scholarly journals Effect of Tungsten Carbides on Abrasive Wear of Hardfacing Coatings

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Pichler ◽  
Martin Leitner ◽  
Florian Grün ◽  
Jürgen Haßler
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Tungsten Carbides ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Steel Wheel ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study is to investigate the abrasive wear loss as well as the wear mechanisms of hardfacing layers with and without tungsten carbides (WC) included in the matrix in different friction wheel test (FWT) configurations. The FWT setup is varied in regard to the materials of the rotating wheels, whereat steel and rubber materials are utilized to achieve varying wear mechanisms as representative conditions for stone milling as well as low density wood cutting processes. Coatings including fine particles of WC highlight the highest resistance against abrasive wear in rubber wheel testing condition, at which microcutting acts as the dominant effect. In comparison to the hardfacings without WC, the mean material loss majorly decreases by about 75%. On the contrary, the mean material loss of fine WC reinforced coatings increases up to 93% compared to the condition without WC if a steel wheel is utilized as rotating counterpart. Thereby, the coatings with comparably coarse WC reveal the minimum material loss with a decrease over 70% compared to the condition without WC. In conclusion, the inclusion of WC in hardfacing coatings significantly increases the wear resistance. The experimental wear test results highlight the fact that in order to achieve the optimal wear resistance the material characteristics of the hardfacings need to be properly defined considering the predominant wear mechanisms under in-service conditions.

Tribological Properties of Calotropis Procera Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
M.J. Raghu ◽  
Govardhan Goud
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Three Body

Natural fibers are widely used for reinforcement in polymer composite materials and proved to be effectively replacing synthetic fiber reinforced polymer composites to some extent in applications like domestic, automotive and lower end aerospace parts. The natural fiber reinforced composites are environment friendly, have high strength to weight ratio as well as specific strengths comparable with synthetic glass fiber reinforced composites. In the present work, hybrid epoxy composites were fabricated using calotropis procera and glass fibers as reinforcement by hand lay-up method. The fibre reinforcement in epoxy matrix was maintained at 20 wt%. In 20 wt% reinforcement of fibre, the content of calotropis procera and glass fibre were varied from 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%. The dry sliding wear test as per ASTM G99 and three body abrasive wear test as per ASTM G65 were conducted to find the tribological properties by varying speed, load, distance and abrasive size. The hybrid composite having 5 wt% calotropis procera and 15 wt% glass fibre showed less wear loss in hybrid composites both in sliding wear test as well as in abrasive wear test which is comparable with 20 wt% glass fibre reinforced epoxy composite which marked very low wear loss. The SEM analysis was carried out to study the worn out surfaces of dry sliding wear test and three body abrasive wear test specimens.

Effect of Nano Sodium Titanate/ Potassium Titanate Whisker on Tribology Behavior of Brake Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 836-843
Author(s):  
Ke Guo ◽  
Zhi Qiang Zhang ◽  
Zhong Zheng Pei ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Yi Fan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Potassium Titanate

Here we developed a hot-pressed molded resin-based brake pad material reinforced by a nano sodium titanate whisker in comparison with nano potassium titanate whisker. The effect of the whiskers on the tribology behavior was investigated. Though nano sodium titanate whisker reinforced brake material showed higher porosity (+12.29% averagely) and lower hardness (-25.8% averagely) caused by the impurities, it exhibited improved ability in stabilizing the friction coefficient and enhancing 25.5%, 31.1%, 25.9% higher wear resistance, when the volume contents of whisker are 7.5%, 15% and 22.5%, respectively, compared to the nano potassium titanate whisker reinforced brake material. The wear mechanisms of the nano sodium titanate whisker reinforced brake materials were determined as embedded debris, delaminated crater, moderate layers transfer, uniform furrows, primary plateaus and secondary plateaus in similar size, indicating a main wear form of abrasive wear instead of adhesive wear.

The Effect of Boron on the Sliding Wear Behavior of Iron-Based Hardfacing Alloys for Nuclear Power Plants Valves

2006 ◽  
Vol 510-511 ◽  
pp. 562-565
Author(s):  
Jeng Wan Yoo ◽  
Kwon Yeong Lee ◽  
Ji Hui Kim ◽  
Ki Soo Kim ◽  
Seon Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Iron Based

A new iron-based wear resistance alloy was developed to replace the Co-containing Stellite 6 alloys in nuclear power industry. The effect of B addition on the wear resistance was investigated. Sliding wear tests of Fe-Cr-C-Si-xB (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0 and 2.0 wt%) alloys were performed in air at the room temperature under a contact stress of 103 MPa. Low-boron alloys containing less than 0.6 wt% boron showed an excellent wear resistance than any other tested alloys. The improvement was associated with the matrix hardening by promotion of the γ→α′straininduced martensitic transformation occurring during the wear test. However, the alloys containing more than 1.0 wt% boron showed slightly increased wear loss compared to the low-boron alloys because of the absence of the strain-induced martensitic transformation and the presence of the brittle FeB particles, aiding crack initiation.

Investigation of thermochemical boriding effect on wear behavior of a GGG 50 quality as-cast ductile iron

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun Mindivan
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Cast Ductile Iron

Purpose This study aims to investigate the microstructure and the abrasive wear features of the untreated and pack borided GGG 50 quality ductile iron under various working temperatures. Design/methodology/approach GGG 50 quality as-cast ductile iron samples were pack borided in Ekabor II powder at 900°C for 3 h, followed by furnace cooling. Structural characterization was made by optical microscopy. Mechanical characterization was made by hardness and pin-on-disc wear test. Pin-on-disc test was conducted on a 240-mesh Al2O3 abrasive paper at various temperatures in between 25 and 450°C. Findings Room temperature abrasive wear resistance of the borided ductile iron increased with an increase in its surface hardness. High-temperature abrasive wear resistances of the borided ductile iron linearly decreased with an increase in test temperature. However, the untreated ductile iron exhibited relatively high resistance to abrasion at a temperature of 150°C. Originality/value This study can be a practical reference and offers insight into the effects of boriding process on the increase of room temperature wear resistance. However, above 150°C, the untreated ductile iron exhibited similar abrasive wear performance as compared to the borided ductile iron.

scholarly journals Effect of WC Grain Size and Abrasive Type on the Wear Performance of HVOF-Sprayed WC-20Cr3C2-7Ni Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Qun Wang ◽  
Yingpeng Zhang ◽  
Xiang Ding ◽  
Shaoyi Wang ◽  
Chidambaram Seshadri Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Binder Phase ◽  
Repeated Impact ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Three Body

In order to investigate the effect of WC grain size on coatings’ properties and abrasive wear performance, a few WC-20Cr3C2-7Ni coatings with three different WC grain sizes were deposited by the high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process. The phase compositions, microstructures, and mechanical properties of the coatings were investigated. Furthermore, the two- and three-body abrasive wear performances of the three coatings were tested by using SiC and SiO2 abrasives, respectively. The results show that all the three coatings were composed of WC, Cr3C2, and the Ni binder as well as the (W,Cr)2C phase. The abrasive wear resistance of the WC-20Cr3C2-7Ni coating monotonously increased with increasing WC grain size when the SiC abrasive was used in the two- and three-body abrasive wear tests. However, the wear resistance trend was reversed when the SiO2 abrasive was used in the three-body abrasive wear test. The specific wear rate of the WC-20Cr3C2-7Ni coating exposed to the SiC abrasive under the two-body abrasive wear test was the largest. The wear resistance of the coatings was more significantly affected by the hardness of the abrasive particles than the size of carbides present within the coating. The high hardness of SiC can cut both the carbide and the binder phase of the WC-based cermet coatings, resulting in a high wear rate, whereas the low hardness of SiO2 cuts and/or scratches the binder initially, and then it dislodges the carbides from the matrix. The dislodged carbides which were subsequently pulled out from the matrix by the repeated impact of the SiO2 abrasives result in a milder wear rate.

scholarly journals Investigation of Mechanical Properties of AISI 316 Stainless Steel by Carbonitriding Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
A Rohit Sai Krishna ◽  
B Vamshi Krishna ◽  
D Harshith ◽  
T Sashank ◽  
Ram Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Aisi 316 Stainless Steel

This project investigates on salt bath nitriding process in order to improve the wear behavior of the material. This process increases the hardness of the material. The specimens were nitrided at 580°c on three different timing hours such as 60 minutes, 90 minutes & 120 minutes. A pin on disc machine is used to conduct wear test, so that wear loss can be determined. The specimens are to be magnified by metallographic test like scanning electron microscope. The untreated specimen is used to compare with the nitrided specimen. The best specimen is chosen which determines the life of material & improves the better wear resistance. The hardness of untreated material and nitrided material are compared. The material AISI stainless steel has many unique properties but it lacks wear resistance and hardness because of which it has limited applications. By conducting heat treatment operation, the hardness of the material does not improve, but by conducting case hardening process the hardness of the outer case will be high compared to base metal. If the hardness and wear resistance of the material improves the material can be used in wide range of applications.

scholarly journals Wear Characteristics of AISI 310 Grade Stainless Steel Material by Carbonitriding Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
Manne Vamshi ◽  
Animesh Bain ◽  
M. Sreekanth ◽  
Ram Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Case Depth ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Stainless Steel Material ◽  
Strong Adhesion

The investigation on the microstructure and mechanical behaviour of steel AISI 310 has been carried out during a Carbonitriding process aiming to improve the wear performance. The comparison study was made to treated specimens with untreated sample. Carbonitriding is a viable technique to enhance the wear resistance of the stainless steel material. The present study focused in the direction of investigating the effect of microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of AISI 310 stainless steel material. In carbonitriding process the case depth was found to be from 13, 16.5 and 19 Microns which is treated 2 hrs, 4hrs and 6 hrs respectively. The combination action of strong adhesion, abrasion and severe plastic deformation are the primary reasons for the continuous material loss in the untreated specimens during testing. The Optical microscope, SEM analysis and wear test are conducted to find out the various results.

Abrasive Wear: Design of Experiment (DOE) for Determining the Wear on Crowns Used by Drilling Companies for Mineral Surveys

2013 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Zirlene Alves da Silva Santos ◽  
Jefferson Januário Mendes ◽  
Adilson Rodrigues da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Controllable Factors

Currently companies seek performance improvement for equipment and components, and an important factor that influences performance is wear. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the applicability of a methodology that was developed using literature, field research, brainstorming, optical microscopy, statistical analysis.Wear tests for drilling crown samplesfor the production process were performed. - The crown’s chemical composition was analyzed to see if it was appropriate for the soil’s mineral lithology. Having done this, a statistical analysis was made. using Minitab 16 software, specifically applying DOE (2Kfactorial) technique. With the statistical result, a prototype was produced and subjected to a wear test for analysis of material loss compared to crowns having a better performance.Thus, the conclusion reached was that the planning process improves withthis experimental probing, which helps to identify and correct controllable factors.

High-Temperature Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin Samuel. S ◽  
Yash Chodancar ◽  
Smit Kanther ◽  
Arivarasu M. ◽  
T. Ram Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Oxide Formation ◽  
Protective Oxide ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Conditions

Abstract In this study, the microstructure, high-temperature tribological performance, and mechanical properties of solution-aged Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al were investigated. The microstructure of solution-aged Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al reveals a bimodal α and β microstructure with uniformly dispersed α precipitates in the β matrix phase. The hot tribological performance of solution-aged Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al was investigated at different temperatures (28, 250, 350, and 450 °C) in a high-temperature pin-on-disc configuration. The wear mechanisms were evaluated at the worn-out surface using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The abrasive wear mechanism is predominant at 28 °C and 250 °C testing conditions, whereas the oxidation and delamination are dominant wear mechanisms at 350 °C and 450 °C testing conditions. The worn-out surface at different temperature conditions was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) analysis. The absence of protective oxide formation at 28 °C and intermittent protective oxide formation at 250 °C testing condition are ineffective in protecting the surface from wear damages and high wear loss. The protective tribo-oxide formations at 350 °C and 450 °C are continuous and provide improved wear resistance behavior of the material. The V2O5-rich tribo-oxide layer formation at 350 °C offers excellent wear resistance and protection against wear damages among the testing conditions. The Vickers microhardness study of the samples tested at different temperature conditions shows significant differences in the hardness magnitude at the cross section.

Optimization of Structure of Hardmetal Reinforced Iron-Based PM Hardfacings for Abrasive Wear Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taavi Simson ◽  
Priit Kulu ◽  
Andrei Surženkov ◽  
Dmitri Goljandin ◽  
Riho Tarbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Abrasive Wear Resistance ◽  
Volumetric Wear ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Iron Based ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Shape And Size

This paper focuses on the influence of hardmetal reinforcement amount, shape and size on the abrasive wear resistance of composite iron self-fluxing alloy (FeCrSiB) based hardfacings produced by the powder metallurgy (PM) technology. First, the size of the reinforcement (1 – 2.5 mm) was fixed, but its shape (angular or spherical) and amount (0 – 50 vol%) were varied. Then the reinforcement shape (angular) and amount (50 vol%) were kept constant, while its size (0.16 – 0.315 mm fine reinforcement and 1 – 2.5 mm coarse reinforcement) and proportion of fine and coarse reinforcement (all fine, all coarse, half fine-half coarse) were varied. ASTM G65 abrasive rubber wheel wear test was applied to find out the wear resistance of the hardfacings; an unreinforced self-luxing alloy (FeCrSiB) hardfacing was the reference material. Volumetric wear rate was calculated according to the weight loss. Worn surfaces were studied under scanning electron microscope. As a result, an optimal composition of the hardmetal containing Fe-based hardfacings based on the reinforcement amount (vol%), shape (irregular or spherical) and size (fine or coarse) is given.

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