The prevalence of keratoconus in children with allergic eye disease in an Egyptian population

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of keratoconus (KC) among children with ocular allergy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all children presenting with ocular allergic disease from September 2017 to September 2018. All study participants were subjected to history taking (a specially designed questionnaire), routine ophthalmological examination, and corneal tomography. Results: A total of 79% of the study patients had vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) while the remaining had perennial allergic conjunctivitis (10%), seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (9%) and atopic keratoconjunctivitis (2%). Manifest KC was seen in 7% of cases, suspect KC was found in 27% of cases, and 66% had no evidence of KC. For the manifest KC, 56% had clinical signs, while 44% were diagnosed by tomography. For the purpose of statistical analysis, the cohort was divided into group KC (manifest or suspicious KC) and group non-KC (no KC). The mean age was 11.2 years in group KC, and 9 years in group non-KC ( p < 0.001). The mean duration of allergic symptoms was 3.75 years in group KC, and 2.5 years in group non-KC ( p = 0.001). The mean duration of eye rubbing was 2.5 years in group KC, and 0.83 years in group non-KC ( p = 0.02). Systemic atopy was present in 35.3% of group KC, and in 12.5% in group non-KC ( p = 0.005). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of KC was 34%. Risk factors for the development of KC in patients with ocular allergy were age, duration of symptoms specially eye rubbing, systemic atopy and VKC. Tomographic diagnosis of KC can be present in absence of clinical signs.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Civil Servants Working in Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v5i4.4838 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 375

Author(s):

Aschenaki Kalssa ◽

Gistane Ayele ◽

Alemu Tamiso ◽

Tadele Girum

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Civil Servants ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Public Health Challenge ◽

Family History Of Hypertension ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Participants ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Despite Hypertension is a global public health challenge and a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death attention was not given in developing countries. Therefore measuring the prevalence and identifying predictors of Hypertension is very important. Institution based cross sectional study design was employed from March–April, 2016 by taking 319 randomly selected civil servants working in in Arba Minch town. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and standardized instruments for physical examination by 5 trained nurses. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Bi-variable and Multivariate logistic regression was employed for analysis of risk factors. The mean SBP and DBP of study participants were 120.87 + 14.15 mmHg and 80.28 + 8.8 mmHg, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 27.8% (95% CI = 22.9-32.7%). Civil servants of age 50 years and above [AOR = 13.3], age 40-49 years [AOR = 5], age 30-39 years [AOR = 3.5], abdominal obesity [AOR=12.2], general obesity [AOR = 4.2], stress status [AOR = 12.3], current alcohol drink [AOR = 3.3], ex-drinker [AOR = 8.9] and family history of hypertension [AOR = 5.6] were found to be significantly associated with hypertension. The prevalence indicates that it is hidden epidemic in this population; therefore for screening and risk reduction program are needed.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Civil Servants Working in Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/.v5i4.4838 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 375

Author(s):

Aschenaki Kalssa ◽

Gistane Ayele ◽

Alemu Tamiso ◽

Tadele Girum

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Civil Servants ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Public Health Challenge ◽

Family History Of Hypertension ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Participants ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Despite Hypertension is a global public health challenge and a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death attention was not given in developing countries. Therefore measuring the prevalence and identifying predictors of Hypertension is very important. Institution based cross sectional study design was employed from March–April, 2016 by taking 319 randomly selected civil servants working in in Arba Minch town. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and standardized instruments for physical examination by 5 trained nurses. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Bi-variable and Multivariate logistic regression was employed for analysis of risk factors. The mean SBP and DBP of study participants were 120.87 + 14.15 mmHg and 80.28 + 8.8 mmHg, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 27.8% (95% CI = 22.9-32.7%). Civil servants of age 50 years and above [AOR = 13.3], age 40-49 years [AOR = 5], age 30-39 years [AOR = 3.5], abdominal obesity [AOR=12.2], general obesity [AOR = 4.2], stress status [AOR = 12.3], current alcohol drink [AOR = 3.3], ex-drinker [AOR = 8.9] and family history of hypertension [AOR = 5.6] were found to be significantly associated with hypertension. The prevalence indicates that it is hidden epidemic in this population; therefore for screening and risk reduction program are needed.

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CORRELATIONS BETWEEN CLUSTER DIFFERENTIATION 4 COUNTS, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS CLINICAL STAGES, AND HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL AMONG HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS PATIENTS WITH ANEMIA IN MERPATI CLINIC, WANGAYA HOSPITAL, DENPASAR, BALI, INDONESIA: A CROSS-SECTI

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i3.30794 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 426-429

Author(s):

KETUT SURYANA ◽

HAMONG SUHARSONO ◽

GEDE BUDIASA ◽

JARWA ANTARA ◽

PUJI ASTUTI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cd4 Counts ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Clinical Stages ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Participants

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinical stages, and hemoglobin (Hb) level among HIV-infected patients with anemia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2017 at Merpati Clinic of Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. We selected 79 HIV patients with anemia to participate in our study. We grouped CD4 counts into two categories: <200 cells/μL and ≥200 cells/μL, and we classified the HIV clinical stages into HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Results: About 55.7% (44) of men and 44.3% (35) of women were participated in this study. As many as, 91.1% (72) of participants were AIDS patients. The mean Hb was 8.77 g/dl with SD 1.79 g/dl. 81% (64) of study participants were suffered from anemia on chronic disease or inflammatory anemia, and 19% (15) of study participants were suffered from iron deficiency anemia. The median for CD4 counts was 94 cells/μL (3–309 cells/μL) with as many as 78.5% (62) of participants were found to have low CD4 counts (<200 cells/μL). Spearman analysis revealed a positive correlation between CD4 counts and Hb level (r=0.427, p<0.001). Independent sample t-test analysis found a correlation between the HIV clinical stages and Hb level. There was a difference between the mean of Hb level in each stage with the average difference of 0.8 g/dl (95% confidence interval 0.04–1.6; p<0.04). Conclusions: There is a correlation between CD4 counts, HIV clinical stages, and Hb level among HIV patients with anemia.

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Investigating Preventive Behaviors Toward COVID-19 Among Iranian People

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.590105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Baghernezhad Hesary ◽

Hamid Salehiniya ◽

Mohammadreza Miri ◽

Mitra Moodi

Keyword(s):

Economic Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Preventive Behaviors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Case ◽

Gender Education ◽

Supportive Interventions ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Participants

Background: Considering the importance of preventive behaviors in reducing the transmission of COVID-19, this study was conducted to determine the preventive behaviors toward the spread of COVID-19.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed 7 weeks after the confirmation of the first case of Covid-19 by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran. Data were completed online using a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed, for 1,200 Iranians from 8 April 2020 to 9 May 2020.Results: The mean age of study participants was 37.77 ± 11.20 years. The mean score of preventive behaviors was 62.67 ± 8.53. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the variables of gender, education, economic status, and preventive behaviors of COVID-19. The highest frequency is related to not using hookah and cigarettes and then avoiding losing and rubbing (78%) and the lowest percentage is related to exercising behavior (16%).Conclusion: Due to the low level of prevention behaviors during the outbreak of the disease, it is important to design educational and supportive interventions to improve and perform coronavirus prevention behaviors with more focus on men, illiterate people, and poor economic status.

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SPECTRUM OF COMPLICATED DENGUE FEVER IN RAWAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES ISLAMABAD: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Journal of University Medical & Dental College ◽

10.37723/jumdc.v11i4.476 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 25-32

Author(s):

Khwaja Ashfaq Ahmed ◽

Nadia Shams ◽

Muhammad Asif Naseer ◽

Hamayun Manzoor Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Pericardial Effusion ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Symptoms ◽

Early Presentation ◽

Liver Impairment ◽

The Mean

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Pakistan has been facing frequent dengue fever epidemics for the last decade. The current study aims at various complications of dengue fever and their association with age, gender, serology, duration, and symptoms. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Medicine department, RIHS Islamabad, over eight months of duration after ethical approval. The dult indoor dengue fever cases were selected by consecutive sampling and informed consent obtained. Cases with malaria co-infection, hematological disease, and severe systemic illness were excluded. The symptoms, hematological counts, serology (dengue NS-1, IgG, and IgM), liver function tests, coagulation profile, pneumonia, and pericardial effusion, were documented. Data were analyzed by SPSS V-22. RESULTS: Among 75 cases, 19(25%) were females and 56(75%) males. The mean age was 33.5+12.7. The mean duration of symptoms was 5.4+2.0 days. Dengue NS-1 was positive in 45(60%), IgM in 22(29%), and IgG in 8(11%). Symptoms observed were fever 97%, headache 53%, pain abdomen 35%, vomiting 48%, rash 17%, and body aches 39%. Complicated Dengue fever was seen in 21(28%). Complications include gum bleed 12%, liver impairment 6.6%, gastrointestinal bleed 5%, per-vaginal bleed 4%, epistaxis 4%, hematuria 3%; pleural effusion, ascites and pneumonia 2.6% each, pericardial effusion 1.3% and one expiry. Age, gender, dengue serology, and hematological profile wasn’t found to be associated with complications. CONCLUSION: Complications are frequent in indoor dengue cases that include hemorrhagic complications, liver impairment, effusions, and pneumonia. Early presentation to the hospital may be helpful to screen for impending complications with improved morbidity and better patient care.

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Perceived Stress Levels and Associated Factors Among SARS-CoV-2-Affected Young Adults Under Home Isolation—A Cross-Sectional Study From Kerala, India

Indian Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.1177/26339447211058643 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 263394472110586

Author(s):

Anjana Nalina Kumari Kesavan Nair ◽

Jisharaj Vijayakumari Rajasekharan Nair ◽

Siji Vincent Swarnabai ◽

Reshma Rajan Sudha ◽

Alice Metilda Mendez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Stress Levels ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Participants ◽

The Impact

Introduction The impact of SARS-CoV-2 is not only on physical health but also on mental health. This pandemic raised concerns of fear, anxiety, and stress among patients affected with the disease. Quarantine and home isolation might have created psychological distress and helplessness in patients due to social and economic reasons. This study aimed in assessing the level of perceived stress and factors associated with it among SARS-CoV-2-affected young adults who were under home isolation. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 147 SARS-CoV-2-affected young adults who were under home isolation during June 2021 to August 2021. A semi-structured proforma was created using KoBo Toolbox for humanitarian response for data collection. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) was used for measurement of stress among COVID-19 patients. The questionnaire was shared in online platform. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. Significance of association was tested using chi square test and independent sample t test. Logistic regression was done to predict the factors associated with perceived stress. Results Out of the 147 study participants, 56.5% were females and 43.5% were males. Symptoms were present in 94 (63.9%) of patients. The mean age of the study participants was 26 (10.5) years. The mean PSS score was 17.5 (6.4). Among the cases under home isolation, 24.5% had low stress levels, 68% had moderate stress levels, and 7.5% had severe stress levels. Feeling of loneliness during home isolation (odds ratio [OR]: 4.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.9-11.63], P = .008), presence of elderly or under-5 children in the same house (OR: 15.45, 95% CI [2.03-117.5], P = .001), and presence of cough ( P = .05) were found to be significantly associated with higher PSS scores. Age and sleep were negatively correlated with stress score. Conclusion One-third of the study participants had moderate to severe levels of perceived stress. Age, sleep hours, presence of cough, presence of under-5 children or elderly in the same house, and feeling of loneliness during home isolation were found to be significantly associated with high perceived stress level scores.

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P017 Complications of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keab722.009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

S Miladi ◽

S Bouzid ◽

A Fazaa ◽

L Souabni ◽

M Sellami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Renal Manifestation ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by onset before the age of 16. This term encompasses several disease categories, each of which has distinct methods of presentation, clinical signs, and prognosis. The study aimed to determine JIA complications in 51 patients. Methods A cross-sectional study including patients diagnosed with JIA according to ILAR criteria was conducted for 26 years [1995– 2021]. Epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutive aspects were noted. Results Twenty-nine males and 22 females were included. The mean age of the disease onset was 7.6 years [1,5–16]. The mean age of patients at the time of the study was 23.29 years [9–45]. Polyarticular and seronegative form was the most frequent (34.5%). Other subtypes diagnosed were systemic (25%), enthesitis-related arthritis (21.2%), oligoarticular (12.5%), and seropositive polyarticular (5.8%). Standard X-Ray imaging showed articular damage in 50% of the cases. Hip arthritis was observed in 32% and surgery was needed in 16.9%. One patient presented with atlantoaxial subluxation. Growth retardation was noted in 28.6%. Cardiac manifestations were seen in 3 patients (pericarditis = 2, myocarditis = 1), uveitis in 3 cases, renal manifestation (extra membranous glomerulonephritis) in one patient with polyarticular form. One patient was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Small doses of corticosteroids were prescribed in 71.7%. Methotrexate was prescribed in 70.5% (interrupted for adverse effects in 3 patients), sulfasalazine in 30.6%, hydroxychloroquine in 5.7%, leflunomide in 15.4%. bDMARDs were needed in 16 patients: 14 patients received TNF alpha inhibitors, rituximab was prescribed for one patient with a polyarticular form, and tocilizumab in a patient with a systemic form. A switch of bDMARDs was conducted in 10 patients: for inefficiency in 4 cases and adverse effects in other 4 cases. Three patients developed uveitis under Etanercept, septicemia under Adalimumab, an allergic reaction, and depression under Infliximab. One patient died from a convulsive seizure at the age of 9. Conclusion The presence of complications is an additional burden to JIA patients. A multidisciplinary approach is required for the management of these complications.

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Knowledge and practice of immediate new-born care among midwives in central zone public health Facilities, Tigray, Ethiopia: cross sectional study.

10.21203/rs.2.11489/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Tesfay Tsegay Gebru ◽

Rajalakshmi Murugan ◽

Alem Gebremariam Abrha ◽

Mekonnen Haftom Goyteom

Keyword(s):

Newborn Care ◽

Central Zone ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Immediate Newborn Care ◽

The Mean ◽

Knowledge And Practice ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to assess knowledge and practice of immediate newborn care among midwives in governmental health facilities of central zone of Tigray regional state, 2016. Results The mean age of the study participants was 34.1 years. Majority of the participants (83%) were diploma midwives. The score of knowledge of participants on immediate newborn care was 17.7% good and 25.2% poor. More than half (52.4%) of midwives practiced immediate newborn care. Midwives working in health center have 82% lower odds of newborn care compared to those working in hospital (p=0.000, OR=0.18 (0.07, 0.43).

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Health-seeking behavior and associated factors among community in Southern Ethiopia:Community based cross-sectional study guided by Health belief model

10.1101/388769 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Likawunt Samuel Asfaw ◽

Samuel Yohannes Ayanto ◽

Yitagessu Habtu Aweke

Keyword(s):

Health Service Utilization ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Seeking Behavior ◽

Seeking Behavior ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Participants

AbstractBackgroundHealth-seeking behavior is a sequence of actions taken to promote health and prevent disease. Governments’ expenditure to health is being improved in Ethiopia. In contrast, high disease burden and low health service utilization is observed. The low health service utilization could be due to low health-seeking behavior of the community. Thus, this studywas aimed to determine the level of health-seeking behavior and associated factors in Hosanna town, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsWe used communitybased cross-sectional study design among community (n= 443) in Hosanna town. The overall health-seeking behavior of study participants was assessed using the mean score of each of the dimensions (health promotion and disease prevention activities) as a cut-off value. Having a score above the mean on each of the target dimensions was equated with having a high level of health seeking behaviour. STATA 12 soft-ware package (Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, 77845, USA)was used for descriptive and logistic regression analysis.ResultsAbout eighty five percent of (85.4%) participants had low level of health-seeking behavior. Males were about two folds more likely to have low level of health-seeking behavior than females (AOR: 1.8; CI 1.03–3.42). Widowed participants were about five times more likely to have low health-seeking behavior (AOR: 4.8; CI 2.1–17.1) when compared to married participants. Those participants who are illiterate were about five times more likely to have low health-seeking behavior than who completed higher education (AOR: 4.5; CI 1.16–17.8).ConclusionThe study revealed low health-seeking behavior among the study participants in the study area. This finding suggested the need forurgent interventions to the health literacy packages of Ethiopia to enhance the health seeking behavior of the country.

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Spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy in women with polycystic ovarian disease; a cross sectional study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180148 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 359

Author(s):

Mostafa A. Sleem ◽

Ibrahim I. Mohamed ◽

Mahmoud S. Zakherah ◽

Ahmed M. Abbas ◽

Momen A. Kamel

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right ◽

Study Participants ◽

Health Hospital

Background: Polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of approximately 5-10%. This study aims to assess the rate of spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy in patients. The present study was a cross sectional study conducted at Woman's Health Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.Methods: The current study was a cross sectional study carried out in Assiut Women's Health Hospital between the 1st October 2016 and 31st July 2017. The patients were selected as infertile patients with PCOD. The patient ages range between 20 and 35 years. The BMI is between 18 and 30 Kg/m2. The main outcome measure was the rate of spontaneous ovulation and spontaneous pregnancy in the 3 cycles.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 26.64±4.59 years and the mean BMI was 24.46±2.62Kg/m2. The sonographic ovarian volume was 12.47±0.69 mm3 for the right ovary and 12.74±0.73 mm3 for the left ovary. No difference in the serum FSH, LH, FSH/LH ratio and prolactin over the 3 consecutive cycles. The rate of spontaneous ovulation in the 3 cycles was 6 women (8.6%) and 2 cases (2.8%) became pregnant spontaneously during the study period. There is no statistical significant difference between ovulating and non-ovulating women according to the BMI and ovarian volume.Conclusions: The present study concluded that the rate of spontaneous ovulation was 8.6% in women with PCOD within 3 cycles with no adverse effects of drugs or surgical interference.

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