scholarly journals Expression of TSLP and Downstream Molecules IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 on the Eye Surface of Patients with Various Types of Allergic Conjunctivitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofen Zheng ◽  
Juan Yao ◽  
Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conjunctival Cells ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Normal Controls

Background.The pathogenesis of allergic conjunctivitis has not been clearly established. Moreover, previous studies fail to consider human models of allergic conjunctivitis. This study investigated the expression of thymic stromal lymphopoiet in TSLP and its downstream molecules in conjunctival scrappings and tear.Methods.This cross-sectional study compares patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), and perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC) with normal controls. There are 80 people recorded in Shanxi Eye Hospital. Increasingly, 20 are with VKC, 20 are with SAC, 20 are with PAC, and the remaining 20 are normal controls. Conjunctiva were harvested for total RNA extraction and gene expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Epithelial cells were collected to make pathological sections for immunohistochemical staining. Human tears were evaluated by Luminex microbead assay. APvalue less than 0.05 from Dunnett’s post hoc test in SPSS means a statistical significant distinction.Results.Positive expression in conjunctival cells of patients with allergic conjunctivitis. The expression of TSLP and IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 mRNA shows a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). TSLP and IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 concentrations show a statistically significant difference (P<0.01).Conclusions.This study suggests that TSLP and downstream molecules are expressed in patients with various types of allergic conjunctivitis.

scholarly journals Posterior chain flexibility and lower back pain in farm workers

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Marcia Regina da Silva ◽  
Lucimare Ferraz ◽  
Fátima Ferretti ◽  
Cristiane Sfredo
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chain Flexibility ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Introduction: Flexibility is an essential component of physical aptitude that reduces the incidence of muscle distention and improves movement efficiency and posture. Objective: To analyze posterior chain flexibility and lower back pain (LBP) in farm workers from a city in western Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Methods: Quantitative and cross-sectional study conducted with 185 rural workers, average age of 44.24 (±10.83) years. The Rural Worker Health Questionnaire, containing individual issues related to work; sit and reach box, goniometer, visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry and Roland-Morris questionnaires were used to evaluate posterior chain flexibility, hamstring muscle length, pain and lumbar spine dysfunction, respectively. Flexibility was compared with the degree of dysfunction using one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: 181 (97.8%) workers reported LBP symptoms: 100% of the women and 95.2% of the men. The average Oswestry score was 7.09 (±8.25), Roland-Morris 1.22 (±1.63), and VAS 5.81 (±2.5). Average flexibility by the sit and reach test (SRT) was 23.91cm (±18.81); straight leg raise (SLR), 66° (±11.77) and popliteal angle 123.21° (±12.45). There was a significant difference in the popliteal angle (p = 0.003) and SLR (0.001) when compared with the degree of dysfunction. Women showed significant differences in all tests; however, the post hoc test showed a significant difference only in the SRT (p = 0.013), and women with minimal dysfunction had greater flexibility in relation to those with severe dysfunction. Conclusion: Self-reported LBP was severe and women with higher levels of dysfunction exhibited less posterior chain flexibility.

scholarly journals Changes in retina's vascular and nervous structures in patients with hypertension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Run-ze Zhao ◽  
Melba Márquez Fernández ◽  
Maria Cáceres Toledo ◽  
Teddy Osmin Tamargo Barbeito ◽  
Guo-xun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction: This study aims to analyze the correlation between hypertension (HTN) and changes in the retina's vascular and nervous structures in patients with hypertension.Method: This was a cross-sectional study, which included a group of 45 subjects who did not suffer from hypertension (HTN) (Group 1), other two groups of 51 patients with controlled (Group 2) and not controlled (Group 3) HTN. Changes in vascular and nervous structures were identified and evaluated by ophthalmoscopy and OCT, respectively. Parametric and non-parametric tests, Post-hoc, Pearson, and Spearman correlation were used, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: We observed hypertensive retinopathy (HTNR G I and II) in both groups with HTN, with a significant difference (p=0.023). We found a lower average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), the average and minimum ganglion cell complex (GCC) in the patients of groups 2 and 3 than those of group 1. We found a negative and slight correlation between systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and HTNR with superior GCC thickness in hypertensive patients.Conclusions: hypertension correlated to changes in the retina's vascular and nervous structures, and the nervous structure alterations were not visible by ophthalmoscopy but detected by OCT.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN RERATA FAKTOR HEMOSTASIS PADA PEB, EKLAMPSIA DAN KEHAMILAN NORMAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Yogi Syofyan ◽  
Joserizal Serudji ◽  
Hafni Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Keywords Pregnancy ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
D Dimer

There will be multiple organs changes in preeclampsia and eclampsia. One of them is a change in hemostasis system which is platelet activation, extrinsic and intrinsic cascade reaction and increasing of fibrinolytic activation. This is a cross sectional study conducted at Obstetric and Gynecologic Departement of Medical Faculty of Andalas University/ M Djamil Central Hospital in Padang on July 2014 with the number of samples are 44 persons. Samples are divided into 3 groups: Severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, and normal pregnancy. Platelet, PT,APTT, and D-Dimer counting were conducted and statistic analyzed was done with Anova dan Post Hoc Bonferoni. The more severe pregnancy, the lower platelet count and PT, but the dif- ference is not statistically significant between three groups: severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, and normal pregnancy (p < 0,05). Mean of APTT and D-Dimer is statistically significant due to condition of pregnancy. Post Hoc Bonferroni analysis showed a significant difference of APTT mean in the eclampsia, severe pre-eclampsia, and normal pregnancy (p <0,05 ). D-Dimer Mean shows a significant difference between normal pregnancy, severe preeclampsia, and eclampsia (p <0,05).Keywords: Pregnancy condition, severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, normal pregnancy, platelet, PT, APTT, and D-Dimer

scholarly journals A community based study on age of menarche among adolescent girls in Aligarh

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farha Tarannum ◽  
Najam Khalique ◽  
Uzma Eram
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scheffe Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Age Of Menarche

Background: Age at menarche reflects the health status of a population. This marks the beginning of sexual maturation and is affected by various factors. This study measured the menarcheal age of adolescent girls in Aligarh and explored factors that could influence the onset of menarche.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study in schools under Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh was undertaken. A total of 422 girls were taken by systematic random sampling with probability proportionate to size. Data was analysed statistically by ANOVA and post hoc Scheffe test using SPSS Version 20.Results: Majority of the study population (69.9%) had attained menarche between 12-14 years. The mean age of menarche is 12.52±1.415. On analysis of variance (ANOVA) testing, the age of menarche was significantly associated with socioeconomic class (p=0.002). On applying post hoc Scheffe test there was a significant difference in the mean age of menarche between class 1 and class 5 (p=0.01).Conclusions: In this study most of the girls attained menarche between 12-14 years. Socio economic class and birth order had influenced the age of menarche. Mothers were main source of information on attainment of menarche. 

scholarly journals Children’s Social Perception of Peers’ Dento-Facial Condition: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1480-1485
Author(s):  
Sunil Babu Kotha ◽  
Ayah AlMenawi ◽  
Reem Abdullah AlKhalaf ◽  
Alhanouf Khalid Binhezaim ◽  
Turki Hamdan AlHarbi
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Facial Condition

AIMS: This study aimed to compare the participant’s perceptions about their peers’ dento-facial condition with different incisal appearances (intact, discoloured, fractured, and avulsed incisors).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among schoolchildren of both primary (8-11 years) and secondary (12-14 years) levels. Each participant was asked to judge photographs with one intact and three digitally modified central incisors giving the appearance of a traumatised tooth. Data on perceptions were collected for each condition using 12 attributes (8 positive and 4 negative; scored on a 4 point Likert scale). The positive, negative and total attribute scores were analysed separately by unpaired Student’s t-test. Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc analysis was also used.RESULTS: A group of 587 children participated in the study. The perception for intact and traumatised incisors about demographic factors is well appreciated. Among the gender delineation, girls showed a significant difference in judgment between discoloured and fractured incisors. In comparison to intact incisors, positive and total attributable scores were found to be significantly higher (P < 0.001), whereas negative attribute scores were significantly lower (P < 0.001) for traumatised incisors. Pairwise comparison showed high significance (p <0.001) between the intact and traumatised incisor conditions.CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that visible dental trauma influenced the psychosocial judgment given by children towards their peers. This judgment would, in turn, affect their level of acceptance towards such appearances. Therefore, these conditions ought to be redressed as swiftly as possible.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The primary purpose of this study was to highlight the psychosocial perceptions of children in judging their peers, regarding not only attractiveness but also intelligence, friendliness, confidence, outgoing nature, etc.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and nutrient adequacy against serum prolactin levels in lactating mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Giyawati Yulilania Okinarum ◽  
Lestariningsih Lestariningsih ◽  
Afroh Fauziah
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Single Blood Sample

The COVID-19 pandemic is creating global disruption, every area of life is touched. One area that has an impact, is breastfeeding, which is caused by nutritional status and nutrient adequacy during the pandemic, this condition affects prolactin release. Prolactin hormone stimulates and initiatiates of milk secretion. Midwives employed in maternal-child settings play a pivotal role in facilitating and supporting lactating mothers. This study aimed to identify and analyze the nutritional status and nutrient adequacy against serum prolactin levels in lactating mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sixty lactating mothers from Sleman Regency and Yogyakarta city participated in this cross-sectional study. All were between 0-3 postpartum months. A single blood sample was collected from women at 7-9 am. Serum samples were stored at 2-8⁰C before the prolactin assay by using VIDAS®. Data analysis using Kruskal Wallis followed by Post-Hoc Mann Whitney. Results found a statistically significant difference in serum prolactin levels between underweight vs normoweight and normoweight vs overweight (p0.05), but there was no significant difference in serum prolactin levels between underweight vs overweight (p0.05). Significant differences in serum prolactin levels also found in the nutrient adequacy (energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat) (p 0.05). Thus, normoweight and adequate macronutrient during breastfeeding in the COVID-19 pandemic situation had better serum prolavtin levels than underweight, overweight and inadequate macronutrient.

scholarly journals Mechanobehavioral Scores in Women with and without TMJ Disc Displacement

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Iwasaki ◽  
Y.M. Gonzalez ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
M. Markova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Disc Displacement ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recording Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tmj Disc ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Work Done

Cartilage fatigue may be a factor in the precocious development of degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This cross-sectional study estimated potential for cartilage fatigue via TMJ energy densities (ED) and jaw muscle duty factors (DF), which were combined to calculate mechanobehavioral scores (MBS) in women with (+) and without (–) bilateral TMJ disc displacement (DD). All subjects gave informed consent to participate and were examined using Diagnostic Criteria (DC) for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) images. Forty-seven subjects were categorized into +DD ( n = 29) and –DD ( n = 18) groups. Dynamic stereometry (MR images combined with jaw-tracking data) characterized individual-specific data of TMJ stress-field mechanics to determine ED (ED = W/ Q mJ/mm3, where W = work done, Q = volume of cartilage) during 10 symmetrical jaw-closing cycles with a 20-N mandibular right canine load. Subjects were trained to record masseter and temporalis electromyography over 3 days and 3 nights. Root mean square electromyography/bite-force calibrations determined subject-specific masseter and temporalis muscle activities per 20-N bite-force (T20 N, µV), which defined thresholds. Muscle DF (DF = % duration of muscle activity/total recording time) were determined for a range of thresholds, and MBS (ED2 × DF) were calculated. Intergroup differences in ED, DF, and MBS were assessed via analyses of variance with Bonferroni and Tukey honest significant difference post hoc tests. Average ED for contralateral TMJs was significantly larger ( P = 0.012) by 1.4-fold in +DD compared to –DD subjects. Average DF were significantly larger (all P < 0.01) for +DD compared to –DD subjects by 1.7-, 2.5-, and 1.9-fold for day, night, and overall, respectively. Daytime MBS were significantly larger (all P < 0.04) by up to 8.5-fold in +DD compared to –DD subjects. Significantly larger ED, DF, and MBS were shown in women with compared to women without bilateral TMJ DD.

scholarly journals Secular Change in Body Size and Somatotype of Indonesian Children aged 7–15 Years (1999–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 419-427
Author(s):  
Neni Trilusiana Rahmawati ◽  
Janatin Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secular Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Secular Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

BACKGROUND: Secular changes assessment can help identifying the quality of health, wealth, and nutrition among populations and provide suggestions for policymakers. AIM: To examine the secular changes in weight, height, body mass index, and somatotype in Indonesian children between 1999 and 2019. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1999 and 2019 on 2021 children aged 7–15 years in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight, humerus and femur breadths, circumferences of upper arm and calf; skinfold thickness of triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, and calf were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as kg/m2. Somatotype components were defined by the Carter-Heath method. Statistical analyses used were three-ways ANOVA and least significant difference post hoc tests. RESULTS: Significant differences for boys and girls were found for height, weight, BMI, and three components of somatotype across the 2-time points. The boys in period 2019 were the tallest and girls were the heaviest, and for BMI, the highest value was observed in 2019 (girls). The children in the 1999 period had somatotype values 3.3 - 3.3 - 3.7 (boys) and 3.9 - 3.0 - 3.5 (girls), while in the 2019 period the somatotype values for boys were 3.5 - 4.5 - 3.0 and 4.3 - 4.1 - 2.4 for girls. CONCLUSION: In general, based on the order of age, there is a similar pattern between children in the two periods. Among Indonesian children from 1999 to 2019, there were positive trends in weight, BMI, endomorph, and mesomorph components, whereas a negative trend for the ectomorph component.

The prevalence of keratoconus in children with allergic eye disease in an Egyptian population

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212094269
Author(s):  
Alyaa Saeed Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed-Sameh H El-Agha ◽  
Mahmoud Osama Khaled ◽  
Shireen Mostafa Shousha
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Ocular Allergy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of keratoconus (KC) among children with ocular allergy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all children presenting with ocular allergic disease from September 2017 to September 2018. All study participants were subjected to history taking (a specially designed questionnaire), routine ophthalmological examination, and corneal tomography. Results: A total of 79% of the study patients had vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) while the remaining had perennial allergic conjunctivitis (10%), seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (9%) and atopic keratoconjunctivitis (2%). Manifest KC was seen in 7% of cases, suspect KC was found in 27% of cases, and 66% had no evidence of KC. For the manifest KC, 56% had clinical signs, while 44% were diagnosed by tomography. For the purpose of statistical analysis, the cohort was divided into group KC (manifest or suspicious KC) and group non-KC (no KC). The mean age was 11.2 years in group KC, and 9 years in group non-KC ( p < 0.001). The mean duration of allergic symptoms was 3.75 years in group KC, and 2.5 years in group non-KC ( p = 0.001). The mean duration of eye rubbing was 2.5 years in group KC, and 0.83 years in group non-KC ( p = 0.02). Systemic atopy was present in 35.3% of group KC, and in 12.5% in group non-KC ( p = 0.005). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of KC was 34%. Risk factors for the development of KC in patients with ocular allergy were age, duration of symptoms specially eye rubbing, systemic atopy and VKC. Tomographic diagnosis of KC can be present in absence of clinical signs.

scholarly journals Personality Profiles in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Robabeh Soleimani ◽  
◽  
Mir Mohammad Jalali ◽  
Arezu Bour ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Normal Controls

Background: Psychological factors can be associated with allergic disorders. However, no particular personality pattern associated with these disorders has yet been identified. Objectives: This study aimed at comparing the personality profiles of patients with perennial allergic rhinitis and normal controls. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 50 adult people with persistent allergic rhinitis for at least one year and 50 age- and sex-matched normal controls that completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). A multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) was carried out to discover possible personality differences between the two groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS v. 19 software. Results: The results of the MMPI showed no significant difference between the two groups in the validity scales (P=0.29). The most common modal validity presentation style in both groups was neutral self-presentation. The MANCOVA analysis showed significantly high scores on the hypochondriasis (F=18.13, P<0.005, partial η2 =0.16) and hysteria scales in allergic rhinitis subjects (F=8.68, P=0.04, partial η2 =0.08) compared with normal controls. The most common profiles with high scores in the allergic rhinitis subjects were schizophrenia (52%, P<0.01) and hypochondriasis (50%, P<0.01). These scales emphasized the feelings of isolation and discomfort in allergic people. The frequency of psychasthenia scale, which measures long lasting anxiety, was significantly different between the two groups (40% in allergic rhinitis subjects vs. 10% in normal controls, odds ratio=6 [95%CI 1.9-22.3], P<0.001). Conclusion: The score of psychological health is lower among allergic people than in normal contro

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