scholarly journals PERBEDAAN RERATA FAKTOR HEMOSTASIS PADA PEB, EKLAMPSIA DAN KEHAMILAN NORMAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Yogi Syofyan ◽  
Joserizal Serudji ◽  
Hafni Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Keywords Pregnancy ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
D Dimer

There will be multiple organs changes in preeclampsia and eclampsia. One of them is a change in hemostasis system which is platelet activation, extrinsic and intrinsic cascade reaction and increasing of fibrinolytic activation. This is a cross sectional study conducted at Obstetric and Gynecologic Departement of Medical Faculty of Andalas University/ M Djamil Central Hospital in Padang on July 2014 with the number of samples are 44 persons. Samples are divided into 3 groups: Severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, and normal pregnancy. Platelet, PT,APTT, and D-Dimer counting were conducted and statistic analyzed was done with Anova dan Post Hoc Bonferoni. The more severe pregnancy, the lower platelet count and PT, but the dif- ference is not statistically significant between three groups: severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, and normal pregnancy (p < 0,05). Mean of APTT and D-Dimer is statistically significant due to condition of pregnancy. Post Hoc Bonferroni analysis showed a significant difference of APTT mean in the eclampsia, severe pre-eclampsia, and normal pregnancy (p <0,05 ). D-Dimer Mean shows a significant difference between normal pregnancy, severe preeclampsia, and eclampsia (p <0,05).Keywords: Pregnancy condition, severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, normal pregnancy, platelet, PT, APTT, and D-Dimer

scholarly journals Role of biomarkers in predicting prognosis of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A retrospective cross-sectional study: Perspective of a tertiary care hospital in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 081-090
Author(s):  
Arushi Mohan ◽  
Padmini SN ◽  
Brunda MS ◽  
Abhinaya Shekhar ◽  
Paul Matthew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Oxygen Requirement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
D Dimer

Background: COVID-19 is a novel disease triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a beta coronavirus similar to MERS-CoV and SARS CoV. Inflammatory markers have a vital role in the pathogenesis of nCOVID 19; understanding the importance of these inflammatory markers in determining disease status is essential given the impact of the disease on healthcare. Thus, being able to triage cases with minimal tests is momentous to capture, which we have investigated as per our study guidelines of the role of inflammatory markers such as D-dimer, CRP (C - reactive protein), Ferritin, LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) in patients with COVID 19. In addition, limited data is available comparing the utility of these inflammatory markers to predict the following parameters as the need for ICU, oxygen support requirement, and duration of in-hospital stay, which can help guide the management protocol. Aim: This study aims to determine markers associated with poor prognosis in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objectives: 1) To assess the inflammatory markers that are routinely investigated in COVID- 19 patients. 2) To determine the most probable factor to estimate severity in COVID- 19 and thus predict prognosis. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional observational study of patients who tested SARS COV 2 positive by RT PCR. The laboratory inflammatory markers, namely Lactate Dehydrogenase, C reactive protein, D-dimer, Ferritin, were assessed in the selected patients, and their clinical data and demographic details were taken into account. The parameters considered for contributing to the severity included the number of days of stay in the hospital, oxygen requirement, and ICU needs. Analyses relied upon analysis of variance for cross-sectional study design and a P< 0.05 statistical significance criterion. Results: There was a statistically significant difference found between oxygen requirement and D dimer (p<0.001), LDH (p= 0.002), and CRP (p= 0.024). There was a statistically significant difference found between admission to ICU and D Dimer (p= 0.001). Conclusion: A statistically significant association between the increasing D-dimer levels and all the outcome measures considered was found. The D-dimer, LDH, and CRP help predict oxygen requirement, and all the inflammatory markers can predict the number of days of stay in the hospital.

scholarly journals Children’s Social Perception of Peers’ Dento-Facial Condition: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1480-1485
Author(s):  
Sunil Babu Kotha ◽  
Ayah AlMenawi ◽  
Reem Abdullah AlKhalaf ◽  
Alhanouf Khalid Binhezaim ◽  
Turki Hamdan AlHarbi
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Facial Condition

AIMS: This study aimed to compare the participant’s perceptions about their peers’ dento-facial condition with different incisal appearances (intact, discoloured, fractured, and avulsed incisors).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among schoolchildren of both primary (8-11 years) and secondary (12-14 years) levels. Each participant was asked to judge photographs with one intact and three digitally modified central incisors giving the appearance of a traumatised tooth. Data on perceptions were collected for each condition using 12 attributes (8 positive and 4 negative; scored on a 4 point Likert scale). The positive, negative and total attribute scores were analysed separately by unpaired Student’s t-test. Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc analysis was also used.RESULTS: A group of 587 children participated in the study. The perception for intact and traumatised incisors about demographic factors is well appreciated. Among the gender delineation, girls showed a significant difference in judgment between discoloured and fractured incisors. In comparison to intact incisors, positive and total attributable scores were found to be significantly higher (P < 0.001), whereas negative attribute scores were significantly lower (P < 0.001) for traumatised incisors. Pairwise comparison showed high significance (p <0.001) between the intact and traumatised incisor conditions.CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that visible dental trauma influenced the psychosocial judgment given by children towards their peers. This judgment would, in turn, affect their level of acceptance towards such appearances. Therefore, these conditions ought to be redressed as swiftly as possible.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The primary purpose of this study was to highlight the psychosocial perceptions of children in judging their peers, regarding not only attractiveness but also intelligence, friendliness, confidence, outgoing nature, etc.

scholarly journals Serum Nephrin Levels in Severe Preeclampsia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Meice Fitrina ◽  
Sofie R. Krisnadi ◽  
Hartanto Bayuaji
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elisa Kit

Abstract Objective: To determine differences in serum nephrin levels in severe preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancy and also its correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure and proteinuria.Methods: This study is an analytical observational with cross sectional study. The observation group consisted of severe preeclampsia (n= 30) and normal pregnancy group as a control (n= 30). Both groups measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure, proteinuria and serum nephrin using the Human NPHN (Nephrin) ELISA Kit. Statistical test were performed with Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman’s rank test. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. The study was conducted in the Obstetric Clinic Inward and Laboratorium Department of Clinical Pathology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran on March–May 2019.Results: Levels of serum nephrin in the severe preeclampsia group were significantly higher than in normal pregnancies (6.4 ng/mL vs 4.2 ng/mL; p= 0.014). There is a positive weak correlation but statistically significant between serum nephrin with systolic blood pressure (r= 0.36; p= 0.02) but not significant to diastolic blood pressure (r= 0.3; p= 0.05). There is no significant correlation was found between serum nephrin levels and proteinuria (r= 0.18; p= 0.54).Conlusions:  Levels of serum nephrin in the severe preeclampsia group were significantly higher than in normal pregnancies and there is a correlation between serum nephrin with systolic blood pressure. Keywords: blood pressure, proteinuria, serum nephrin, podocyte, severe preeclampsia. Abstrak Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar nephrin serum pada preeklamsia berat dibandingkan dengan kehamilan normal dan juga hubungannya dengan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik serta proteinuria.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional dengan pendekatan potong silang. Kelompok pengamatan terdiri dari kelompok preeklamsia berat (n= 30) dan kelompok kehamilan normal sebagai kontrol (n= 30). Pada kedua kelompok dilakukan pengukuran tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik, proteinuria serta pengukuran kadar nephrin serum menggunakan Human NPHN (Nephrin) ELISA Kit. Uji statistik dilakukan dengan uji Mann-Whitney dan uji rank Spearman. Nilai p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Penelitian dilakukan di ruang perawatan obstetri FKUP/RSHS dan Laboratorium Patologi Klinik FKUP/RSHS pada bulan Maret-Mei 2019.Hasil: Rerata kadar nephrin serum pada kelompok preeklamsia berat lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan kehamilan normal (6,4 ng/mL vs 4,2 ng/mL; p= 0,014). Terdapat korelasi positif dengan derajat lemah namun bermakna secara statistik antara nephrin serum dengan tekanan darah sistolik (r= 0,36; p= 0,02) namun tidak signifikan terhadap tekanan darah diastolik (r= 0,3; p= 0,05). Tidak ditemukan korelasi yang bermakna antara kadar nephrin serum dengan proteinuria (r= 0,18; p= 0,54). Kesimpulan: Kadar nephrin serum pada kelompok preeklamsia berat lebih tinggi dibandingkan kehamilan normal dan terdapat korelasi antara nephrin serum dengan tekanan darah sistolik. Kata kunci: nephrin serum, podosit, preeklamsia berat, proteinuria, tekanan darah

scholarly journals Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) status in severe preeclampsia and preterm birth: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Irwinda ◽  
Rabbania Hiksas ◽  
Aprilia Asthasari Siregar ◽  
Yudianto Budi Saroyo ◽  
Noroyono Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractLong-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (LCPUFA) is essential throughout pregnancy, since deficiency of LPUFA may linked to obstetrical complications. This study aimed to investigate LCPUFA status in severe preeclampsia and preterm birth. A cross sectional study was conducted in 104 pregnant women, which divided into normal pregnancy, severe preeclampsia and preterm birth groups. Serum percentage and concentration of total LCPUFA, omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-6, linoleic acid (LA), and arachidonic acid (AA) were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Severe preeclampsia showed the highest concentration of total PUFA and the lowest DHA percentage, with significantly higher Omega-6/Omega-3 ratio (p = 0.004) and lower omega-3 index (p < 0.002) compared to control. Preterm birth showed the least omega-3 concentrations, with significantly low omega-6 derivates (LA (p = 0.014) and AA (p = 0.025)) compared to control. LCPUFA parameters have shown to increase the risk in both conditions, particularly ALA ≤ 53 µmol/L in preeclampsia with OR 5.44, 95%CI 1.16–25.42 and preterm birth with OR 4.68, 95%CI 1.52–14.38. These findings suggest that severe preeclampsia and preterm birth have an imbalance in LCPUFA status.

scholarly journals Comparison of predicted psychological distress among workers between artificial intelligence and psychiatrists: a cross-sectional study in Tsukuba Science City, Japan

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e046265
Author(s):  
Shotaro Doki ◽  
Shinichiro Sasahara ◽  
Daisuke Hori ◽  
Yuichi Oi ◽  
Tsukasa Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Data

ObjectivesPsychological distress is a worldwide problem and a serious problem that needs to be addressed in the field of occupational health. This study aimed to use artificial intelligence (AI) to predict psychological distress among workers using sociodemographic, lifestyle and sleep factors, not subjective information such as mood and emotion, and to examine the performance of the AI models through a comparison with psychiatrists.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingWe conducted a survey on psychological distress and living conditions among workers. An AI model for predicting psychological distress was created and then the results were compared in terms of accuracy with predictions made by psychiatrists.ParticipantsAn AI model of the neural network and six psychiatrists.Primary outcomeThe accuracies of the AI model and psychiatrists for predicting psychological distress.MethodsIn total, data from 7251 workers were analysed to predict moderate and severe psychological distress. An AI model of the neural network was created and accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Six psychiatrists used the same data as the AI model to predict psychological distress and conduct a comparison with the AI model.ResultsThe accuracies of the AI model and psychiatrists for predicting moderate psychological distress were 65.2% and 64.4%, respectively, showing no significant difference. The accuracies of the AI model and psychiatrists for predicting severe psychological distress were 89.9% and 85.5%, respectively, indicating that the AI model had significantly higher accuracy.ConclusionsA machine learning model was successfully developed to screen workers with depressed mood. The explanatory variables used for the predictions did not directly ask about mood. Therefore, this newly developed model appears to be able to predict psychological distress among workers easily, regardless of their subjective views.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dysmenorrhoea, associated risk factors and its relationship with academic performance among graduating female university students in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e043814
Author(s):  
Mesfin Tadese ◽  
Andargachew Kassa ◽  
Abebaw Abeje Muluneh ◽  
Girma Altaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

ObjectivesThe study aimed to provide an association between dysmenorrhoea and academic performance among university students in Ethiopia. Further, the study attempts to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of dysmenorrhoea.Design and methodInstitution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 April to 28 April 2019. A semistructured and pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary logistic regression analysis and one-way analysis of variance were performed to model dysmenorrhoea and academic performance, respectively.Setting and participantsEthiopia (2019: n=647 female university students).OutcomesThe primary outcome is dysmenorrhoea, which has been defined as painful menses that prevents normal activity and requires medication. The self-reported cumulative grade point average of students was used as a proxy measure of academic performance, which is the secondary outcome.ResultsThe prevalence of dysmenorrhoea was 317 (51.5%). The educational status of father (adjusted OR (AOR) (95% CI) 2.64 (1.04 to 6.66)), chocolate consumption (AOR (95% CI) 3.39 (95% 1.28 to 8.93)), daily breakfast intake (<5 days/week) (AOR (95% CI) 0.63 (0.42 to 0.95)), irregular menstrual cycle AOR (95% CI) 2.34 (1.55 to 3.54)) and positive family history of dysmenorrhoea AOR (95% CI) 3.29 (2.25 to 4.81)) had statistically significant association with dysmenorrhoea. There was no statistically significant difference in academic performance among students with and without dysmenorrhoea (F (3611)=1.276, p=0.28)).ConclusionsDysmenorrhoea was a common health problem among graduating University students. However, it has no statistically significant impact on academic performance. Reproductive health officers should educate and undermine the negative academic consequences of dysmenorrhoea to reduce the physical and psychological stress that happens to females and their families.

scholarly journals Evaluation of e-health (Seha) application: a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Alharbi ◽  
Joharah Alzuwaed ◽  
Hind Qasem
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ease Of Access

Abstract Background The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia is expanding the country’s telemedicine services by using advanced technology in health services. In doing so, an e-health application (app), Seha, was introduced in 2018 that allows individuals to have face-to-face visual medical consultations with their doctors on their smartphones. Objective This study evaluated the effectiveness of the app in improving healthcare delivery by ensuring patient satisfaction with the care given, increasing access to care, and improving efficiency in the healthcare system. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the perceptions of users of the Seha app and non-users who continued with traditional health services. The data were collected using an online survey via Google Forms between June 2020 and September 2020. Independent t tests and chi-square (χ2) tests were conducted to answer the research questions. Results There was a significant difference between users and non-users in terms of ease of access to health services (t =  − 9.38, p < 0.05), with app users having a higher mean score (4.19 ± 0.91) than non-users (3.41 ± 1.00); satisfaction with health services (t =  − 6.33, p < 0.05), with users having a higher mean score (3.96 ± 0.91) than non-users (3.45 ± 0.94); and efficiency (only one visit needed for treatment) (t =  − 3.20, p < 0.05), with users having a higher mean score (3.71 ± 0.93) than non-users (3.45 ± 0.93). There were significant associations between the use of the Seha app and age (χ2 = 8.79, p < 0.05), gender (χ2 = 22.19, p < 0.05), region (χ2 = 19.74, p < 0.05), and occupation (χ2 = 22.05, p < 0.05). There were significant relationships between the three items (on access, satisfaction, and efficiency) and experiencing technical issues (t = 4.47, t = 8.11, and t = 3.24, respectively, p < 0.05), with users who faced technical problems having significantly lower mean scores for all three items. Conclusion This study provided evidence that the Seha app improved the delivery of healthcare in Saudi Arabia. Users of the app had a better health experience in terms of their perceived ease of access to healthcare services; their satisfaction with healthcare services; and the efficiency of the system, measured by the number of required doctor visits. Other factors that appeared to influence the use of the app included age, gender, usual source of care, and technical difficulties.

P20 Parental understanding of concussion in youth rugby is significantly improved by viewing the RFU concussion education video

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. e31.1-e31
Author(s):  
T Samuel ◽  
K Aquilina ◽  
W Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Video ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Experience ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Composite Scores

ObjectivesTo investigate the current understanding parents have of concussion in their rugby-playing children aged 9–17.DesignCross-sectional studySubjects86 parents from four clubs completed an online questionnaireMethodsAreas covered (1) Parental experience of concussion (2) Rate of viewing of the RFU concussion educational video (RFUCEV), (3) Identification of symptoms of concussion (4) Understanding of the risk of concussion. Each participant was given a composite score, out of 19, based on their performance in symptom identification and true/false questions. Independent-sample two-tailed t-tests were conducted to analyse scores, primarily controlling for viewing of the RFUCEVResultsThere was a significant difference in the scores between the group that had viewed the RFUCEV (n=32, M=14.75, SD=2.55) and those who had not (n=54, M=13.05, SD=2.87); t(84)=2.75, p=0.00721. Additionally, over 25% of parents reported that their child had suffered a concussion, and this was also found to significantly improve the awareness score (p=0.04678)ConclusionsStatistically significant improvement in composite scores after viewing the RFUCEV makes it reasonable to require compulsory parental education prior to signing up a child to play rugby. This would build on the protocol changes made by the RFU in 2014 and further progress the safety of the sport. We suggest the video be improved to emphasise the areas highlighted as inadequately understood, including the increased risk of concussion in under-18s compared to adults.

scholarly journals Factors associated with physical inactivity among female and male rural adolescents in Borneo – a cross-sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whye Lian Cheah ◽  
Hazmi Helmy ◽  
Ching Thon Chang
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Rural communities have shown marked increase in metabolic syndrome among young people, with physical inactivity as one of the main contributing factors. This study aimed to determine factors associated with physical inactivity among male and female rural adolescents in a sample of schools in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 145 students aged 13–15 years. Data on socio-demographic, health-related, and psychosocial factors (perceived barriers, self-efficacy, social influences) were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Anthropometric measurement was taken to generate body mass index (BMI)-for-age, while physical activity (PA) level was assessed using pedometers. The mean steps per day was 6251.37 (SD=3085.31) with males reported as being more active. About 27% of the respondents were either overweight or obese, with more females in this group. There was no significant difference in steps among males and females (p=0.212), and nutritional status (BMI-for-age) (p=0.439). Females consistently scored higher in most items under perceived barriers, but had significantly lower scores in self-efficacy’s items. Males were more influenced by peers in terms of PA (p<0.001) and were more satisfied with their body parts (p=0.047). A significantly higher body size discrepancy score was found among females (p=0.034, CI –0.639, –0.026). PA level was low and almost one-third of the respondents were overweight and obese. Female students faced more barriers and had lower self-efficacy with regards PA. Based on the findings, it is recommended that interventions focus on reducing barriers while increasing support for PA. This is particularly important in improving the health status of the youth, especially among the females.

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