scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of Dengue Virus in Bangkalan, Madura Island, East Java Province, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Hari Sucipto ◽  
Tomohiro Kotaki ◽  
Kris Cahyo Mulyatno ◽  
Siti Churrotin ◽  
Amaliah Labiqah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Mcmc Method ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Viral Surveillance ◽  
Major Health Issue

Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a major health issue in tropical and subtropical areas. Indonesia is one of the biggest dengue endemic countries in the world. In the present study, the phylogenetic analysis of DENV in Bangkalan, Madura Island, Indonesia, was performed in order to obtain a clearer understanding of its dynamics in this country. A total of 359 blood samples from dengue-suspected patients were collected between 2012 and 2014. Serotyping was conducted using a multiplex Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction and a phylogenetic analysis of E gene sequences was performed using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. 17 out of 359 blood samples (4.7%) were positive for the isolation of DENV. Serotyping and the phylogenetic analysis revealed the predominance of DENV-1 genotype I (9/17, 52.9%), followed by DENV-2 Cosmopolitan type(7/17, 41.2%)and DENV-3 genotype I(1/17, 5.9%). DENV-4 was not isolated. The Madura Island isolates showed high nucleotide similarity to other Indonesian isolates, indicating frequent virus circulation in Indonesia. The results of the present study highlight the importance of continuous viral surveillance in dengue endemic areas in order to obtain a clearer understanding of the dynamics of DENV in Indonesia.

Asian genotypes of dengue virus 4 in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (14) ◽  
pp. 3114-3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. O. PINHO ◽  
S. I. SARDI ◽  
F. L. PAULA ◽  
I. B. PEIXOTO ◽  
C. J. BRANDÃO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Dengue Virus Serotypes

SUMMARYDengue virus, commonly transmitted by mosquitoes, causes a human disease of significant social impact and presents a serious public health problem in Brazil. This report describes the unusual emergence of DENV-4 in northern Brazil after a nearly 30-year-long absence. DENV-4 genotype I is of Asian origin and was identified in the serum of patients receiving treatment at a hospital serving the Salvador area (Brazilian state of Bahia). The identification of dengue virus serotypes through molecular and phylogenetic analysis is essential for predicting disease severity or fatal illness, principally in endemic countries such as Brazil.

scholarly journals Dengue virus in humans and mosquitoes and their molecular characteristics in northeastern Thailand 2016-2018

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257460
Author(s):  
Patcharaporn Nonyong ◽  
Tipaya Ekalaksananan ◽  
Supranee Phanthanawiboon ◽  
Sirinart Aromseree ◽  
Juthamas Phadungsombat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics ◽  
Relationship Of

Dengue is hyperendemic in most Southeast Asian countries including Thailand, where all four dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1 to -4) have circulated over different periods and regions. Despite dengue cases being annually reported in all regions of Thailand, there is limited data on the relationship of epidemic DENV infection between humans and mosquitoes, and about the dynamics of DENV during outbreaks in the northeastern region. The present study was conducted in this region to investigate the molecular epidemiology of DENV and explore the relationships of DENV infection in humans and in mosquitoes during 2016–2018. A total of 292 dengue suspected patients from 11 hospitals and 902 individual mosquitoes (at patient’s houses and neighboring houses) were recruited and investigated for DENV serotypes infection using PCR. A total of 103 patients and 149 individual mosquitoes were DENV -positive. Among patients, the predominant DENV serotypes in 2016 and 2018 were DENV-4 (74%) and DENV-3 (53%) respectively, whereas in 2017, DENV-1, -3 and -4 had similar prevalence (38%). Additionally, only 19% of DENV infections in humans and mosquitoes at surrounding houses were serotypically matched, while 81% of infections were serotypically mismatched, suggesting that mosquitoes outside the residence may be an important factor of endemic dengue transmission. Phylogenetic analyses based on envelope gene sequences showed the genotype I of both DENV-1 and DENV-4, and co-circulation of the Cosmopolitan and Asian I genotypes of DENV-2. These strains were closely related to concurrent strains in other parts of Thailand and also similar to strains in previous epidemiological profiles in Thailand and elsewhere in Southeast Asia. These findings highlight genomic data of DENV in this region and suggest that people’s movement in urban environments may result in mosquitoes far away from the residential area being key determinants of DENV epidemic dynamics.

scholarly journals Crocetin Improves Dengue Virus-Induced Liver Injury

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 825
Author(s):  
Gopinathan Pillai Sreekanth ◽  
Aporn Chuncharunee ◽  
Pa-thai Yenchitsomanus ◽  
Thawornchai Limjindaporn
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Dengue virus (DENV) infection is one of the most widespread mosquito-borne viral infections. Liver injury is commonly observed in severe DENV infection, and the present study aimed to examine the efficacy of crocetin treatment in an immunocompetent mouse model of DENV infection exhibiting liver injury. The efficacy of crocetin treatment in DENV-induced liver injury was assessed via both transaminase levels and histopathology analysis. A real-time polymerase chain reaction array was then used to describe the expression of 84 apoptosis-related genes. Using real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, the gene expressions of host factors were investigated. Additionally, the effect of crocetin in NF-kB signaling during DENV infection was studied. We did not observe any significant reduction in virus production when DENV-infected mice were treated with crocetin. However, DENV-infected mice treated with crocetin showed reduced DENV-induced apoptosis. The real-time polymerase chain reaction array revealed pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions to be significantly reduced in the crocetin-treated DENV-infected mice. We also found that crocetin could effectively modulate antioxidant status in DENV-infected mice. Moreover, crocetin demonstrated the ability to reduce the nuclear translocation of NF-kB in DENV-infected mice. Our results suggest that crocetin treatment does not inhibit DENV replication in the liver of DENV-infected mice; however, we did find that crocetin improves host responses that reduce liver injury.

scholarly journals Time course of concurrent infection with dengue virus serotypes 2 and 4 detected in urine

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Methee Sriprapun ◽  
Chalinee Laosakul ◽  
Sunisa Krajiw ◽  
Kesinee Arunyingmongkol ◽  
Padet Siriyasatien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Minor Population ◽  
Blood Specimens

Abstract Background In hyperendemic areas, concurrent multiserotype dengue virus (DENV) infections commonly occur in both humans and in mosquito vectors. Previous studies have focused on single blood specimens. Objectives To illustrate and characterize the time course of mixed infection with DENV serotypes 2 (DENV2) and 4 (DENV4) in a single case. Materials and methods Plasma, saliva, and urine were collected from a patient diagnosed with dengue hemorrhagic fever grade II and secondary DENV infection on days 7, 18, and 31 of his illness. DENV RNA detection was performed using 2 DENV-specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction protocols. Cloning and sequencing were performed to quantify the major and minor viral populations in dual-serotype-infected specimen(s). Genotypes of both DENV serotypes were characterized. Results DENV genome was detected in plasma and saliva only at the first time point (day 7 of illness), but in urine at both the first and second time points (days 7 and 18 of illness). DENV4 serotype was found in all DENV genome-positive specimens. DENV2 serotype was unexpectedly also detected in the first urine specimen. DENV4 as the major and DENV2 as the minor population. The DENV2 serotype was clustered in genotype Asian I and DENV4 serotype in genotype I. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report of concurrent multiserotype DENV infection detected solely in urine. Prospective noninvasive investigations may determine the prevalence of this phenomenon. Clinical and public health implications of this finding need to be explored.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Dengue Virus in Clinical Specimens from Bangkok, Thailand, during 2018–2020: Co-Circulation of All Four Serotypes with Multiple Genotypes and/or Clades

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Kanaporn Poltep ◽  
Juthamas Phadungsombat ◽  
Emi E. Nakayama ◽  
Nathamon Kosoltanapiwat ◽  
Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Genotype Iii ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Arboviral Disease ◽  
Dominant Genotype

Dengue is an arboviral disease highly endemic in Bangkok, Thailand. To characterize the current genetic diversity of dengue virus (DENV), we recruited patients with suspected DENV infection at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Bangkok, during 2018–2020. We determined complete nucleotide sequences of the DENV envelope region for 111 of 276 participant serum samples. All four DENV serotypes were detected, with the highest proportion being DENV-1. Although all DENV-1 sequences were genotype I, our DENV-1 sequences were divided into four distinct clades with different distributions in Asian countries. Two genotypes of DENV-2 were identified, Asian I and Cosmopolitan, which were further divided into two and three distinct clades, respectively. In DENV-3, in addition to the previously dominant genotype III, a cluster of 6 genotype I viruses only rarely reported in Thailand was also observed. All of the DENV-4 viruses belonged to genotype I, but they were separated into three distinct clades. These results indicated that all four serotypes of DENV with multiple genotypes and/or clades co-circulate in Bangkok. Continuous investigation of DENV is warranted to further determine the relationship between DENV within Thailand and neighboring countries in Southeast Asia and Asia.

scholarly journals Sensitive and Prolonged Detection of Dengue Virus RNA in Whole Blood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse J. Waggoner ◽  
Victoria Stittleburg ◽  
Muktha S. Natrajan ◽  
M. Alejandra Paniagua-Avila ◽  
Desiree Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Rna Detection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

Molecular detection of dengue virus (DENV) RNA from serum or plasma provides an accurate acute-phase diagnostic (< 7 days after symptom onset). Detection may be prolonged in whole blood, although data are limited. We tested for DENV by real-time reverse transcription–PCR in 345 paired acute-phase plasma and whole blood samples from individuals with a Flavivirus-like illness in southwestern Guatemala. In 18/18 cases with detectable DENV RNA in plasma, whole blood samples were positive and yielded similar cycle threshold values. In seven individuals with convalescent samples obtained 2–3 weeks later, DENV RNA remained detectable in whole blood but not plasma. In three additional cases, DENV RNA was only detectable in whole blood at the acute visit. In two cases, whole blood detection was linked to a virologically confirmed DENV infection 6–11 weeks earlier. Whole blood DENV RNA detection is sensitive for acute dengue infection and may remain positive for weeks to months.

scholarly journals Detection and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis A virus and norovirus in marine recreational waters of Mexico

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefina León Félix ◽  
Yuridia Cháidez Fernandez ◽  
Jesús Salvador Velarde-Félix ◽  
Benigno Valdez Torres ◽  
Cristobal Cháidez
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Viral Surveillance

An investigation was conducted to determine hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus (NV) presence in marine recreational waters (MRWs) from two Mexican tourists beaches (Altata and Mazatlan), located at the northwestern state of Sinaloa, Mexico. Also, Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) analyses were conducted between physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity and salinity) and viral organisms (HAV and NV). A total of 32 MRWs samples were collected from April to July of 2006. Samples were processed according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) adsorption-elution method. Overall, 18 MRWs samples (56.3%) were positive for HAV and NV; 4 (22.2%) were obtained from Altata and 14 (77.8%) from Mazatlan. HAV was detected in 3 MRWs samples (9.4%) and NV in 15 samples (46.8%). Phylogenetic analysis showed the presence of genotype I sub genotype B for HAV and NV genogroup II. BLR analysis showed significant correlations between NV and physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity and salinity) (p=0.017, p=0.08, p=0.048, respectively). No significant correlation between physicochemical parameters and HAV was observed. The results indicated that MRW quality of Sinaloa beaches is affected by human faecal pollution. Viral surveillance programs should be implemented to minimize health risks to bathers.

scholarly journals Detection and genetic characterization of "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemomacaque" infection among long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Thailand using broad-range nested polymerase chain reaction assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 943-948
Author(s):  
Wanat Sricharern ◽  
Supakarn Kaewchot ◽  
Sarawan Kaewmongkol ◽  
Natnaree Inthong ◽  
Thitichai Jarudecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Background and Aim: Hemoplasmas are defined as small, epicellular parasitic bacteria that can infect the red blood cells of several mammalian species. Diseases caused by these bacteria range from asymptomatic infections to acute hemolytic anemia. However, data on hemoplasmas in non-human primates in Thailand remain to be limited. Therefore, this study aims to determine the occurrence and genetic diversity of hemoplasmas among long-tailed macaques in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 339 long-tailed macaques in three provinces of Thailand. DNA was then extracted from the blood samples and tested for hemoplasma using broad-range nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on the 16S rRNA gene. PCR-positive samples were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis for species identification was conducted. Results: In total, 38 (11.2%) out of the 339 samples were found to be positive for hemoplasmas, based on the broad-range nested PCR assay of the 16S rRNA gene. The 16S rRNA sequences of Mycoplasma spp. were highly similar (98-99% identity) to "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemomacaque." Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood demonstrated that the sequences were located in the same cluster of "Ca. M. haemomacaque." Conclusion: The detection of hemoplasmas among long-tailed macaques in Thailand is reported. Genetic characterization confirmed that these hemoplasmas are closely related to "Ca. M. haemomacaque." These results indicate that long-tailed macaques in several locations in Thailand may be infected and serve as reservoirs for this parasite.

Exciting Potential of Nanoparticlized Lipidic System for Effective Treatment of Breast Cancer and Clinical Updates: A Translational Prospective

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1191-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit K. Harwansh ◽  
Shiv Bahadur ◽  
Rohitas Deshmukh ◽  
Md. A. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Traditional Drug ◽  
Present Context ◽  
Exciting Potential ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Deadly Disease ◽  
Targeted Approach ◽  
Major Health Issue

: Breast cancer (BC) is a multifactorial disease and becoming a major health issue in women throughout the globe. BC is a malignant type of cancer which results from transcriptional changes in proteins and genes. Besides the availability of modern medicines and detection tools, BC has become a topmost deadly disease and its cure still remains challenging. Nanotechnology based approaches are being employed for the diagnosis and treatment of BC at clinical stages. Nanosystems have a significant role in the study of the interaction of malignant cells with their microenvironment through receptor-based targeted approach. Nowadays, lipid-based nanocarriers are being popularized in the domain of pharmaceutical and medical biology for cancer therapy. Lipidic nanoparticlized systems (LNPs) have proven to have high loading efficiency, less toxicity, improved therapeutic efficacy, enhanced bioavailability and stability of the bioactive compounds compared to traditional drug delivery systems. In the present context, several LNPs based formulations have been undertaken in various phases of clinical trials in different countries. This review highlights the importance of chemotherapeutics based lipidic nanocarriers and their anticipated use for the treatment of BC. Furthermore, the clinical trials and future prospective of LNPs have been widely elaborated.

An experimental and theoretical approach to understand Fever, DENF & its cure

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar Vishvakarma ◽  
Ramesh Chandra ◽  
Prashant Singh
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Ns3 Protease ◽  
Prime Target

: Fever is a response of human body due to an increase the temperature against the certain stimuli. It may be associated with several reasons and one of the major causes of fever is mosquito bite. Fever due to dengue virus (DENV) infection is being paid most attention out of several other fevers because of a large number of deaths reported worldwide. Dengue virus is transmitted by biting of the mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4 are the four serotypes of dengue virus and these serotypes have 65% similarities in their genomic structure. Genome of DENV is composed of single stranded RNA and it encodes for the polyprotein. Structural and non-structural proteins (nsP) are the two major part of protese. Researchers have paid high attention on the non-structural protease (nsP) of DENV like nsP1, nsP2A, nsP2B, nsP3, nsP4A, nsP4B and nsP5. The NS2B-NS3 protease of DENV is the prime target of the researchers as it is responsible for the catalytic activity. In the present time, Dengvaxia (vaccine) is being recommended to the patients suffering severely due to DENV infection in few countries only. Till date, neither a vaccine nor an effective medicine is available to combat with all four serotypes. This review describes the fever, its causes and studies to cure the infection due to DENV using theoretical and experimental approaches.

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