scholarly journals Smart Care Beds for Elderly Patients with Impaired Mobility

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Sik Hong
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Mobility Impairment ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Microcontroller Unit

Most accidents occurring at medical institutions treating elderly patients with mobility impairment are bedsores and fall accidents. One of the reasons for this high rate of accidents is the lack of nursing personnel. In order to aid caregivers in nursing elderly patients who are not able to move about freely, in this paper, we propose a design and implementation of a smart bed. In this bed, several pressure sensors are deployed underneath the mattress cover to consider both peoples’ standard physical characteristics and the specific body parts where bedsores commonly occur. To manage the pressure ulcer area and to prevent falls, the body area is divided into three vertical areas and three horizontal areas. Each microcontroller unit manages pressure-sensing information in one of the body regions divided horizontally. In this study, a real-time pressure-sensing algorithm is presented that is capable of deciding on the possibilities of bedsores and falling accidents by considering both the intensity and the duration of pressure of specific body parts. Our experimental results demonstrate that a prototype smart bed works well for several human models of various heights and weights.

scholarly journals Distinct genetic architectures underlie divergent thorax, leg, and wing pigmentation between Drosophila elegans and D. gunungcola

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan H. Massey ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
David L. Stern ◽  
Patricia J. Wittkopp
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Male Specific

AbstractUnderstanding the genetic basis of species differences is a major goal in evolutionary biology. Pigmentation divergence between Drosophila species often involves genetic changes in pigmentation candidate genes that pattern the body and wings, but it remains unclear how these changes affect pigmentation evolution in multiple body parts between the same diverging species. Drosophila elegans and D. gunungcola show pigmentation differences in the thorax, legs, and wings, with D. elegans exhibiting male-specific wing spots and D. gunungcola lacking wing spots with intensely dark thoraces and legs. Here, we performed QTL mapping to identify the genetic architecture of these differences. We find a large effect QTL on the X chromosome for all three body parts. QTL on Muller Element E were found for thorax pigmentation in both backcrosses but were only marginally significant in one backcross for the legs and wings. Consistent with this observation, we isolated the effects of the Muller Element E QTL by introgressing D. gunungcola alleles into a D. elegans genetic background and found that D. gunungcola alleles linked near the pigmentation candidate gene ebony caused intense darkening of the thorax, minimal darkening of legs, and minimal shrinking of wing spots. D. elegans ebony mutants showed changes in pigmentation consistent with Ebony having different effects on pigmentation in different tissues. Our results suggest that multiple genes have evolved differential effects on pigmentation levels in different body regions.

scholarly journals SEM Study on Morphological Changes in Metarhizium anisopliae Infected Aphis craccivora Koch.

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Sarodee Boruah ◽  
Pranab Dutta ◽  
Joyarani Pegu ◽  
Himadri Kaushik ◽  
N. Gogoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Fungal Propagules ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Scanning Electron

Morphological changes in <em>Metarhizuim anisopliae</em> (Metschnikoff) Sorokin infected cow pea aphid, <em>Aphis craccivora</em> Koch were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Aphids were caged on paired lantern chimney over cowpea twigs dipped in conical flasks with water infected and inoculated with fungal propagules of <em>M. anisopliae</em> at the concentration of 1X10<sup>6</sup> spores /ml of water. Infected aphids were observed under SEM and it showed severe cuticular damage, abnormalities in sensory systems as well as deformation of all the body parts. The hydrophobic conidia of <em>M. anisopliae</em> were found to attach to all body regions. It was evident that mycelial growth and conidiophores with conidia of <em>M. anisopliae</em> covered the body surface and penetrates inside the body of infested aphid causing damage to the pest by disturbing its major physiological activities leading to its death.

scholarly journals Intrinsic somatosensory feedback supports motor control and learning to operate artificial body parts

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Amoruso ◽  
Lucy Dowdall ◽  
Mathew Thomas Kollamkulam ◽  
Obioha Ukaegbu ◽  
Paulina Kieliba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Somatosensory Feedback ◽  
Somatosensory Information

Abstract Objective Considerable resources are being invested to enhance the control and usability of artificial limbs through the delivery of unnatural forms of somatosensory feedback. Here, we investigated whether intrinsic somatosensory information from the body part(s) remotely controlling an artificial limb can be leveraged by the motor system to support control and skill learning. Approach In a placebo-controlled design, we used local anaesthetic to attenuate somatosensory inputs to the big toes while participants learned to operate through pressure sensors a toe-controlled and hand-worn robotic extra finger. Motor learning outcomes were compared against a control group who received sham anaesthetic and quantified in three different task scenarios: while operating in isolation from, in synchronous coordination, and collaboration with, the biological fingers. Main results Both groups were able to learn to operate the robotic extra finger, presumably due to abundance of visual feedback and other relevant sensory cues. Importantly, the availability of displaced somatosensory cues from the distal bodily controllers facilitated the acquisition of isolated robotic finger movements, the retention and transfer of synchronous hand-robot coordination skills, and performance under cognitive load. Motor performance was not impaired by toes anaesthesia when tasks involved close collaboration with the biological fingers, indicating that the motor system can close the sensory feedback gap by dynamically integrating task-intrinsic somatosensory signals from multiple, and even distal, body- parts. Significance Together, our findings demonstrate that there are multiple natural avenues to provide intrinsic surrogate somatosensory information to support motor control of an artificial body part, beyond artificial stimulation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among handloom weavers of Uttarakhand : an ergonomic study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heena Naz ◽  
Seema Kwatra ◽  
Pragya Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Working Postures ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problems ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities

Long hours of static work with awkward working postures at traditionally designed looms can cause high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among handloom weavers. Because of incompatible working situations handloom weaver in textile industries are confronting with many work related musculoskeletal problems related to pain and discomfort in upper and lower extremities. Keeping this in view, the present study was planned to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and postural discomfort among handloom weavers. For this study, 64 (male and female) handloom weavers aged 20-55 years were selected randomly from Almora and Nainital districts of Uttarakhand state. To collect the information, standardized Nordic questionnaire was used to assess pain and discomfort in different body regions of handloom weavers. It was observed that those workers worked continuously in awkward postures during weaving activities. Consequently they suffered from high discomfort in their different body parts. High rate of pain and musculoskeletal disorder was most prevalent in right wrist, left wrist, hip/thigh, neck and lower back of the workers. The data reveled that since last 12 months, total 76.56 percent workers were suffered with pain and discomfort in right hand and 73.44 percent workers had pain and discomfort in both elbows. During last month, 73.44 percent workers were suffered with pain and discomfort in upper back because of awkward working postures whereas during 7 days, total 59.38 percent workers had pain in lower back. The study indicates that the traditional handloom weaving demands immediate ergonomic intervention in the workstation and process design.

scholarly journals Differences between empathy for face and body pain: Cognitive and neural responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong Li ◽  
Yinya Zhang ◽  
Binyang Xiang ◽  
Jing Meng
Keyword(s):  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Facial Information ◽  
Body Pain ◽  
Face Pain ◽  
Empathy For Pain ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders

Empathy for pain is a hotspot in the field of empathy research because of its specific cognitive and neural mechanism. Currently, studies of empathy for pain can be classified into two categories based on the body regions receiving the painful stimulus, i.e., empathy for face pain and empathy for body pain, which conveys painful information based on individuals’ faces or body parts, respectively. Although the existing evidence revealed differences between these two kinds of pain empathy regarding the underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms, the current studies tend to confuse these findings. Therefore, we summarized the differences between empathy for face and body pain, mainly regarding the behavioral reactivity tendency, brain activations, and electrophysiological (EEG) signals. These differences probably stem from the fact that the human face contains more emotional information, while other body parts contain more perceptual information. Thus, future studies should identify the distinctions between empathy for face and body pain, to explore further how empathy for face pain is affected by the facial information of others and focus on empathy for face pain in individuals with psychopathological disorders. Furthermore, the specific reasons for these distinctions and their underlying neuromechanisms deserve to be further reviewed.

Contingencies between verbs, body parts, and argument structures in maternal and child speech: a corpus study

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSITA C. MAOUENE ◽  
NITYA SETHURAMAN ◽  
MOUNIR M. MAOUENE ◽  
SANGO OTIENO
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Structure Development ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Verb Meaning

abstractPrior work on argument structure development has shown connections between abstract verb meaning and argument structure; neuroimaging and behavioral studies have shown connections between verb meaning and body effectors. Here we examine the contingencies between verbs, their most likely body region pairing, and argument structure. We ask whether the verbs used in six common syntactic frames are specifically linked to one of three main regions of the body:head, arm, leg.The speech of 20-month-olds (N= 67), 28-month-olds (N= 27), and their mothers (N= 54) (CHILDES: MacWhinney, 2000) was examined for the use of early-learned verbs (MCDI: Fenson, Dale, Reznick, Bates, Thal, & Pethick, 1994). In total, 89 verb types in 3321 utterances were coded for their associations with thehead, arm, andlegbody regions (associations taken from Maouene, Hidaka, & Smith, 2008). Significant non-random relations are found both overall and for each age group in analyses using multiple chi-square tests of independence and goodness-of-fit. These results are discussed in terms of their relevance for both argument structure development and embodied cognition, as evidence supporting a developmental path that has not been previously examined, in which the infant can use early and concrete perception-action information to learn later abstract syntactic achievements.

scholarly journals Design a multi-motion bed to help the Elderly people and sick

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 789
Author(s):  
Nisreen Kareem Ali ◽  
Mustafa Yaseen Abdulateef ◽  
Mohammed Hasan Ali
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Faculty ◽  
Sheet Material ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Parental Figures ◽  
Social Orders ◽  
Microcontroller Unit ◽  
Level Plane

Most mishaps happening at clinical foundations treating older patients with portability hindrance are bedsores and slip-and-fall accidents. One reason for this high pace of mishaps is the absence of nursing faculty. So as to help parental figures in nursing old patients who are unable to move freely, we offer an arrangement and implementation of a wise bed in this work. This is the bed. Under the sheet material spread, a couple of weight sensors are passed to consider the two social orders' regular actual characteristics as well as the specific body portions where bedsores commonly arise. The body zone is divided into three vertical territories and three level zones to cope with the weight ulcer territory and prevent falls. Each microcontroller unit is in charge of monitoring pressure-differentiating data in one of the bodily regions separated on a level plane. In this review, a consistent weight distinguishing figure is offered that is useful for predicting the anticipated outcomes of bedsores and falling setbacks by taking into account both the strength and the length of weight of unambiguous body parts. Our preliminary findings reveal that a model magnificent bed serves a pair of human models of varied heights and burdens admirably.

Formulation, Design and Development of Niosome Based Topical Gel for Skin Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Hemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Formulation Design ◽  
Topical Gel

Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer in which mostly damaged unpaired DNA starts mutating abnormally and staged an unprecedented proliferation of epithelial skin to form a malignant tumor. In epidemics of skin, pigment-forming melanocytes of basal cells start depleting and form uneven black or brown moles. Melanoma can further spread all over the body parts and could become hard to detect. In USA Melanoma kills an estimated 10,130 people annually. This challenge can be succumbed by using the certain anti-cancer drug. In this study design, cyclophosphamide were used as a model drug. But it has own limitation like mild to moderate use may cause severe cytopenia, hemorrhagic cystitis, neutropenia, alopecia and GI disturbance. This is a promising challenge, which is caused due to the increasing in plasma drug concentration above therapeutic level and due to no rate limiting steps involved in formulation design. In this study, we tried to modify drug release up to threefold and extended the release of drug by preparing and designing niosome based topical gel. In the presence of Dichloromethane, Span60 and cholesterol, the initial niosomes were prepared using vacuum evaporator. The optimum percentage drug entrapment efficacy, zeta potential, particle size was found to be 72.16%, 6.19mV, 1.67µm.Prepared niosomes were further characterized using TEM analyzer. The optimum batch of niosomes was selected and incorporated into topical gel preparation. Cold inversion method and Poloxamer -188 and HPMC as core polymers, were used to prepare cyclophosphamide niosome based topical gel. The formula was designed using Design expert 7.0.0 software and Box-Behnken Design model was selected. Almost all the evaluation parameters were studied and reported. The MTT shows good % cell growth inhibition by prepared niosome based gel against of A375 cell line. The drug release was extended up to 20th hours. Further as per ICH Q1A (R2), guideline 6 month stability studies were performed. The results were satisfactory and indicating a good formulation approach design was achieved for Melanoma treatment.

Re-imagining Reproduction: Unsettling Metaphors in the History of Imperial Science and Commercial Surrogacy in India

Somatechnics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalindi Vora
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Commercial Surrogacy ◽  
Art Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Travel Industry

This paper provides an analysis of how cultural notions of the body and kinship conveyed through Western medical technologies and practices in Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) bring together India's colonial history and its economic development through outsourcing, globalisation and instrumentalised notions of the reproductive body in transnational commercial surrogacy. Essential to this industry is the concept of the disembodied uterus that has arisen in scientific and medical practice, which allows for the logic of the ‘gestational carrier’ as a functional role in ART practices, and therefore in transnational medical fertility travel to India. Highlighting the instrumentalisation of the uterus as an alienable component of a body and subject – and therefore of women's bodies in surrogacy – helps elucidate some of the material and political stakes that accompany the growth of the fertility travel industry in India, where histories of privilege and difference converge. I conclude that the metaphors we use to structure our understanding of bodies and body parts impact how we imagine appropriate roles for people and their bodies in ways that are still deeply entangled with imperial histories of science, and these histories shape the contemporary disparities found in access to medical and legal protections among participants in transnational surrogacy arrangements.

Deadlift Recognition and Application based on Multiple Modalities using Recurrent Neural Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (17) ◽  
pp. 2-1-2-6
Author(s):  
Shih-Wei Sun ◽  
Ting-Chen Mou ◽  
Pao-Chi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Recurrent Neural Network ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Multimodal Sensing ◽  
Multiple Devices ◽  
Neural Network Structure

To improve the workout efficiency and to provide the body movement suggestions to users in a “smart gym” environment, we propose to use a depth camera for capturing a user’s body parts and mount multiple inertial sensors on the body parts of a user to generate deadlift behavior models generated by a recurrent neural network structure. The contribution of this paper is trifold: 1) The multimodal sensing signals obtained from multiple devices are fused for generating the deadlift behavior classifiers, 2) the recurrent neural network structure can analyze the information from the synchronized skeletal and inertial sensing data, and 3) a Vaplab dataset is generated for evaluating the deadlift behaviors recognizing capability in the proposed method.

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