scholarly journals The Impact of Nutritional and Lifestyle Changes on Body Weight, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents during the Pandemic of COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1130
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Karatzi ◽  
Kalliopi-Anna Poulia ◽  
Emilia Papakonstantinou ◽  
Antonis Zampelas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the measures taken by most countries to curb virus transmission, such as social distancing, distance learning, population, home confinement and disruption of all organized activities, has affected children and adolescents worldwide. The aim of this review was to assess the role of diet and lifestyle changes due to COVID-19 measures on body weight/composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. An electronic search was conducted in PUBMED, COCHRANE, Google Scholar and SCOPUS databases up to 31 October 2021. 15 eligible studies were identified. According to the studies included in the analysis, COVID-19 measures seem to have had a negative impact on the diets and lifestyles of children and adolescents, with a consequent increase in body weight and central fat accumulation. On the other hand, the parental presence and control resulted in better glycaemic control in children with diabetes mellitus (DM) Type 1, but the effect of the pandemic in the glycaemic control of children with DM2 2 is controversial. Finally, diet and lifestyle changes had a differential impact on children’s hypertension prevalence. These findings point to the need for public policy measures to prevent obesity and its complications, to and improve diet and lifestyle during the continuing and yet unresolved COVID-19 epidemic.

scholarly journals Randomized Control Trial for Reduction of Body Weight, Body Fat Patterning, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight Worksite Employees in Delhi, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Shrivastava ◽  
Mahrukh Fatma ◽  
Smriti Mohan ◽  
Padam Singh ◽  
Anoop Misra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Active Intervention ◽  
The Impact

Background. We studied the impact of the multicomponent interventions on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight individuals working in corporate worksites.Methods. Overweight (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2) subjects were recruited from four randomised worksites [two active intervention (n, recruited, 180, completed 156) and two control (n, recruited 130, completed 111)]. Intensive intervention was given at intervention worksite.Results. High prevalence (%) of obesity (90.9, 80.2), abdominal obesity (93.5, 84.3), excess skinfold thickness (70.3, 75.9), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels (56.8, 63.7) were seen in the intervention and the control group, respectively. At the end of intervention, the following significant changes were observed in the intervention group: decrease in weight, BMI, waist circumference, serum triglycerides, and increase in HDL-c. Weight loss of more than 5% was seen in 12% and 4% individuals in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Most importantly, the sum of all the skinfold measurements (mm) in the intervention group decreased significantly more than the control group (12.51 ± 10.38 versus 3.50 ± 8.18, resp.).Conclusion. This multicomponent worksite trial showed a reduction in weight, excess subcutaneous fat, and cardiometabolic risk factors after 6 months of active intervention in overweight Asian Indians.Trial Registration. This trial is registered withNCT03249610.

scholarly journals Normalization of Muscle Strength Measurements in the Assessment of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8428
Author(s):  
Tiago Rodrigues de Lima ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Muscle strength (MS) has been associated with cardiometabolic risk factors (CMR) in adolescents, however, the impact attributed to body size in determining muscle strength or whether body size acts as a confounder in this relationship remains controversial. We investigated the association between absolute MS and MS normalized for body size with CMR in adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study comprising 351 adolescents (44.4% male; 16.6 ± 1.0 years) from Brazil. MS was assessed by handgrip and normalized for body weight, body mass index (BMI), height, and fat mass. CMR included obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, glucose imbalance, and high inflammation marker. When normalized for body weight, BMI, and fat mass, MS was inversely associated with the presence of two or more CMR among females. Absolute MS and MS normalized for height was directly associated with the presence of two or more CMR among males. This study suggests that MS normalized for body weight, BMI, and fat mass can be superior to absolute MS and MS normalized for height in representing lower CMR among females. Absolute MS and MS normalized for height were related to higher CMR among males.

Physical fitness as a moderator in the relationship between adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Brand ◽  
Ana P. Sehn ◽  
Anelise R. Gaya ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Javier Brazo-Sayavera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Assessment of the correlation between the atherogenic index of plasma and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: might it be superior to the TG/HDL-C ratio?

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalan Hakime Nogay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Atherogenic Index Of Plasma ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBackground:Most of the studies investigating the correlation between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and cardiometabolic risk factors have been conducted with adults, while only a limited number of related studies that involved children and adolescents has been conducted. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation between the AIP and other cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents.Methods:This study was conducted with 310 girls and 90 boys who were between the ages of 6 and 18 years. After a 10-h fasting period, the biochemical values of the participants were measured in the morning. The anthropometric measurements of the participants were also taken. The AIP was calculated as Log10 (triglycerides/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; TG/HDL-C).Results:In adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18, the mean AIP of the group with TG ≥130 mg/dL was significantly higher than that of the groups with TG of 90–129 mg/dL and <90 mg/dL. There was a strong correlation between TG and AIP for both boys and girls among the children and adolescents, while there was a strong correlation between the TG/HDL-C ratio and TG only in the boys who were within the 6–11-year-old age group.Conclusions:An increase in AIP is associated with cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents other than those seen in adults. Based on the TG/HDL-C ratio, the AIP may be superior as a complementary index in the assessment of cardiometabolic risks in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Serum Uric Acid and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Iranian Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Motahar Heidari-Beni ◽  
◽  
Roya Riahi ◽  
Fatemeh Mohebpour ◽  
Majid Khademian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Iranian Children

Context: There has been an increasing interest in epidemiological and clinical studies concerning the role of uric acid in cardiometabolic diseases, especially in children and adolescents. However, these potential relationships remain undiscovered; accordingly, its pathophysiological mechanisms remain unrecognized. This study aimed to assess the potential association between Serum Uric Acid (SUA) levels and cardiometabolic risk factors in a population-based sample of Iranian children and adolescents. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the potential association between Serum Uric Acid (SUA) levels and cardiometabolic risk factors in a population-based sample of Iranian children and adolescents. Methods: The data of 595 individuals aged 7-18 years were assessed in this research. Anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were performed according to standardized protocols. Results: The Mean±SD age of the 595 explored students was 12.39±3.07 years. The overall Mean±SD SUA level of the study participants was measured as 4.22±1.13 mg/dL, with significant gender-wise differences (4.04±0.97 mg/dL vs 4.38±1.24 mg/dL, respectively; P<0.05). The prevalence of hyperuricemia based on the 90th percentile of SUA levels was equal to 10.6%. There was a positive association between SUA levels and abdominal obesity (waist circumference: ≥90th percentile) [Odds Ratio (OR): 1.54; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.26 to 1.86] and general obesity [gender-specific Body Mass Index (BMI) for >95th percentile] (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.74 to 3.11). Conclusions: This study suggested BMI and waist circumference as cardiometabolic risk factors, i.e. significantly associated with SUA levels in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Association of body mass index, sagittal abdominal diameter and waist-hip ratio with cardiometabolic risk factors and adipocytokines in Arab children and adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar S Al-Attas ◽  
Nasser M Al-Daghri ◽  
Majed S Alokail ◽  
Khalid M Alkharfy ◽  
Hossam Draz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter ◽  
Arab Children ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio

Abstract P221: The Impact of Prevalent and New-onset Cardiometabolic Risk on the Incidence of Hepatic Steatosis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehimen C Aneni ◽  
Marcio S Bittencourt ◽  
Miguel Caínzos Achirica ◽  
Michael J Blaha ◽  
Ahmed M Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Onset

Background: Little is known about hepatic steatosis (HS) incidence and its relationship to underlying or new-onset cardiometabolic risk. This study aims to assess the incidence of hepatic steatosis in an asymptomatic population and to determine its relationship to both prevalent and new-onset cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: We analyzed retrospective data from a voluntary employer-sponsored routine health promotion evaluation at the Preventive Medicine Center of the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (São Paulo, Brazil) collected from October 2004 to December 2016.Medical and demographic history, anthropometric measures including blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, and fasting blood samples were obtained. Participants also had ultrasonography to assess for HS. We included data from 8,448 individuals who had complete cardiometabolic and ultrasound data at baseline and repeated all tests at least 6 months later. Results: The mean age (standard deviation, SD) of participants was 40 (9) years. Over a mean (SD) follow-up of 3.4 (2.3) years, the incidence of HS was 14.7%. As shown in the table, diabetes, poor physical activity, elevated waist circumference and cigarette smoking at baseline were independently associated with hepatic steatosis. There was an additive effect of the increasing cardiometabolic risk factors (see graph) on the risk of developing HS. Participants with new-onset cardiometabolic risk factors also had a higher risk of incident HS after accounting for baseline demographics and cardiometabolic risk factors (see forest plot). This was most pronounced for incident obesity (BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m 2 ). Conclusion: In this relatively young population, the incidence of HS was high and was both independently and collectively associated with baseline cardiometabolic risk. New-onset cardiometabolic risk tracks with incident HS. This study emphasizes the need for assessing and mitigating cardiometabolic risk in the prevention of HS.

scholarly journals Passive smoking and cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranian children and adolescents: CASPIAN-V study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Ebrahimi ◽  
Mohammadreza Hashemi Aghdam ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Faeze Abbaspour Kaboodan ◽  
Gita Shafiee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Iranian Children

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Impact of Behavioral Health Homes on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors for Adults With Serious Mental Illness

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Fortuna ◽  
Peter R. DiMilia ◽  
Matthew C. Lohman ◽  
Brandi P. Cotton ◽  
Janet R. Cummings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Health Homes ◽  
The Impact
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