scholarly journals Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) Induces VEGF Expression and Production in Rat Odontoblastic Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Kuramoto ◽  
Kouji Hirao ◽  
Hiromichi Yumoto ◽  
Yuki Hosokawa ◽  
Tadashi Nakanishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Normal Medium ◽  
Reparative Dentin ◽  
Pulp Inflammation

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), the main component of propolis, has various biological activities including anti-inflammatory effect and wound healing promotion. Odontoblasts located in the outermost layer of dental pulp play crucial roles such as production of growth factors and formation of hard tissue termed reparative dentin in host defense against dental caries. In this study, we investigated the effects of CAPE on the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and calcification activities of odontoblasts, leading to development of novel therapy for dental pulp inflammation caused by dental caries. CAPE significantly induced mRNA expression and production of VEGF in rat clonal odontoblast-like KN-3 cells cultured in normal medium or osteogenic induction medium. CAPE treatment enhanced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor activation, and furthermore, the specific inhibitor of NF-κB significantly reduced VEGF production. The expression of VEGF receptor- (VEGFR-) 2, not VEGFR-1, was up regulated in KN-3 cells treated with CAPE. In addition, VEGF significantly increased mineralization activity in KN-3 cells. These findings suggest that CAPE might be useful as a novel biological material for the dental pulp conservative therapy.

scholarly journals Dental Pulp Defence and Repair Mechanisms in Dental Caries

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Christophe Farges ◽  
Brigitte Alliot-Licht ◽  
Emmanuelle Renard ◽  
Maxime Ducret ◽  
Alexis Gaudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Barrier Formation ◽  
Reparative Dentin ◽  
Pulp Inflammation

Dental caries is a chronic infectious disease resulting from the penetration of oral bacteria into the enamel and dentin. Microorganisms subsequently trigger inflammatory responses in the dental pulp. These events can lead to pulp healing if the infection is not too severe following the removal of diseased enamel and dentin tissues and clinical restoration of the tooth. However, chronic inflammation often persists in the pulp despite treatment, inducing permanent loss of normal tissue and reducing innate repair capacities. For complete tooth healing the formation of a reactionary/reparative dentin barrier to distance and protect the pulp from infectious agents and restorative materials is required. Clinical andin vitroexperimental data clearly indicate that dentin barrier formation only occurs when pulp inflammation and infection are minimised, thus enabling reestablishment of tissue homeostasis and health. Therefore, promoting the resolution of pulp inflammation may provide a valuable therapeutic opportunity to ensure the sustainability of dental treatments. This paper focusses on key cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in pulp responses to bacteria and in the pulpal transition between caries-induced inflammation and dentinogenic-based repair. We report, using selected examples, different strategies potentially used by odontoblasts and specialized immune cells to combat dentin-invading bacteriain vivo.

scholarly journals Melatonin as an Agent for Direct Pulp-Capping Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Guerrero-Gironés ◽  
Antonia Alcaina-Lorente ◽  
Clara Ortiz-Ruiz ◽  
Eduardo Ortiz-Ruiz ◽  
María P. Pecci-Lloret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Direct Pulp Capping ◽  
Pulp Capping ◽  
Reparative Dentin ◽  
Pulp Inflammation

Melatonin plays an essential role in the regulation of bone growth. The actions that melatonin exerts on odontoblasts may be similar to its action on osteoblasts. This research aimed to evaluate the pulp response to melatonin used for direct pulp capping to evaluate the antioxidant effect of melatonin administered orally and its influence on dental pulp. Direct pulp capping was performed on the upper molars of Sprague Dawley rats using melatonin or Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). The study groups were: MTA; Melatonin; MTA + Melatonin administered orally; and Melatonin + Melatonin administered orally. In the latter two groups, the animals drank water dosed with melatonin ad libitum (10 mg/100 mL). After 30 days, the animals were sacrificed, and 5 ml of blood, the kidneys, and the liver were extracted in order to evaluate oxidative stress using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances testing (TBARS). Fragments of the maxilla containing the study molars were prepared for histological evaluation. The degree of pulp inflammation and pulp necrosis, the presence of reparative dentin and dentin bridging the pulp chamber, the presence and regularity of the odontoblastic layer, and the presence of pulp fibrosis were evaluated. No significant differences were found between the four study groups for any of the studied histological variables. The oral administration of melatonin did not modify the local effects of MTA or melatonin on dental pulp, or reduce basal-level oxidative stress. The effect of melatonin on pulp is similar to that of MTA and may be used as an agent for direct pulp capping.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Human Cathepsins B and L by Caffeic Acid and Its Derivatives

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Liza Ulčakar ◽  
Marko Novinec
Keyword(s):  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Cathepsin B ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Endopeptidase Activity ◽  
Catalytic Mechanisms ◽  
Dipeptidase Activity

Caffeic acid (CA) and its derivatives caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are phenolic compounds of plant origin with a wide range of biological activities. Here, we identify and characterize their inhibitory properties against human cathepsins B and L, potent, ubiquitously expressed cysteine peptidases involved in protein turnover and homeostasis, as well as pathological conditions, such as cancer. We show that CAPE and CGA inhibit both peptidases, while CA shows a preference for cathepsin B, resulting in the strongest inhibition among these combinations. All compounds are linear (complete) inhibitors acting via mixed or catalytic mechanisms. Cathepsin B is more strongly inhibited at pH 7.4 than at 5.5, and CA inhibits its endopeptidase activity preferentially over its peptidyl-dipeptidase activity. Altogether, the results identify the CA scaffold as a promising candidate for the development of cathepsin B inhibitors, specifically targeting its endopeptidase activity associated with pathological proteolysis of extracellular substrates.

scholarly journals Combination of 2 Bioactive Compounds for Treatment of Breast Cancer: Triterpenoid Cucurbitacin I and Phenolic CAPE

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1985749
Author(s):  
Fuat Karakuş ◽  
Kadir Yılmaz ◽  
Ergül Eyol ◽  
Songül Ünüvar
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Mcf 7

It has been demonstrated that both cucurbitacin I (Cu I) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) have anticancer activities. The current study aimed to examine the proliferation, migration, and colony formation actions of Cu I and CAPE on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The antimigration, antiproliferative, and colony inhibition effects of different dosages of Cu I, CAPE, and Cu I + CAPE on cells were determined by the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) cell viability assay, wound healing, and colony formation assays, respectively. Compared with single treatment, combination of 2 bioactive compounds enhanced the anticancer activity. When Cu I and CAPE were combined, a strong inhibitor effect was shown on cell growth, colony formation, and cell migration compared with the compounds used singly. The concomitant treatment with Cu I and CAPE showed stronger antiproliferative activities on both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells compared with individual treatment with either Cu I or CAPE. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is a specific inhibitor of Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). It shows anticancer activity depending on this inhibition. It is a bioactive phenolic compound that is derived from propolis. Cucurbitacin I is a selective Januskinase/signal transducer and a transcription-3 signal pathway inhibitor. Combination of these 2 natural anticancer compounds is beneficial in the treatment of cancer, as well as the side effects associated with classical chemotherapeutics not being observed with the use of these compounds.

scholarly journals Morphological rationale of the optimum material searching for the conservative treatment of pulp inflammation (literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
K. A. Myasoedova ◽  
I. V. Firsova ◽  
S. V. Krajnov ◽  
A. N. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pulp Inflammation ◽  
Optimum Material ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Ideal

Pulpitis is one of the most prevalence complication of dental caries. In the structure of visits for dental care, the diagnosis of pulpitis accounts for 14 – 20%. Preservation of the vitality of the pulp is very important for the tooth and for the body as a whole. Since the death of the neurovascular bundle leads to a abnormalities of the protective, trophic and plastic functions of the tooth, causing the loss of its functional signifcance, the development of complications and, as a consequence, removal of a tooth. So, conservative methods of pulpitis treatment must be used to prevent the spread of inflammation in the dental pulp. The success of both direct and indirect biological methods for treating pulpitis in more than 50% of cases depends on the drugs and materials used for the pulp. In the arsenal of dentists there are appropriate new generation drugs with a suffciently high evidential base, however, the problem of fnding the "ideal" material is still crucial.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Expression of Cathelicidins Peptides in Pulp Inflammation and Regeneration: An Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Nireeksha ◽  
Sudhir Rama Varma ◽  
Marah Damdoum ◽  
Mohammed Amjed Alsaegh ◽  
Mithra N. Hegde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Reparative Dentin ◽  
Pulp Inflammation ◽  
Dentin Formation ◽  
Immunomodulatory Potential

The role of inflammatory mediators in dental pulp is unique. The local environment of pulp responds to any changes in the physiology that are highly fundamental, like odontoblast cell differentiation and other secretory activity. The aim of this review is to assess the role of cathelicidins based on their capacity to heal wounds, their immunomodulatory potential, and their ability to stimulate cytokine production and stimulate immune-inflammatory response in pulp and periapex. Accessible electronic databases were searched to find studies reporting the role of cathelicidins in pulpal inflammation and regeneration published between September 2010 and September 2020. The search was performed using the following databases: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO and PubMed. The electronic search was performed using the combination of keywords “cathelicidins” and “dental pulp inflammation”. On the basis of previous studies, it can be inferred that LL-37 plays an important role in odontoblastic cell differentiation and stimulation of antimicrobial peptides. Furthermore, based on these outcomes, it can be concluded that LL-37 plays an important role in reparative dentin formation and provides signaling for defense by activating the innate immune system.

Therapeutic Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) in Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (37) ◽  
pp. 4827-4836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Pittalà ◽  
Loredana Salerno ◽  
Giuseppe Romeo ◽  
Rosaria Acquaviva ◽  
Claudia Di Giacomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Main Components

Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels. Different pathogenic processes are involved in the etiology of the disease. Indeed, chronic diabetes hyperglycemia is often associated with severe long-term complications including cardiovascular symptoms, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Although the precise molecular mechanisms underlying diabetes are not yet clear, it is widely accepted that increased levels of oxidative stress are involved in the onset, development and progression of diabetes and its related complications. In this regard, the use of natural antioxidant polyphenols, able to control free radical production, to increase intracellular antioxidant defense and to prevent the onset of oxidative stress, can be of high interest. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a natural polyphenolic substance, is one of the main components of propolis. Due to its multifaceted biological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects, CAPE has received great attention during the last few decades. In the present paper the therapeutic potential of CAPE in diabetes is extensively reviewed.

scholarly journals Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Reduces Ischemia-Induced Kidney Mitochondrial Injury in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonata Trumbeckaite ◽  
Neringa Pauziene ◽  
Darius Trumbeckas ◽  
Mindaugas Jievaltas ◽  
Rasa Baniene
Keyword(s):  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mitochondrial Injury ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms

During partial nephrectomy, the avoidance of ischemic renal damage is extremely important as duration of renal artery clamping (i.e., ischemia) influences postoperative kidney function. Mitochondria (main producer of ATP in the cell) are very sensitive to ischemia and undergo damage during oxidative stress. Finding of a compound which diminishes ischemic injury to kidney is of great importance. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), biologically active compound of propolis, might be one of the promising therapeutic agents against ischemia-caused damage. Despite wide range of biological activities of CAPE, detailed biochemical mechanisms of its action at the level of mitochondria during ischemia are poorly described and need to be investigated. We investigated if CAPE (22 mg/kg and 34 mg/kg, injected intraperitoneally) has protective effects against short (20 min) and longer time (40 min) rat kidney ischemia in an in vitro ischemia model. CAPE ameliorates in part ischemia-induced renal mitochondrial injury, improves oxidative phosphorylation with complex I-dependent substrate glutamate/malate, increases Ca2+ uptake by mitochondria, blocks ischemia-induced caspase-3 activation, and protects kidney cells from ischemia-induced necrosis. The protective effects on mitochondrial respiration rates were seen after shorter (20 min) time of ischemia whereas reduction of apotosis and necrosis and increase in Ca2+ uptake were revealed after both, shorter and longer time of ischemia.

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