Randomized Control Trial for Reduction of Body Weight, Body Fat Patterning, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight Worksite Employees in Delhi, India

Background. We studied the impact of the multicomponent interventions on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight individuals working in corporate worksites.Methods. Overweight (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2) subjects were recruited from four randomised worksites [two active intervention (n, recruited, 180, completed 156) and two control (n, recruited 130, completed 111)]. Intensive intervention was given at intervention worksite.Results. High prevalence (%) of obesity (90.9, 80.2), abdominal obesity (93.5, 84.3), excess skinfold thickness (70.3, 75.9), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels (56.8, 63.7) were seen in the intervention and the control group, respectively. At the end of intervention, the following significant changes were observed in the intervention group: decrease in weight, BMI, waist circumference, serum triglycerides, and increase in HDL-c. Weight loss of more than 5% was seen in 12% and 4% individuals in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Most importantly, the sum of all the skinfold measurements (mm) in the intervention group decreased significantly more than the control group (12.51 ± 10.38 versus 3.50 ± 8.18, resp.).Conclusion. This multicomponent worksite trial showed a reduction in weight, excess subcutaneous fat, and cardiometabolic risk factors after 6 months of active intervention in overweight Asian Indians.Trial Registration. This trial is registered withNCT03249610.

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Sustained Weight Loss and Improvements in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in a Worksite-based Behavioral Program (FS18-04-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz041.fs18-04-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sai Krupa Das ◽

Taylor Vail ◽

Rachel Silver ◽

Meghan Chin ◽

Caroline Blanchard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Fat ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Control Group ◽

Average Weight ◽

Funding Sources

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel low-burden behavioral intervention (BI) for weight loss on changes in body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors when implemented with or without meal replacements (MR). Methods Twelve worksites (≥300 employees each) in the Greater Boston area participated in a cluster-randomized controlled trial, with 8 worksites (n = 259 participants) allocated to the intervention group (IG) and 4 worksites (n = 76) to a wait-listed control group (CG). IG participants were further randomized to receive the BI, which emphasizes hunger and craving management via diet composition, for 18 months without or with MR (BI + MR). Weight and cardiometabolic variables were measured at baseline and 6 months for all groups, and also at 12 and 18 months in the IGs. Linear mixed models compared 6-month changes in % weight loss, body mass index (BMI), body fat, and cardiometabolic risk factors for all groups. Similar analyses were conducted for the BI and BI + MR groups at 12 and 18 months. Estimated means and standard deviations were calculated. Statistical models were adjusted for age, sex, baseline measurement, and worksite. Results The study population was 83% female. The Mean ± SD for age and BMI were 47.9 ± 10.4 years and 32.9 ± 5.5 kg/m2, respectively. At 6 months, average weight loss was 9.2 ± 7.2% for BI and 8.3 ± 7.0% for BI + MR. Weight loss was significantly greater in both IGs than the CG (both P < 0.001), but not significant between IGs (P = 0.35). Similar results were observed for BMI and % body fat (both P < 0.01). BI and BI + MR had significant reductions in glucose and triglycerides (P < 0.05) compared to the CG. Changes in total cholesterol and LDL were significantly greater in BI + MR compared to BI alone (P < 0.05). Clinically significant reductions in weight and cardiometabolic risk factors were sustained in the IGs at 12 and 18 months. Conclusions To our knowledge, weight loss in this study was greater than previous scalable worksite-based interventions. Weight loss did not significantly differ between the BI and BI + MR groups, and MR use was associated with additional reductions in total and LDL cholesterol. These results demonstrate the feasibility of novel approaches to achieve clinically impactful weight management in worksite settings. Funding Sources Nutrient Foods LLC.

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Normalization of Muscle Strength Measurements in the Assessment of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18168428 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 8428

Author(s):

Tiago Rodrigues de Lima ◽

Xuemei Sui ◽

Diego Augusto Santos Silva

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Weight ◽

Body Size ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Muscle strength (MS) has been associated with cardiometabolic risk factors (CMR) in adolescents, however, the impact attributed to body size in determining muscle strength or whether body size acts as a confounder in this relationship remains controversial. We investigated the association between absolute MS and MS normalized for body size with CMR in adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study comprising 351 adolescents (44.4% male; 16.6 ± 1.0 years) from Brazil. MS was assessed by handgrip and normalized for body weight, body mass index (BMI), height, and fat mass. CMR included obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, glucose imbalance, and high inflammation marker. When normalized for body weight, BMI, and fat mass, MS was inversely associated with the presence of two or more CMR among females. Absolute MS and MS normalized for height was directly associated with the presence of two or more CMR among males. This study suggests that MS normalized for body weight, BMI, and fat mass can be superior to absolute MS and MS normalized for height in representing lower CMR among females. Absolute MS and MS normalized for height were related to higher CMR among males.

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The Impact of Nutritional and Lifestyle Changes on Body Weight, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents during the Pandemic of COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Children ◽

10.3390/children8121130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1130

Author(s):

Kalliopi Karatzi ◽

Kalliopi-Anna Poulia ◽

Emilia Papakonstantinou ◽

Antonis Zampelas

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Weight ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

The Impact ◽

Diet And Lifestyle

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the measures taken by most countries to curb virus transmission, such as social distancing, distance learning, population, home confinement and disruption of all organized activities, has affected children and adolescents worldwide. The aim of this review was to assess the role of diet and lifestyle changes due to COVID-19 measures on body weight/composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. An electronic search was conducted in PUBMED, COCHRANE, Google Scholar and SCOPUS databases up to 31 October 2021. 15 eligible studies were identified. According to the studies included in the analysis, COVID-19 measures seem to have had a negative impact on the diets and lifestyles of children and adolescents, with a consequent increase in body weight and central fat accumulation. On the other hand, the parental presence and control resulted in better glycaemic control in children with diabetes mellitus (DM) Type 1, but the effect of the pandemic in the glycaemic control of children with DM2 2 is controversial. Finally, diet and lifestyle changes had a differential impact on children’s hypertension prevalence. These findings point to the need for public policy measures to prevent obesity and its complications, to and improve diet and lifestyle during the continuing and yet unresolved COVID-19 epidemic.

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The impact of the March 2020 lockdown on the cardiometabolic risk factors of male forensic and rehabilitation patients

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2021.658 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (S1) ◽

pp. S246-S247

Author(s):

Nicholas Dodough ◽

Jaspreet Phull ◽

Jaswant Singh ◽

Jackie Sendell

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Antihypertensive Agents ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

List Type ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

AimsTo explore the impact of the March 2020 lockdown restrictions on the cardiometabolic risk factors of male forensic and rehabilitation inpatients in one NHS trust in the United Kingdom.MethodRetrospective data from September 2019 to September 2020 (six months before and after the 23 March 2020 lockdown) was collected by evaluating the health records of male patients in a low secure forensic ward and two rehabilitation units.ResultThe number of patients with BMI values within the study period was 34 while the number of patients with blood results was 26. This study showed that the average BMI six months before the start of the March lockdown was 29.8 kg/m2 while the average BMI at the end of six months after the lockdown was 31.8 kg/m2.The results from the 6-month interval before the March 2020 lockdown (M = 0, SD = 0) and the 6- month interval after the March 2020 lockdown (M = 0.9, SD = 4.16) indicate that the March 2020 lockdown resulted in an increase of BMI, t (5) = 2.42, P = 0.036. The result is significant at p < 0.058.8% of patients had an increase in their doses of antihypertensive agents after the lockdown whereas no patients had an increase of dose before the lockdown. 7.7% of patients had an HBA1c of more than 48 mmol/L after the lockdown compared to 3.8% before the lockdown. The serum triglycerides and total cholesterol levels also increased after the lockdown with an average increase of 0.17 mmol/L and 0.25 mmol/L respectively. The average serum HDL levels decreased after the lockdown with an average decrease of 0.06 mmol/L.ConclusionThere appears to be a positive correlation between the onset of the March 2020 lockdown and an increase of BMI, worsening of blood pressure, glycemic control and lipid metabolism.Limitations (1)Waist circumference was not measured during the study period preventing us from examining all of the features of metabolic syndrome.(2)This study did not look at the levels of physical activity (such as access to section 17 leave) and dietary habits before and after the March 2020 lockdown which may explain the results found.RecommendationsTo raise metabolic awareness of the impact of the lockdown restrictions on cardiometabolic risk in people with SMI and the general public.

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Change in cardiometabolic risk factors among Asian Indian adults recruited in a mHealth-based diabetes prevention trial

Digital Health ◽

10.1177/20552076211039032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 205520762110390

Author(s):

Shruti Muralidharan ◽

Harish Ranjani ◽

Ranjit Mohan Anjana ◽

Yashdeep Gupta ◽

Samita Ambekar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mobile Health ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Reality Television ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Control Group ◽

Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽

Diabetes Intervention

Objective India is experiencing an increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Mobile health technology may be a strategy to reduce the risk of cardiometabolic disorders. This paper reports on the effect of a mobile health intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods The mobile health and diabetes intervention was a 12-week reality television-based mobile health program application delivered via videos, short message service and infographics through a smartphone application followed-up weekly by health coach calls. mobile health and diabetes was conducted in a randomized control trial mode randomized controlled trial methodology in three Indian cities (Chennai, Bengaluru and New Delhi) with participants recruited via community screening events. This paper looks at the pre–post changes in cardiometabolic risks among the participants and the place of demography in influencing these. Results The mobile health and diabetes intervention group experienced a small reduction in waist circumference (1.8 cm) compared to the control group (0.5 cm, p < 0.05) and a greater decrease in systolic blood pressure (2.7 mmHg) compared to the control group ( p < 0.05). The improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors were more pronounced in individuals with obesity, although overall effects were very modest Conclusions Cardiometabolic risk factors can be reduced with a mobile health application using human coaching, especially in obese individuals, but the improvements are small. To be more effective and clinically meaningful, intensive engagement with the participants is probably required.

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A stepwise approach to assess the impact of clustering cardiometabolic risk factors on carotid intima-media thickness: the metabolic syndrome no-more-than-additive

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1097/hjr.0b013e3282f17bc3 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 190-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Gian Paolo Fadini ◽

Anna Coracina ◽

Sandro Inchiostro ◽

Antonio Tiengo ◽

Angelo Avogaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Stepwise Approach ◽

Media Thickness ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

The Impact

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The Use of Telehealth Technology in Assessing the Accuracy of Self-Reported Weight and the Impact of a Daily Immediate-Feedback Intervention among Obese Employees

International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications ◽

10.1155/2011/909248 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nicolaas P. Pronk ◽

A. Lauren Crain ◽

Jeffrey J. VanWormer ◽

Brian C. Martinson ◽

Jackie L. Boucher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Study Groups ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Control Group ◽

Immediate Feedback ◽

The Impact

Objective.To determine the accuracy of self-reported body weight prior to and following a weight loss intervention including daily self-weighing among obese employees.Methods.As part of a 6-month randomized controlled trial including a no-treatment control group, an intervention group received a series of coaching calls, daily self-weighing, and interactive telemonitoring. The primary outcome variable was the absolute discrepancy between self-reported and measured body weight at baseline and at 6 months. We used general linear mixed model regression to estimate changes and differences between study groups over time.Results.At baseline, study participants underreported their weight by an average of 2.06 (se=0.33) lbs. The intervention group self-reported a smaller absolute body weight discrepancy at followup than the control group.Conclusions.The discrepancy between self-reported and measured body weight appears to be relatively small, may be improved through daily self-monitoring using immediate-feedback telehealth technology, and negligibly impacts change in body weight.

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The Risk Factors-Based Nursing Case Management Could Effectively Reduce the Incidence of Pressure Sores in Hospitalized Patients

Iranian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.18502/ijph.v50i3.5601 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hong JIANG ◽

Yanwen LIANG ◽

Xinmei LIU ◽

Donghong YE ◽

Mengmiao PENG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Weight ◽

Case Management ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Operative Time ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Normal Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Pressure Sores

Background: To explore the effects of risk factors-based nursing management on the occurrence of pressure sores in hospitalized patients. Methods: From Jan 2018 to Jun 2018, 289 hospitalized patients were divided into pressure sores group [100] and control group [189] for retrospective analysis. Overall, 260 hospitalized patients from Jun 2018 to Dec 2018 were followed up for nursing intervention. Overall 130 patients received risk factors-based nursing case management were in the intervention group, whereas 130 patients who received routine nursing care were in the control group. The chi-square test and t-test were used to compare the count data and the measurement data between groups, respectively. Results: Age, body weight and proportions of patients with impaired nutritional intake, diabetes or stroke in pressure sores group were higher than those in normal group (P<0.05). Hospital stay and operative time in pressure sores group was longer than those in normal group (P<0.05). The frequency of assistant activity in pressure sores group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05).In addition, the score of uroclepsia in pressure sores group was lower than that in normal group (P<0.05). Patients in the intervention group showed lower risk for pressure sores and more satisfied than patients in control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Advanced age, high body weight, diabetes and stroke, long hospital stay, long operative time, poor nutritional status and severe uroclepsia were independent risk factors of pressure sores. Risk factorsbased nursing case management can effectively reduce the occurrence and risk of pressure sores for hospitalized patients.

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Abstract P221: The Impact of Prevalent and New-onset Cardiometabolic Risk on the Incidence of Hepatic Steatosis

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.p221 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ehimen C Aneni ◽

Marcio S Bittencourt ◽

Miguel Caínzos Achirica ◽

Michael J Blaha ◽

Ahmed M Soliman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Demographic History ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Forest Plot ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

The Impact ◽

New Onset

Background: Little is known about hepatic steatosis (HS) incidence and its relationship to underlying or new-onset cardiometabolic risk. This study aims to assess the incidence of hepatic steatosis in an asymptomatic population and to determine its relationship to both prevalent and new-onset cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: We analyzed retrospective data from a voluntary employer-sponsored routine health promotion evaluation at the Preventive Medicine Center of the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (São Paulo, Brazil) collected from October 2004 to December 2016.Medical and demographic history, anthropometric measures including blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, and fasting blood samples were obtained. Participants also had ultrasonography to assess for HS. We included data from 8,448 individuals who had complete cardiometabolic and ultrasound data at baseline and repeated all tests at least 6 months later. Results: The mean age (standard deviation, SD) of participants was 40 (9) years. Over a mean (SD) follow-up of 3.4 (2.3) years, the incidence of HS was 14.7%. As shown in the table, diabetes, poor physical activity, elevated waist circumference and cigarette smoking at baseline were independently associated with hepatic steatosis. There was an additive effect of the increasing cardiometabolic risk factors (see graph) on the risk of developing HS. Participants with new-onset cardiometabolic risk factors also had a higher risk of incident HS after accounting for baseline demographics and cardiometabolic risk factors (see forest plot). This was most pronounced for incident obesity (BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m 2 ). Conclusion: In this relatively young population, the incidence of HS was high and was both independently and collectively associated with baseline cardiometabolic risk. New-onset cardiometabolic risk tracks with incident HS. This study emphasizes the need for assessing and mitigating cardiometabolic risk in the prevention of HS.

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