scholarly journals Extraction Optimization and Antioxidant Properties of African Eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon) Leaf Polyphenols

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Famuwagun ◽  
K. A. Taiwo ◽  
S. O. Gbadamosi ◽  
D. J. Oyedele ◽  
R. E. Aluko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Extraction Optimization ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Water Ratio

Optimization of the yield, total phenolic content (TPC), and total antioxidant activities (TAA) of polyphenol concentrates extracted from Solanum macrocarpon leaves was studied using response surface methodology. The process variables investigated included extraction temperature (30, 50, and 70°C), extraction time (2, 4, and 6 h), and dried leaf powder : water ratio (1 : 10, 1 : 20, and 1 : 30 w/v). Box–Behnken design resulted in 15 experimental runs. The results showed the following optimum extraction conditions: temperature, 49.05°C; extraction time, 243 min; leaf powder : water ratio, 1 : 22 w/v. The optimized extraction conditions gave polyphenol concentrate yield, TPC, and TAA values of 24.94%, 421.09 mg GAE/g, and 23.81 mg AAE/g, respectively. Results of the in vitro antioxidant activities of the polyphenol concentrate showed 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate, metal chelating ability, and ferric reducing ability values of 76.78%, 80.22%, and 56.46 mg AAE/g, respectively. The study concludes that the experimental values compared closely with the predicted values, which indicates suitability of the model employed for polyphenol extraction optimization from dried S. macrocarpon leaves.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaC.B.Cl. (Acanthaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Adesegun ◽  
A. Fajana ◽  
C. I. Orabueze ◽  
H. A. B. Coker
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chelating Ability

The antioxidant activities of crude extract ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaleaf were evaluated and compared with α-tocopherol and BHT as synthetic antioxidants and ascorbic acid as natural-based antioxidant.In vitro, we studied its antioxidative activities, radical-scavenging effects, Fe2+-chelating ability and reducing power. The total phenolic content was determined and expressed in gallic acid equivalent. The extract showed variable activities in all of thesein vitrotests. The antioxidant effect ofP. fascisepalawas strongly dose dependent, increased with increasing leaf extract dose and then leveled off with further increase in extract dose. Compared to other antioxidants used in the study, α-Tocopherol, ascorbic acid and BHT,P. fascisepalaleaf extract showed less scavenging effect on α,α,-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and less reducing power on Fe3+/ferricyanide complex but better Fe2+-chelating ability. These results revealed thein vitroantioxidant activity ofP.fascisepala.Further investigations are necessary to verify these activitiesin vivo.

scholarly journals Investigation of invitro Antioxidant and invivo Protective Effects of Hypericum triquetrifolium Seed Methanol Extracts against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Acute Myelotoxicity, Hemotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songul Cetik Yildiz ◽  
Cumali Keskin ◽  
Adnan Ayhanci
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Methanol Extracts

The aim of this study was to investigate in-vitro antioxidant properties and in-vivo protective effects of different concentrations of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. (HT) seed methanol extracts against acute hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats exposed to overdose of cyclophosphamide (CP). HT seed methanol extracts were tested in view of its in-vitro antioxidant activities as total phenolic contents and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity. To investigate in-vivo protective effects of HT seed methanol extracts on rat tissues; tested animals were divided into nine groups. Three groups only were treated with HT extracts (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days. Three groups were pre-treated with the extract of HT (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days and on the last day they were injected with single dose of CP (150-mg/kg body weight). Two groups were used as control groups and one group was only treated with CP (150 mg/kg) on the 6th day. The toxic effects of CP and protective effects of HT extracts on the nucleated cells which were produced by bone marrow and serum alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were investigated biochemically. Additionally, liver tissue samples were examined histopathologically. Our results show that HT seed methanol extract has high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Over dose CP administration caused hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity on rat. Whereas, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT plus CP administered groups showed significant protective effects on nucleated cells. And 25, 50, 100 mg/kg HT plus CP treated groups showed an important decrease on serum ALT, ALP, LDH and OSI levels when compared with CP treated group. Our results showed that the administration of different HT doses with high doses of CP significantly reduced hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematoxicity on rats.

scholarly journals Optimization of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Defatted Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Seed Extract and Its Antioxidant Properties

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Atikah Zulkifli ◽  
Siti Salwa Abd Gani ◽  
Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan ◽  
Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry

The present study was conducted to optimize extraction process for defatted pitaya seed extract (DPSE) adopting response surface methodology (RSM). A five-level central composite design was used to optimize total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothizoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) activities. The independent variables included extraction time (30–60 min), extraction temperature (40–80 °C) and ethanol concentration (60%–80%). Results showed that the quadratic polynomial equations for all models were significant at (p < 0.05), with non-significant lack of fit at p > 0.05 and R2 of more than 0.90. The optimized extraction parameters were established as follows: extraction time of 45 min, extraction temperature of 70 °C and ethanol concentration of 80%. Under these conditions, the recovery of TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity based on FRAP and ABTS were 128.58 ± 1.61 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g sample, 9.805 ± 0.69 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g sample, 1.23 ± 0.03 mM Fe2+/g sample, and 91.62% ± 0.15, respectively. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) analysis identified seven chemical compounds with flavonoids constituting major composition of the DPSE.

scholarly journals Optimization of Extraction of Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid from Seeds of Alpinia blepharocalyx K. Schum. Using The Response Surface Methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3B) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Thanh Tan Nguyen ◽  
Huyen Thi Thanh Mai ◽  
Tuan Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
Quang Dinh Tran ◽  
Thang Dinh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid Compounds

Seeds of Alpinia blepharocalyx contain high amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds with potential antioxidant properties. In this study, the effects of the extraction method on the recovery of phenolic and flavonoid compounds from Alpinia blepharocalyx seeds were investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) has been used to optimize the extraction conditions of total phenolic and total flavonoid from seeds of Alpinia blepharocalyx. A Box-Behnken design was used to investigate the effects of four independent variables, namely extraction temperature (°C), extraction time (min), (v/m) and ethanol concentration (%) on the responses: total phenolic content (TPC) and yield. The optimal conditions obtained from response RSM were 52.66 % v/v for the solvent composition, 62.34 (°C) for extraction temperature, 34.48/1 (ml/g) for solvent/material ratio and 125.42 (min) for extraction time. The experimental values of TPC, TFC and yield were 39.31±0.05 mgGAE/g, 12.75±0.07 mgCE/g and 6.97±0.05%, respectively.   

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and In-Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Various Extracts of Helichrysum petiolare Hilliard & B.L. Burtt used for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa -

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
Adebowale Emmanuel Aladejana ◽  
Graeme Bradley ◽  
Anthony Jide Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Medicinal Treatment

The phytochemical contents of the acetone, ethanol, and boiled and cold aqueous whole-plant extracts of Helichrysum petiolare were determined using standard phytochemical reaction methods. ABTS, DPPH, NO and TAC assays were used to evaluate their antioxidant properties. This study reported the highest total phenolic content (212,963 mg/g) in the boiled aqueous extract, while the ethanol had the highest flavonoid (172.393 mg/g) and proanthocyanidin contents (65.855 mg/g). Alkaloids, flavonols, and saponin were highest in the acetone extract, while the cold aqueous extract had the lowest phytochemical content. Among the extracts, the boiled aqueous extract had the highest DPPH•+ (IC50 0.02 mg/mL) and ABTS•+ (IC50 0.07) inhibition capacities, while the ethanol extract exhibited the highest NO• Inhibition (IC50 0.41 mg/mL) and TAC (IC50 0.19 mg/mL). These findings justify the use of H. petiolare in traditional medicine and further recommend the ethanol and boiled aqueous extracts of the plant as more effective extracts for medicinal treatment.

Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Local Fruit Wastes in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 471-476
Author(s):  
Ummi Kalthum Ibrahim ◽  
Muhammad Ihsan Sobri Yusof ◽  
Khairul Anuar Ahmad Zamil ◽  
Nadia Kamarrudin ◽  
Siti Noor Suzila Maqsood-Ul-Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Fruit Wastes

The purpose of this study is to investigate the antioxidant properties and total phenolic content in local fruit wastes. Watermelon rinds, mango and banana peels were selected in the experiment. Two parameters involved were the extraction time and temperature. All samples had undergone drying process in an oven at 40°C for 24 hours before being extracted with 80%, v/v methanol on a hot plate together with magnetic stirrer. The extraction time was ranged from 20 to 40 minutes and the extraction temperature was from 30 to 60°C. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay and Folin-Ciocalteu reagent were used for antioxidant analysis and phenolic content determination, respectively. UV-Vis spectrophotometer was used to detect the antioxidant activity at 593 nm and 765 nm for phenolic content. Response Surface Method was used to find the best extraction condition. The best extraction conditions were found at extraction temperature and time of 58.93°C and 37.86 minutes, respectively.

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant activity of dewberry (Rubus caesius L. var. aquáticus Weihe. & Nees.) leaf extracts

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1323-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivona Velickovic ◽  
Slavica Grujic ◽  
Ana Dzamic ◽  
Zoran Krivosej ◽  
Petar Marin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Reducing Capacity

In this study, the antioxidant properties and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Rubus caesius L. var. aqu?ticus Weihe & Nees leaf extracts were examined. The radical scavenging capacity of four leaf extracts (methanol, ethanol, acetone and aqueous) was estimated against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Total antioxidant capacity was tested by ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and total reducing capacity (TRC) procedures. Total contents of phenols and flavonoids were also determined. Total phenol content in the extracts was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and amounts ranged between 263.74 for ethanol to 366.27 mg gallic acid (GA)/g for acetone extracts. The amounts of flavonoids varied from 10.73 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g for aqueous to 75.83 mg QE/g for acetone extract. The highest antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS?+ radicals was that of the acetone extract. Values for FRAP varied between 3.00 ?mol Fe+2/mg for the ethanol extract and 5.31 ?mol Fe+2/mg for the methanol extract. The results obtained for total reducing capacity indicate that the acetone extract has the highest antioxidant potential.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENTS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION FROM CRUDE EXTRACTS OF AN ENDANGERED PLANT CORDIA MACLEODII HOOK. F. THOMSON

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagriti Chandrakar ◽  
Satish Dubey ◽  
Kundan Ojha ◽  
Rashmi Dehariya ◽  
Ashwini Kumar Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Successive Extraction

Cordia macleodii, an important medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of various disorders, including wound healing, jaundice, gastric ulcer, hepatoprotective activity and antivenom potential, thus the plant showed the high antioxidant properties. Successive extraction of leaf and barks powder with methanol and water was tested for quantitative determination of total phenolics, total flavonoids and various in vitro antioxidant activities. Phytochemical screening of crude plant extracts revealed the presence of sterols, alkaloid, flavonoid, phenolic, Reducing sugar, glycosides, tannins and saponins. All extracts showed the significant total phenolic and flavonoid contents and as well as radical scavenging and iron-chelating activities. Among all, methanol leaf extract was observed to be higher antioxidant activity than that of other extract. The methanol extracts showed greater antioxidant activity by DPPH scavenging the free radical with IC50 values of 7.63 ± 0.38 μg gm-1 along with scavenged free radical in a concentration depended manner, which is compare to the standard ascorbic acid.  Our results revealed that the presence of grater antioxidant activity of C. macleodii extract may be due to the high level of flavonoid and phenolic content in the plant. These results clearly indicated that C. macleodii is an effective natural antioxidant. Key words: Cordia macleodii, antioxidant, radical scavenging, phenolics, flavonoid, phytochemical.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of polyherbal formulation for memory enhancement: study on its antioxidant properties and synergistic effects

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-440
Author(s):  
N.A. Zainol Abidin ◽  
Faridah Kormin ◽  
N.A.F. Mohamed Anuar ◽  
N.A. Zainol Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Memory Enhancement ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Significant Difference

Centella asiatica, Piper sarmentosum and Morinda citrifolia is well-known for their memory enhancement contribution from traditional practices as well as recent researches. However, all three herbs are utilized individually and never mixed together. The nutrient data on the synergistic effect on all three herbs remain scarce. The aims of this research project were to apply Simplex-centroid mixture design in describing the study for the effect of polyherbal formulation on antioxidants properties and its synergistic effects. Based on results obtained, there was a significant difference in antioxidant properties of the polyherbal formulation. The results show the polyherbal formulation 3 and 13 (M. citrifolia only) has the highest antioxidant capacity when being tested with total phenolic content (TPC) (210.10 and 209.12 µg GAE/mL respectively) and 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (42.94 and 37.77%) assays. Contradict to this result, the highest in total flavonoid content (TFC) and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) for describing antioxidant properties are formulations 1 and 11 (C. asiatica only). The TPC for formulation 1 and 11 are 479.8 µg RE/mL and 470 µg RE/mL respectively while ABTS radical inhibition for formulation 1 and 11 are 64.53% and 60% respectively. For ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay, formulation 7 (2.11 µg FSE/mL) is the highest which have 1:1:1 ratio of each herb. In addition, TPC, TFC, and DPPH assays showed high antioxidant activities when only single herbs were added into the formulation. Meanwhile, ABTS and FRAP are prone to binary polyherbal formulation. Hence, this study showed an antagonism effect instead of synergistic effect since single formulation exhibited the highest for TPC, TFC and DPPH. All tests gave the lowest antioxidant properties when the mix was ternary polyherbal formulation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ultrasound, Microwave, Ultrasound–Microwave, Hydrothermal and High Pressure Assisted Extraction Technologies for the Recovery of Phytochemicals and Antioxidants from Brown Macroalgae

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Marco Garcia-Vaquero ◽  
Rajeev Ravindran ◽  
Orla Walsh ◽  
John O’Doherty ◽  
Amit K. Jaiswal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

This study aims to explore novel extraction technologies (ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound–microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE), hydrothermal-assisted extraction (HAE) and high-pressure-assisted extraction (HPAE)) and extraction time post-treatment (0 and 24 h) for the recovery of phytochemicals and associated antioxidant properties from Fucus vesiculosus and Pelvetia canaliculata. When using fixed extraction conditions (solvent: 50% ethanol; extraction time: 10 min; algae/solvent ratio: 1/10) for all the novel technologies, UAE generated extracts with the highest phytochemical contents from both macroalgae. The highest yields of compounds extracted from F. vesiculosus using UAE were: total phenolic content (445.0 ± 4.6 mg gallic acid equivalents/g), total phlorotannin content (362.9 ± 3.7 mg phloroglucinol equivalents/g), total flavonoid content (286.3 ± 7.8 mg quercetin equivalents/g) and total tannin content (189.1 ± 4.4 mg catechin equivalents/g). In the case of the antioxidant activities, the highest DPPH activities were achieved by UAE and UMAE from both macroalgae, while no clear pattern was recorded in the case of FRAP activities. The highest DPPH scavenging activities (112.5 ± 0.7 mg trolox equivalents/g) and FRAP activities (284.8 ± 2.2 mg trolox equivalents/g) were achieved from F. vesiculosus. Following the extraction treatment, an additional storage post-extraction (24 h) did not improve the yields of phytochemicals or antioxidant properties of the extracts.

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