scholarly journals One-Step Synthesis of CaO-ZnO Efficient Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Toledo Arana ◽  
Juan José Torres ◽  
Diego F. Acevedo ◽  
Cristian O. Illanes ◽  
Nelio A. Ochoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Hexagonal Phase ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
One Step ◽  
Subsequent Calcination ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Average Size

Biodiesel is the best candidate for fuel oil replacement, and to obtain it, heterogeneous catalysts offer large advantages: they can be separated from the product and reused. This work reviews a novel one-step synthesis of CaO-ZnO catalytic particles suitable for biodiesel production. The catalyst is synthesized using an original simple method that involves mixing of ZnO with CaCO3 and subsequent calcination. The CaO-ZnO microparticles obtained present an average size of 2 μm. This material shows the characteristic crystallographic cubic structure of CaO and the hexagonal phase of ZnO. The temperature-programmed reduction experiment evidences an interaction between CaO and ZnO. Moreover, the infrared spectroscopy shows typical bands of these compounds. The catalyst shows high biodiesel yield, up to 73% in the first cycle and 64% in the second one. In this work, the synthesis of an efficient CaO-ZnO catalyst with a huge potential is revealed, which could be an economic alternative to produce biodiesel.

Synthesis and application of carbon based heterogeneous catalysts for ultrasound assisted biodiesel production

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrata D. Gaikwad ◽  
Parag R. Gogate
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Temperature Programmed Desorption ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Carbon Based

AbstractIn the present work, carbon based heterogeneous acid catalysts have been prepared using various synthesis approaches based on the use of sustainable starting materials. The properties of the catalysts have been investigated using Fourier transformed infra-red (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), temperature-programmed desorption (NH

Synthesis of Hollow ß-Phase GeO2 in Microemulsion

2013 ◽  
Vol 669 ◽  
pp. 360-365
Author(s):  
Xu Zou ◽  
Bing Bing Liu ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Dong Mei Li ◽  
Quan Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Hollow Structure ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Hollow Interior ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
One Step ◽  
Average Size ◽  
20 Nm

We fabricated mono-dispersed hollow waxberry shaped ß-quartz GeO2by a facile one-step synthesis in emulsion at room temperature. TEM images indicated that hollow waxberry shaped GeO2were consisted of nano-sphere whose average size were estimated to be 20 nm. The growth mechanism and optical properties of the products were also investigated. The possible formation mechanism of the hollow interior is proposed as the Ostwald ripening. The optical properties of the ß-GeO2nanoparticles with hollow shapes were also studied with photoluminescence spectrum, which reveals a broad emission, suggesting potential applications in electronic and optoelectronic nanodevices. These attractive results provide us a new simple method further used to fabricate other specific hollow structure and indicate hollow waxberry shaped GeO2may have potential applications in light-emitting nanodevices.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Sterculia foetida Oil by Using Solid Support Catalyst

2016 ◽  
Vol 855 ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
Anusorn Vorasingha
Keyword(s):  
Solid Material ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Present Procedure ◽  
Reaction Ratio ◽  
One Step ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Brown Powder

In the present work, the properties of bioester from Samrong oil (Sterculia Foetida) and characteristics of cellulose solid catalyst are described. Heterogeneous catalyst was prepared via carbonization, sulfonation and purification giving solid catalyst as brown powder. Control parameters were time and temperature of carbonization and sulfonation reaction, ratio of sulfuric acid to solid material and weight of solid material. The optimized carbonization condition was 300 °C for 15 h. The sulfonation temperature was 150 oC for 18 h under N2 producing 7.99 mmol/g of acid concentration on solid catalyst. The acidity in water of solid catalyst after purification and drying was decreasing. The results of biodiesel production showed that the triglyceride could be converted to biodiesel directly by one-step sulfonic acid catalyzed process. The experimental condition of reaction process was 3.0 M of catalyst concentration with 9:1 M ratio of methanol to triglyceride at the temperature of 80 °C. This catalysts provided high reactivity of transesterification. The present procedure represents a simple method for biodiesel production with a short reaction time and with moderate conversion rate.

scholarly journals A Review on the Efficient Catalysts for Algae Transesterification to Biodiesel

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10479
Author(s):  
Elena Ghedini ◽  
Somayeh Taghavi ◽  
Federica Menegazzo ◽  
Michela Signoretto
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Side Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Mass Transfer Limitation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

The depletion of fossil fuel resources and increasing environmental pollution led to a trend for using alternative, clean, green, and sustainable fuel and energy resources. To attain this aim, using biomass as an alternative resource for diesel production has been a hotspot among researchers. Biodiesel has several advantages, such as being lower toxic and more renewable, and eco-friendlier than diesel from fossil fuel resources. Several edible and non-edible bio-sources were used for the production of biodiesel from the transesterification process. Algal oil as a non-edible source is considered an abundant, low cost and green substrate for biodiesel production. Various factors such as reaction conditions and the type of catalyst affect the biodiesel production process. Different catalytic systems such as basic and acidic homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts and biocatalysts were introduced for the process in the literature, and each proposed catalyst has its own advantages and disadvantages. For instance, in spite of the lower cost and better mass transfer of base and acid homogeneous catalysts, reaction system corrosion, non-reusability, and soap formation are serious challenges of these catalysts at an industrial scale. On the other hand, acid and base heterogenous catalysts overcame the issues of corrosion and recovery, but some matters such as mass transfer limitation, high cost, and weak performance in catalyzing both esterification of FFAs and transesterification of lipids must be taken into account. In addition, bio-catalysis as a high-cost process led to a purer product formation with less side reaction. Therefore, several significant factors should be considered for transesterification catalysts such as availability, cost, reusability, stability, mass transfer, and the possibility to manage both the transesterification of triglycerides and the esterification of FFAs, selecting a catalyst with predominant pros is viable. Here, a review of the biodiesel production from algal biomass focusing on the efficient catalyst of the process is presented.

One-step green synthesis of a ruthenium/graphene composite as a highly efficient catalyst

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 7679-7686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Wenbin Hu ◽  
Hongqi Li ◽  
Min Ji ◽  
Changzhi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Graphene Composite ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
One Step ◽  
Average Size

Ruthenium particles with an average size of 3.17 nm are uniformly anchored on supercritical water-reduced graphene oxide (WRG).

An Overview of Metal-organic Frameworks-based Acid/Base Catalysts for Biofuel Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 1876-1891
Author(s):  
Qiuyun Zhang ◽  
Yutao Zhang ◽  
Jingsong Cheng ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Peihua Ma
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Flexible Structures ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Biofuel synthesis is of great significance for producing alternative fuels. Among the developed catalytic materials, the metal-organic framework-based hybrids used as acidic, basic, or supported catalysts play major roles in the biodiesel production. This paper presents a timely and comprehensive review of recent developments on the design and preparation of metal-organic frameworks-based catalysts used for biodiesel synthesis from various oil feedstocks, including MILs-based catalysts, ZIFs-based catalysts, UiO-based catalysts, Cu-BTC-based catalysts, and MOFs-derived porous catalysts. Due to their unique and flexible structures, excellent thermal and hydrothermal stability, and tunable host-guest interactions, as compared with other heterogeneous catalysts, metal-organic framework-based catalysts have good opportunities for application in the production of biodiesel at industrial scale.

One step non-hydrodesulfurization of fuel oil: Catalyzed oxidation adsorption desulfurization over HPWA-SBA-15

2007 ◽  
Vol 262 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 114-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Yang ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Xingdong Yuan ◽  
Jian Shen ◽  
Yutai Qi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Adsorption Desulfurization ◽  
One Step ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production on Monometallic Pt, Pd, Ru, and Ag Catalysts Supported on Natural Zeolite

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Pawel Mierczynski ◽  
Magdalena Mosińska ◽  
Lukasz Szkudlarek ◽  
Karolina Chalupka ◽  
Misa Tatsuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Temperature Programmed

Biodiesel production from rapeseed oil and methanol via transesterification reaction facilitated by various monometallic catalyst supported on natural zeolite (NZ) was investigated. The physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized catalysts were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method (BET), temperature-programmed-reduction in hydrogen (H2-TPR), temperature-programmed-desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with EDX detector (SEM-EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods. The highest activity and methyl ester yields were obtained for the Pt/NZ catalyst. This catalyst showed the highest triglycerides conversion of 98.9% and fatty acids methyl esters yields of 94.6%. The activity results also confirmed the high activity of the carrier material (NZ) itself in the investigated reaction. Support material exhibited 90.5% of TG conversion and the Fatty Acid Methyl Esters yield (FAME) of 67.2%. Introduction of noble metals improves the TG conversion and FAME yield values. Increasing of the metal loading from 0.5 to 2 wt.% improves the reactivity properties of the investigated catalysts.

scholarly journals Anion-Regulated Synthesis of ZnO 1D Necklace-Like Nanostructures with High Photocatalytic Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Qin ◽  
Dongdong Shi ◽  
Bowen Guo ◽  
Cuicui Fu ◽  
Jin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽  
High Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Photocatalytic Ability ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Subsequent Calcination ◽  
Grain Surface ◽  
Hexagonal Nanoplates

Abstract One-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials with specific architectures have received increasing attention for both scientific and technological interests for their applications in catalysis, sensing, and energy conversion, etc. However, the development of an operable and simple method for the fabrication of 1D nanostructures remains a challenge. In this work, we developed an “anion-regulated morphology” strategy, in which anions could regulate the dimensionally-restricted anisotropic growth of ZnO nanomaterials by adjusting the surface energy of different growth facets. ZnO 1D necklace-like nanostructures (NNS) could be prepared through a hydrothermal treatment of zinc acetate and urea mixture together with a subsequent calcination procedure at 400 °C. While replacing the acetate ions to nitrate, sulfate, and chlorion ions produced ZnO nanoflowers, nanosheets and hexagonal nanoplates, respectively. Density functional theory calculations were carried out to explain the mechanism behind the anions-regulating anisotropic crystal growth. The specified ZnO 1D NNS offered improved electron transport while the grain surface could supply enlarged specific surface area, thus providing advanced photocatalytic ability in the following photodegradation of methyl orange (MO). Among the four photocatalysts with different morphologies, ZnO 1D NNS, possessing the highest catalytic activity, degraded 57.29% MO in the photocatalytic reaction, which was 2 times, 10 times and 17 times higher than nanoflowers, nanosheets and hexagonal nanoplates, respectively. Our work provides new ideas for the construction and application of ZnO 1D nanomaterials.

scholarly journals Tungsten Oxide-Modified SSZ-13 Zeolite as an Efficient Catalyst for Ethylene-To-Propylene Reaction

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Mansurbek Urol ugli Abdullaev ◽  
Sungjune Lee ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Chul-Ung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Propylene Selectivity ◽  
Temperature Programmed

Among the zeolitic catalysts for the ethylene-to-propylene (ETP) reaction, the SSZ-13 zeolite shows the highest catalytic activity based on both its suitable pore architecture and tunable acidity. In this study, in order to improve the propylene selectivity further, the surface of the SSZ-13 zeolite was modified with various amounts of tungsten oxide ranging from 1 wt% to 15 wt% via a simple incipient wetness impregnation method. The prepared catalysts were characterized with several analysis techniques, specifically, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Raman spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H2-TPR), temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and N2 sorption, and their catalytic activities were investigated in a fixed-bed reactor system. The tungsten oxide-modified SSZ-13 catalysts demonstrated significantly improved propylene selectivity and yield compared to the parent H-SSZ-13 catalyst. For the tungsten oxide loading, 10 wt% loading showed the highest propylene yield of 64.9 wt%, which was 6.5 wt% higher than the pristine H-SSZ-13 catalyst. This can be related to not only the milder and decreased strong acid sites but also the diffusion restriction of bulky byproducts, as supported by scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) observation.

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