scholarly journals Comparative Pharmacokinetic Studies of Four Ginsenosides in Rat Plasma by UPLC-MS/MS after Oral Administration of Panax quinquefolius-Acorus gramineus and Panax quinquefolius Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hailong Xie ◽  
Dongxue Wang ◽  
Wenjun Zhang ◽  
Xinjia Yan ◽  
Ying Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Panax Quinquefolius ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Acorus Gramineus

Panax quinquefolius (PQ) and Acorus gramineus (AG) are drug target pairs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which are used to treat age-related diseases. In the present study, we simultaneously determined the contents of four main bioactive ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rd, and Re) in rat plasma using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method. Plasma specimens were purified by using the solid-phase extraction procedure, and separation was performed on Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and negative electrospray ionization (ESI) mode. The established UPLC-MS/MS method showed good linear correlation (r ≥ 0.9978), stability (−11.93 to 12.11%), precision (RSD < 14.63%), and recovery (76.43%–95.20%). The lower limit of quantification was 3.6 ng/mL for Rb1, 1.6 ng/mL for Rb2, 1.2 ng/mL for Rd, and 2.5 ng/mL for Re. This validated method was successfully employed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of the four ginsenosides in rat plasma after oral administration of PQ-AG and PQ extracts. The results revealed the pharmacokinetic profiles of PQ-AG drug pair and clarified that AG played a critical role in stimulating the absorption of active ginsenosides in PQ. Collectively, our findings provided valid and reliable evidence for the rational use of PQ-AG in clinical practice.

scholarly journals An LC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Determination of the Toxic and Active Components of Cortex Periplocae in Rat Plasma and Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Jia Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Simple Liquid ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

A sensitive and simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to simultaneously determine the toxic and other active components including isovanillin, scopoletin, periplocin, periplogenin, and periplocymarin after oral administration of cortex periplocae extract to rats. Plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation with methanol. All compounds were separated on a C18 column with gradient elution using acetonitrile and formic acid aqueous solution (0.1%, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The detection of all compounds was accomplished by multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) in the positive electrospray ionization mode. The LC-MS/MS method exhibited good linearity for five analytes. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.48 ng/mL for scopoletin, periplogenin, and periplocymarin; 2.4 ng/mL for isovanillin and periplocin. The extraction recoveries of all compounds were more than 90% and the RSDs were below 10%. It was found that the absorption of scopoletin and periplocin was rapid in vivo after oral administration of cortex periplocae extract. Furthermore, periplocymarin possessed abundant plasma exposure. The results demonstrated that the validated method was efficiently applied for the pharmacokinetic studies of isovanillin, scopoletin, periplocin, periplogenin, and periplocymarin after oral administration of cortex periplocae extract.

Simultaneous Determination of Three Coumarins in Rat Plasma by HPLC-MS/MS for Pharmacokinetic Studies Following Oral Administration of Chimonanthi Radix Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 922-928
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Quan Wen ◽  
Meng-ying Zhou ◽  
Chen-cong Zhong ◽  
Yulin Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring Mode

Abstract Chimonanthi Radix (CR) is widely used in the treatment of influenza in China. Extensive studies revealed that the major bioactive constituents of CR were coumarins. However, pharmacokinetic study of coumarins in CR has not been fully studied. The purpose of this study was to establish a convenient and effective high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method that was used to simultaneously determine scopoletin, scopolin and isofraxidin in rat plasma after oral administration of CR extract using xanthotoxin as the internal standard. The chromatographic separation was carried out on a COSMOCORE C18 column (100 × 2 mm, 2.6 μm), using gradient elution with the mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid (A) and acetonitrile (B). Three coumarins and IS were quantified by positive ion electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was fully validated in terms of specificity, accuracy, precision (intra- and inter-day), matrix effect, recovery as well as the stability of the analytes under various conditions. The results could provide further research foundation for anti-influenza mechanism of three coumarins in CR.

scholarly journals GC-MS Method for Quantification and Pharmacokinetic Study of Four Volatile Compounds in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration of Commiphora myrrh (Nees) Engl. Resin and In Vitro Cytotoxic Evaluation

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Ali S. Alqahtani ◽  
Rashed N. Herqash ◽  
Faleh Alqahtani ◽  
Syed Rizwan Ahamad ◽  
Fahd A. Nasr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Lovo Cell ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Ic50 Values

A rapid, simple, and sensitive gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method was established and validated for simultaneous determination of four volatile compounds, namely curzerene, methoxyfuranodiene, β-elemene, and α-pinene in rat plasma samples after oral administration of the resin extract of Commiphora myrrh using limonene as an internal standard (IS). Liquid-liquid extraction using hexane and ethyl acetate (1:1) mixture as an extracting agent was used for the samples extraction procedure. The GC–MS system was operated under selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode using Perkin Elmer Elite 5MS column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 µm film thickness). Specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, extraction recovery, and stability were used to validate the developed method. The assay showed good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.998), and the lowest limits of quantification (LLOQ) were 3.97–21.38 ng/mL for the four analytes. This assay was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of the four volatile compounds in rat plasma. The antiproliferative activity of these volatile compounds was evaluated against lung carcinoma (A549) and colon (LoVo) cell lines, were each compound caused variable inhibition on cells proliferation and methoxyfuranodiene exerted the strong antiproliferative activity against both cell line according to IC50 values.

Oral Administration of (S)-Allyl-l-Cysteine and Aged Garlic Extract to Rats: Determination of Metabolites and Their Pharmacokinetics

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (17) ◽  
pp. 1351-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taehoon Park ◽  
Ju-Hee Oh ◽  
Joo Hyun Lee ◽  
Sang Park ◽  
Young Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Aged Garlic Extract ◽  
Cysteine Sulfoxide ◽  
Aged Garlic

Abstract(S)-Allyl-l-cysteine is the major bioactive compound in garlic. (S)-Allyl-l-cysteine is metabolized to (S)-allyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide, N-acetyl-(S)-allyl-l-cysteine, and N-acetyl-(S)-allyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide after oral administration. An accurate LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of (S)-allyl-l-cysteine and its metabolites in rat plasma, and the feasibility of using it in pharmacokinetic studies was tested. The analytes were quantified by multiple reaction monitoring using an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer. Because significant quantitative interference was observed between (S)-allyl-l-cysteine and N-acetyl-(S)-allyl-l-cysteine as a result of the decomposition of N-acetyl-(S)-allyl-l-cysteine at the detector source, chromatographic separation was required to discriminate (S)-allyl-l-cysteine and its metabolites on a reversed-phase C18 analytical column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. The calibration curves of (S)-allyl-l-cysteine, (S)-allyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide, N-acetyl-(S)-allyl-l-cysteine, and N-acetyl-(S)-allyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide were linear over each concentration range, and the lower limits of quantification were 0.1 µg/mL [(S)-allyl-l-cysteine and N-acetyl-(S)-allyl-l-cysteine] and 0.25 µg/mL [(S)-allyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide and N-acetyl-(S)-allyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide]. Acceptable intraday and inter-day precisions and accuracies were obtained at three concentration levels. The method satisfied the regulatory requirements for matrix effects, recovery, and stability. The validated LC-MS/MS method was successfully used to determine the concentration of (S)-allyl-l-cysteine and its metabolites in rat plasma samples after the administration of (S)-allyl-l-cysteine or aged garlic extract.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of Eight Flavonoids in Rats Assayed by UPLC-MS/MS after Oral Administration of Drynariae rhizoma Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan-Ling Xu ◽  
Ming-Yue Xu ◽  
Hai-Tao Wang ◽  
Qing-Xuan Xu ◽  
Ming-Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Osteoporosis Treatment ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Extraction Column ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Acquity Uplc ◽  
Positive Ion

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Drynariae rhizoma (Kunze ex Mett.) J. Sm. has been used to treat osteoporosis and bone resorption for 2500 years. Based on the previous study and literature references, flavonoids were proved to be the most abundant and main active compounds of Drynariae rhizoma for osteoporosis treatment. In order to make good and rational use of Drynariae rhizoma in future, a rapid, sensitive, and selective ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of eight main flavonoids in rat plasma after oral administration of the Drynariae rhizoma extract, including neoeriocitrin, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, astragalin, naringin, eriodictyol, luteolin, naringenin, and kaempferol. Plasma samples’ pretreatment involved a solid-phase extraction column. The separation was performed on an ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18 column with a gradient mobile-phase system of acetonitrile and 1% acetic acid in water. The detection was performed using a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization interface (ESI) by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in the positive ion mode. All calibration curves exhibited good linearity (r2 > 0.9990) over the measured ranges. The intraday and interday precisions (RSD) were within 13.87%, and the accuracy (RE) ranged from −14.57% to −0.25% at three quality control levels. Extraction recovery, matrix effect, and stability were satisfactory. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of the eight flavonoids of interest were clearly elucidated.

HPLC method for the determination and pharmacokinetic studies of four triterpenoids in rat plasma after oral administration ofGanoderma lucidum extract

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
Rongxia Liu ◽  
Jianghao Sun ◽  
Shuhong Guan ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies

scholarly journals Development of a HPLC-MS/MS Method to Determine 11 Bioactive Compounds in Tongmai Yangxin Pill and Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayuan Shen ◽  
Juan Wei ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Huizi Ouyang ◽  
Yanxu Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Mobile Phases ◽  
Negative Ionization

A sensitive and reliable HPLC-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of eleven bioactive compounds (rhein, emodin, stilbene glycoside, liquiritin, ononin, verbascoside, gallic acid, schisandrin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid, and isoliquiritigenin) in rat plasma after oral administration of Tongmai Yangxin Pill. The collected plasma samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate after acidification. Eleven compounds were separated on a CORTECS™ C18 column with mobile phases consisting of 0.1% formic acid in deionized water and acetonitrile. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min. The detection was performed on a tandem mass system with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source in both positive and negative ionization using multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 8-2000 ng/mL for glycyrrhizic acid; 4-1000 ng/mL for liquiritin; 0.8-200 ng/mL for emodin, gallic acid, ononin, schisandrin, and stilbene glycoside; 0.4-100 ng/mL for isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, rhein, and verbascoside, respectively. The intra- and interday precision of the analytes were less than 9.3% and 8.5%. The intra- and interday accuracy were in the range of -14.0% to 10.3% and -6.5% to 9.6%. Meanwhile, the extraction recovery of the analytes in plasma samples ranged from 85.2% to 109.1% and matrix effect from 89.2% to 113.4%. The developed method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics of eleven bioactive compounds in rat plasma after oral administration of Tongmai Yangxin Pill prescription.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination and Pharmacokinetic Characterization of Glycyrrhizin, Isoliquiritigenin, Liquiritigenin, and Liquiritin in Rat Plasma Following Oral Administration of Glycyrrhizae Radix Extract

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Jin Han ◽  
Bitna Kang ◽  
Eun-Ju Yang ◽  
Min-Koo Choi ◽  
Im-Sook Song
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Elution Time ◽  
Glycyrrhizae Radix ◽  
Single Oral Administration ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Glycyrrhizae Radix is widely used as herbal medicine and is effective against inflammation, various cancers, and digestive disorders. We aimed to develop a sensitive and simultaneous analytical method for detecting glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, and liquiritin, the four marker components of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract (GRE), in rat plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and to apply this analytical method to pharmacokinetic studies. Retention times for glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, and liquiritin were 7.8 min, 4.1 min, 3.1 min, and 2.0 min, respectively, suggesting that the four analytes were well separated without any interfering peaks around the peak elution time. The lower limit of quantitation was 2 ng/mL for glycyrrhizin and 0.2 ng/mL for isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, and liquiritin; the inter- and intra-day accuracy, precision, and stability were less than 15%. Plasma concentrations of glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, and liquiritin were quantified for 24 h after a single oral administration of 1 g/kg GRE to four rats. Among the four components, plasma concentration of glycyrrhizin was the highest and exhibited a long half-life (23.1 ± 15.5 h). Interestingly, plasma concentrations of isoliquiritigenin and liquiritigenin were restored to the initial concentration at 4–10 h after the GRE administration, as evidenced by liquiritin biotransformation into isoliquiritigenin and liquiritigenin, catalyzed by fecal lysate and gut wall enzymes. In conclusion, our analytical method developed for detecting glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, and liquiritin could be successfully applied to investigate their pharmacokinetic properties in rats and would be useful for conducting further studies on the efficacy, toxicity, and biopharmaceutics of GREs and their marker components.

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