scholarly journals Evolution Model of Seepage Characteristics in the Process of Water Inrush in Faults

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianli Shao ◽  
Fei Zhou ◽  
Wenbin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Inrush ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Initial Permeability ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Evolution Model ◽  
Particle Migration ◽  
Evolution Process ◽  
Seepage Characteristics

Although the mechanism and influence of fault water inrush have been widely studied, there are still few studies on the migration of filling particles and the evolution process of seepage characteristics within faults. In this work, the coupling effects of water flow, particle migration, and permeability evolution are considered synthetically, and the evolution model of seepage characteristics with multifield coupling is established. This model was used to investigate the evolution process of water inrush within faults and the effects of water pressure, initial effective porosity, and initial permeability on water flow rate. The results show that the evolution of seepage characteristics can be divided into three phases: (i) low velocity seepage, (ii) drastic changes with substantial particle migration, and (iii) steady-state water flow. The multifield coupling causes the effective porosity, permeability, flow velocity, and particle concentration to accelerate each other during the dramatic phase. Moreover, the increases in initial water pressure, initial porosity, and initial permeability have different degrees of promotion on the water flow rate. Finally, the simulation results are approximately the same as the data of water inrush in the mining area, which verifies the correctness of the evolution model established in this work. This work provides new approaches to the evolution process and prevention of water inrush in faults.

scholarly journals Water Discharge Management Based on Open and Closed Cylinders in the Gravitation Water Vortex Power Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasan Basri ◽  
Ainun Nasuki
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Discharge Measurement ◽  
Closed Basin ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Discharge Management

A Gravitation Water Vortex Power Plant (GWVPP) tool has been made to determine how much water flow is needed to generate electricity. This research was conducted by changing the flow rate and water pressure to determine the effect on the performance of a vortex power plant, and in previous studies, no one has made changes to the discharge and water pressure. The type of basin position used in this study is an open basin position and a closed basin position. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of each type of blade used, a study was carried out using the type of turbine blade model L by changing the water flow rate and water pressure at a predetermined position to determine the effect of water discharge and pressure on the turbine rotational speed. From the results of testing the water discharge measurement in a closed basin which is carried out on the addition of each flow of water discharge at the angle of the faucet 0o to 90o with a volume (V) 98 L and time (t) 1.11 minutes to 2.5 minutes, it can be seen that the average discharge value (Q) the resulting 81.08 l / s. and from the results of testing the water discharge measurement in the open basin which is carried out to the addition of each flow of water discharge at the angle of the faucet 0o to 90o with a volume (V) 98 L and time (t) 1.28 minutes to 4.1 minutes it can be seen that the average discharge value (Q ) resulting in 65.21 l / s.

scholarly journals SMART WATER NETWORK MONITORING: A CASE STUDY AT UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

2022 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W3-2021 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
N. A. A. Abdul Aziz ◽  
T. A. Musa ◽  
I. A. Musliman ◽  
A. H. Omar ◽  
W. A. Wan Aris
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Water Monitoring ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Smart Water ◽  
Cloud Computing Service ◽  
Water Measurement ◽  
Water Uses

Abstract. Water uses need to be measured, which is critical for evaluating water stress. The Industry 4.0 via the Internet of Things (IoT) and usage of water measurement sensor can provide real-time information on the water flow rate and water pressure, that is crucial for water monitoring and analysis. There is a need for online smart water monitoring that gives out more efficient and sustainable water uses at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) campus. A prototype of an online smart water monitoring for UTM, which was developed based on the integration of IoT and Geographical Information System (GIS), consist of four layers; (1) physical layer; (2) network layer; (3) processing layer and, (4) application layer. The findings show that when the water flow increases, the water pressure decreases. When there is no water flow, the lowest value is 52.214 Psi, and the highest value is 60.916 Psi. The latest technology integrating the IoT-GIS for smart water monitoring has shown a very efficient way of providing real-time water parameters information, cost and time effective, and allowing for continuous water consumption analysis via the cloud computing service.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Failure Mechanism of Tunnel Surrounding Rock under Different Groundwater Seepage Paths

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Yingchao Wang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yongliang Li ◽  
Wen Jiang ◽  
Yueming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Surrounding Rock ◽  
Tunnel Engineering ◽  
Measuring Point ◽  
Groundwater Seepage

The influence of groundwater on tunnel engineering is very complicated. Due to the complexity of water flow water pressure transfer and uncertain defects in the stratum, all of which are key factors with regard to the design of tunnel engineering. Therefore, the variation of surrounding rock during excavation and the deformation and failure of soft surrounding rock under different seepage paths of underground water after excavation systematically. Experimental results showed that the stress change of surrounding rock caused by tunnel excavation can be divided into 3 stages: stress redistribution, stress adjustment, and stress rebalancing. In the process of water pressure loading, water flow rate is closely related to the experimental phenomenon. The between stable loading water pressure pore water pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock and the distance from the measuring point to the edge of the tunnel obey the exponential function of the decreasing growth gradient. With the increase of loading pressure, the pore water pressure and stress at the top of the tunnel increase, and the coupling of stress field and seepage field on both sides of surrounding rock more and more intense. The failure process of the tunnel can be divided into 6 stages according to the damage degree. The final failure pattern of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is mainly determined by the disturbed area of excavation. The arched failure area and the collapse-through failure area are composed of three regions. The surrounding rock is characterized by a dynamic pressure arch in the process of seepage failure, but it is more prone to collapse failure at low water pressure. The results of this study are the progressive failure mechanism of tunnel under different groundwater seepage paths and would be of great significance to the prevention of long-range disasters.

scholarly journals Predicting Erosion-Induced Water Inrush of Karst Collapse Pillars Using Inverse Velocity Theory

Geofluids ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banghua Yao ◽  
Zhongwei Chen ◽  
Jianping Wei ◽  
Tianhang Bai ◽  
Shumin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Inrush ◽  
Karst Collapse ◽  
Power Relationship ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Fracture Geometry ◽  
Rock Heterogeneity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inverse Velocity

Although the impact of Karst Collapse Pillars (KCPs) on water inrush has been widely recognized and studied, few have investigated the fluid-solid interaction, the particles migration inside KCPs, and the evolution feature of water inrush channels. Moreover, an effective approach to reliably predict the water inrush time has yet to be developed. In this work, a suite of fully coupled governing equations considering the processes of water flow, fracture erosion, and the change of rock permeability due to erosion were presented. The inverse velocity theory was then introduced to predict the water inrush time under different geological and flow conditions. The impact of four different controlling factors on the fracture geometry change, water flow, and inrush time was discussed in detail. The results showed that the inverse velocity theory was capable of predicting the occurrences of water inrush under different conditions, and the time of water inrush had a power relationship with the rock heterogeneity, water pressure, and initial particle concentration and an exponential relationship with the initial fracture apertures. The general approach developed in this work can be extended to other engineering applications such as the tunneling and tailing dam erosion.

Flow Erosion Resistance of Concrete - Interaction of High-Speed Water Jet and Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Lenka Bodnárová ◽  
Rudolf Hela ◽  
Libor Sitek ◽  
Petr Hlaváček ◽  
Josef Foldyna
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Polypropylene Fibres ◽  
Steel Fibres ◽  
Erosive Effect

In the paper, the resistance of concrete to the erosive effect of water from a water jet was monitored. The tests were performed on concrete without the addition of fibres and on concrete with the addition of polypropylene fibres and steel fibres. The water flow hit the concrete surface at an angle of 90°. The water flow rate was 1.1 l/min and the water pressure was 80 MPa. After blasting the concrete with water jet, no cracks in the concrete were observed and the intended rugged surface relief was created. Steel fibres remained firmly anchored into the cement matrix.

scholarly journals Water Inrush from Pregrouting Fractures Induced by Mining Activities and Its Engineering Control Method Optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jianbo Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Inrush ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Radial Strain ◽  
Propagation Mechanism ◽  
Floor Rock ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Strata Deformation ◽  
Rock Strata

Water inrush accidents during coal mining still occur after reinforcement of fissured water bearing strata underlying coal seams through grouting, which seriously troubles field technicians. In order to further prevent the water inrush, especially the water inrush after grouting reinforcement, the grouting technique needs to be improved. Experimental design, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation have been carried out in sequence. On the microscale level, the relationship between strains and water flow rate was analyzed through laboratory experiments; on the macroscale level, the propagation mechanism of grouting cracks resulting from the rock strata deformation during coal production was analyzed with rock beam theory, and then a new model of casing pipes preventing water inrush by controlling deformation of the floor rock strata is proposed. The laboratory test results show that the response of the radial strain and the water flow rate to mining operation is consistent and positively correlated and verify that it is feasible to reduce water inrush disaster by controlling deformation of the rock strata. The deformation governing equation of the casing pipes is deduced theoretically. At last, the numerical calculation was done to prove the effectiveness of controlling the floor rock strata deformation by the casing pipe group, which indicated that the displacement of the monitoring points after grouting is smaller than that before grouting practice. It is practicable to realize grouting technique optimization by the innovative adoption of the grouting casing pipes in the future.

An Innovation Simulation Method for Flow State Evolution Laws of Water Inflow and Inrush in Course of Tunnel Excavation (Part II: Applications)

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 1104-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Hao Xu ◽  
Shu Cai Li ◽  
Li Ping Li ◽  
Shao Shuai Shi
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Inrush ◽  
Water Inflow ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Flow State ◽  
Tunnel Excavation ◽  
State Evolution ◽  
Evolution Laws ◽  
Karst Conduit

In order to avoid heavy casualties and economic losses, and to get an insight into flow state evolution laws of water inflow and inrush in course of tunnel excavation, simulations were done with COMSOL Multiphysics. By coupling and linking different kinds of sub domain governing equations with boundary conditions and possibly initial conditions, three kinds of water flow state, Darcy’s law for water flow in the limestone aquifer, Brinkman equations for fast fluid in the karst conduit; and incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for freely moving of water in the excavated tunnel, are interacted and coupled with each other. Water pressure and velocity were studied and analyzed in course of tunnel excavation. It is proved that there will be no disastrous water inrush when the seepage deformation of the karst conduit is small, and that it is of vital importance to protect and support the clastic medium of karst conduit, and to strictly guard against any change of the permeability of the karst fillings.

scholarly journals Study on fracture and seepage characteristics of rock mass with high water pressure caused by unloading

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01055
Author(s):  
Ma Zhi-Tao ◽  
Cui Yong-Qiang ◽  
Yang Ya-Chao ◽  
Song Dai-Fu
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Inrush ◽  
High Stress ◽  
High Water ◽  
Deep Mine ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Seepage Characteristics ◽  
High Water Pressure

Research on the damage and seepage characteristics of unloading rock with high water pressure can help to further understand the mechanism of water inrush in deep mine and to take effective measures to prevent water inrush. In this paper, the finite element software RFPA2D-Flow was used to study the failure and seepage characteristics of unloading rock coupled with high water pressure and high stress. The effects of different water pressure on the failure of unloading rock and the law of seepage were investigated. The results show that the form of unloading rock failure without water pressure is brittle; however, the failure form of unloading rock with water pressure is obviously ductile failure, and the fracture is mainly concentrated at the bottom of the rock sample with high water pressure. During unloading, the seepage coefficient of rock increased with the increase of unloading amount until sudden jump occurs, and the failure form and permeability law of the rock with different water pressure were basically the same, but the larger the water pressure difference, the smaller the effective unloading capacity is needed when the permeability coefficient suddenly jumps, this shows that the larger the water pressure difference is, the more likely the rock mass will be damaged by water inrush under unloading condition.

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