab Ali ◽

Uday Narayan Yadav ◽

Saruna Ghimire ◽

Md. Belal Hossain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Outcome ◽

Health Workers ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Cumulative Score ◽

Low Health Literacy ◽

Communication Frequency

ObjectivesDue to low health literacy and adverse situation in the camps, there are possibilities of misconceptions related to COVID-19 among the older Rohingya (forcefully displaced Myanmar nationals or FDMNs) adults in Bangladesh. The present research aimed to assess the level of misconceptions and the factors associated with it among the older FDMNs in Bangladesh.DesignCross-sectional.SettingA selected Rohingya camp situated in Cox’s Bazar, a southeastern district of Bangladesh.ParticipantsInformation was collected from 416 conveniently selected FDMNs who were aged 60 years and above.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was misconceptions related to the spread, prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Information on 14 different locally relevant misconceptions was gathered, each was scored as one, and obtained a cumulative score, ranging from 0 to 14, with a higher score indicating a higher level of misconceptions. A multiple linear regression model explored the factors associated with misconceptions.ResultsThe participants had an average of five misconceptions. The most prevalent misconceptions were: everyone should wear personal protective equipment when outside (84.6%) and its prevention by nutritious food (62.5%) and drinking water (59.3%). Other notable misconceptions included the spread of COVID-19 through mosquito bites (42%) and its transmissions only to the non/less religious person (31.4%). In regression analyses, memory or concentration problems, communication frequency with social networks, pre-existing conditions and receiving information from health workers were significantly associated with higher COVID-19 misconceptions. These misconceptions were less likely among those overwhelmed by COVID-19, having COVID-19 diagnosed friends or family members and receiving information from friends and family.ConclusionsOverall, we found that misconceptions were prevalent among the older FDMNs in Bangladesh. The associations have important implications for programmes to prevent and manage COVID-19 in these settings. Health workers need to be adequately trained to provide clear communication and counter misconceptions.

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Prevalence and factors associated with minor psychiatric disorders in hospital housekeeping workers*

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s1980-220x2016026303239 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cintia da Silva Marconato ◽

Ana Carolina de Souza Magnago ◽

Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza Magnago ◽

Graziele de Lima Dalmolin ◽

Rafaela Andolhe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Health Workers ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Study Population ◽

Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽

Minor Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract OBJECTIVE Investigating the prevalence and factors associated with minor psychiatric disorders (MPDs) in Hospital housekeeping workers. METHOD A cross-sectional study carried out in 2013 with workers from the cleaning service of a public university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected through a form containing sociodemographic, occupational, habits and health variables. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 was used in order to evaluate MPDs. RESULTS The study population consisted of 161 workers. The overall prevalence of suspected MPD was 29.3%. The chances of suspected MPDs were higher in workers with Effort-Reward Imbalance, those who did not have time or who occasionally had time for leisure activities, and those taking medications. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MPDs was similar to that found in the literature for health workers. Therefore, we consider it important to include these workers in institutional programs for continuing health education.

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Corona virus fear among health workers during the early phase of pandemic response in Nepal: a web-based cross-sectional study

10.1101/2020.11.04.367912 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pratik Khanal ◽

Navin Devkota ◽

Minakshi Dahal ◽

Kiran Paudel ◽

Shiva Raj Mishra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Family Member ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Early Phase ◽

Health Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Factors Associated

AbstractBackgroundHealth workers involved in COVID-19 response might be at risk of developing fear and psychological distress. This study aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 fear among health workers in Nepal during the early phase of pandemic.MethodsA web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in the month of April-May 2020 among 475 health workers directly involved in COVID-19 management. The Fear Scale of COVID 19 (FCV-19S) was used to measure the status of fear. Scatter plots were used to observe the relationship between fear and other psychological outcomes: anxiety, depression and insomnia. Multivariable logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with COVID fear.ResultsCOVID-19 fear score was moderately correlated with anxiety and depression, and weakly correlated with insomnia (p<0.001). Nurses (AOR=2.29; 95% CI: 1.23-4.26), health workers experiencing stigma (AOR=1.83; 95% CI: 1.12-2.73), those working in affected district(AOR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.12-2.77) and presence of family member with chronic diseases (AOR=1.50; 95% CI: 1.01-2.25) was associated with higher odds of developing COVID-19 fear as compared to other health workers, health workers not experiencing stigma, working in non-affected district and not having family member with chronic diseases respectively.ConclusionNurses, health workers facing stigma, those working in affect district and having family member with chronic diseases were more at risk of developing COVID-19 fear. It is thus recommended to improve work environment to reduce fear among health workers, employ stigma reduction interventions, and ensure personal and family support for those having family member with chronic diseases.

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Factors associated with 2009 monovalent H1N1 vaccine coverage: A cross sectional study of 1308 patients with psoriasis in France

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.014 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (39) ◽

pp. 5703-5707 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Emilie Sbidian ◽

Florence Tubach ◽

Blandine Pasquet ◽

Carle Paul ◽

Denis Jullien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

H1n1 Vaccine ◽

Factors Associated

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Factors Associated with Migration in Individuals Affected by Leprosy, Maranhão, Brazil: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/495076 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Murto ◽

C. Kaplan ◽

L. Ariza ◽

K. Schwarz ◽

C. H. Alencar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Health Sector ◽

Healthcare Facility ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Future Research ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthcare Facilities ◽

Factors Associated

In Brazil, leprosy is endemic and concentrated in high-risk clusters. Internal migration is common in the country and may influence leprosy transmission and hamper control efforts. We performed a cross-sectional study with two separate analyses evaluating factors associated with migration in Brazil’s Northeast: one among individuals newly diagnosed with leprosy and the other among a clinically unapparent population with no symptoms of leprosy for comparison. We included 394 individuals newly diagnosed with leprosy and 391 from the clinically unapparent population. Of those with leprosy, 258 (65.5%) were birth migrants, 105 (26.6%) were past five-year migrants, and 43 (10.9%) were circular migrants. In multivariate logistic regression, three independent factors were found to be significantly associated with migration among those with leprosy: (1) alcohol consumption, (2) separation from family/friends, and (3) difficulty reaching the healthcare facility. Separation from family/friends was also associated with migration in the clinically unapparent population. The health sector may consider adapting services to meet the needs of migrating populations. Future research is needed to explore risks associated with leprosy susceptibility from life stressors, such as separation from family and friends, access to healthcare facilities, and alcohol consumption to establish causal relationships.

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Missed opportunities for vaccination among children aged 0–23 months visiting health facilities in a southwest State of Nigeria, December 2019

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0252798 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0252798

Author(s):

Akinola Ayoola Fatiregun ◽

Laura Nic Lochlainn ◽

Lassané Kaboré ◽

Modupeola Dosumu ◽

Elvis Isere ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Service ◽

Health Workers ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Service Encounter ◽

Childhood Immunization ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Missed Opportunities ◽

Attitudes And Practices

Background Despite efforts to improve childhood immunization coverage in Nigeria, coverage has remained below the national acceptable level. In December 2019, we conducted an assessment of Missed Opportunities for Vaccination (MOV) in Ondo State, in Southwest Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the magnitude of, explore the reasons for, as well as possible solutions for reducing MOV in the State. Methods This was a cross-sectional study using a mixed-methods approach. We purposively selected 66 health facilities in three local government authorities, with a non-probabilistic sampling of caregivers of children 0–23 months for exit interviews, and health workers for knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) surveys. Data collection was complemented with focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with caregivers and health workers. The proportion of MOV among children with documented vaccination histories were determined and thematic analysis of the qualitative data was carried out. Results 984 caregivers with children aged 0–23 months were interviewed, of which 869 were eligible for inclusion in our analysis. The prevalence of MOV was 32.8%. MOV occurred among 90.8% of children during non-vaccination visits, and 7.3% during vaccination visits. Vaccine doses recommended later in the immunization series were given in a less timely manner. Among 41.0% of health workers, they reported their vaccination knowledge was insufficient. Additionally, 57.5% were concerned about and feared adverse events following immunization. Caregivers were found to have a low awareness about vaccination, and issues related to the organization of the health system were found to contribute towards MOV. Conclusions One in three children experienced a MOV during a health service encounter. Potential interventions to reduce MOV include training of health workers about immunization policies and practices, improving caregivers’ engagement and screening of vaccination documentation by health workers during every health service encounter.

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Incomplete vaccination for conjugated meningococcal C and hepatitis B at municipal, state and federal level: 2015 a 2019

Scientific Electronic Archives ◽

10.36560/141120211463 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Dias de Borba ◽

Carlos Eduardo da Cunha Nascimento ◽

Gabriel Mael Sussuarana Silva Lobo ◽

Lucca Gonçalo de Castro Lima ◽

Camila Lays Winter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The State ◽

National Immunization Program ◽

Immunization Program ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

National Immunization

Brazil has the National Immunization Program for disease prevention that offers nineteen vaccines, yet it is known that vaccination coverage according to age is not always reached. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the vaccination coverage in the municipality of Sinop, in the Mato Grosso state and in the Brazil for meningococcal C conjugate vaccines and Hepatitis B in the period from 2015 to 2019. Method: This is a descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study, with data available in the Information System of the National Immunization Program. Results: Vaccination coverage for mingococcal C in children under one year in Sinop was above the target in 2015 and 2018, Mato Grosso was above only in 2015, for the booster dose only Sinop was above the target in 2016. Coverage for hepatitis B in children under 30 days of life demonstrated that Sinop had coverage above the state of Mato Grosso, which in turn was above Brazil. For children under 1 year old, only in 2016 and 2019 the state presented greater vaccination coverage at the expense of Sinop and Brazil. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that there is hesitation on the part of the population regarding vaccination, being greater in vaccines such as meningococcal C. Strengthening childcare is the key to improving the panorama of vaccine coverage.

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Factors associated with retention of community health workers in maternal, newborn and child health programme in Simiyu Region, Tanzania

African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine ◽

10.4102/phcfm.v10i1.1506 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

David P. Ngilangwa ◽

George S. Mgomella

Keyword(s):

Community Health ◽

Community Health Workers ◽

Financial Incentives ◽

Health Workers ◽

Medical Practitioner ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Health Programme ◽

Health Programmes

Background: Attrition of community health workers (CHWs) continues to threaten the full realisation and sustainability of community-based health programmes globally. Aim: This study aimed to understand factors associated with CHWs’ recruitment and their retention. Setting: This study was conducted in five districts of the Simiyu Region, namely, Bariadi, Busega, Itilima, Maswa and Meatu in north-western Tanzania. Methods: In this cross-sectional study design, 341 CHWs who were working with the maternal health programme were randomly selected. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to all participants. Data were descriptively and inferentially analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: Majority (58.0%) of CHWs were below 35 years. Over half (53.1%) had completed primary education only. Motivation factors for being CHW were aspiration to serve the community and desire for further training to become a qualified medical practitioner. Community recognition and financial incentives were among the key retention reasons for the CHWs. Being married (odds ratio [OR] 5.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7–20.1) having prior volunteer experience (OR 10.5 95% CI 12.7–40.5) and prior employment OR 21.8 (CI 12.2–38.9) were positively associated with retention of CHWs, while being a female was negatively associated with retention OR 0.4 (CI 0.2–0.8). Conclusions: Both financial and non-financial incentives were critical in contributing to the retention of CHWs. Thus, health programmes should carefully select CHWs by understanding their motives beforehand, and provide them with incentives.

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Determinants of awareness regarding immunization among parents of children residing in an urban slum of a metro city

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183592 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 4037

Author(s):

Sandeep S. Hedaoo ◽

Swati R. Deshpande ◽

Vijay L. Badge

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Accurate Information ◽

Health Providers ◽

Immunization Program ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

National Immunization ◽

One Year ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Background: Many families lack accurate information and knowledge about need for immunization, the need for subsequent dose(s), and the importance of completing the entire immunization schedule. Considering this fact present study was undertaken to identify the factors influencing knowledge of parents regarding immunization.Methods: It’s a cross sectional study conducted for a period of one year in an urban slum area of Malad, Mumbai. Children aged 12-24 months in the study area were included and their parents interviewed using semi structured questionnaire which was validated with the help of a pilot study.Results: Ninety seven percent respondents had heard about immunization. Only 2.8% of them were not aware about immunization. Total 30.5% of respondents could correctly identify the purpose of immunization i.e. protection of child from disease. Almost 65.2% of them did not know vaccines given under national immunization program. Fever (72.3%) was commonest side effect reported by respondents followed by swelling (38.3%). Reasons for lack of knowledge were ignorance about immunization (31.0%), followed by enough information was not received from health providers (24.1%).Conclusions: Knowledge regarding immunisation is very poor among the residents of urban slums of Mumbai. IEC material regarding immunization should be displayed in waiting areas of immunization clinic and several strategic places in the community. There is a need for additional training or capacity building of health workers to improve their attitudes towards clients, and to strengthen their ability to counsel regarding immunization.

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