scholarly journals The Influence of Culture on Occupational Therapy Practice in Jordan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Somaya H. Malkawi ◽  
Nisrin S. Alqatarneh ◽  
Elaine K. Fehringer
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Eastern Culture ◽  
The Core ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Values And Beliefs

Background. Occupational therapy’s origins draw from Western culture, values, and beliefs which may impact the application of traditional occupational therapy practice in non-Western cultures. Purpose. This study explored how occupational therapists in Jordan facilitate occupational therapy practice within Islamic Eastern culture. Method. A phenomenological approach was used in this study. Semistructured interviews were conducted with eleven occupational therapists that work in Jordan and have at least two years of experience. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis methods. Results. Three central themes emerged: impact of Jordanian culture and Islamic beliefs about independence and disability on occupational therapy practice, the therapists’ notions of ideal occupational therapy practice vs. daily reality, and challenges posed by workspace and the availability of equipment. Conclusion. This study highlights the growing need to translate and expand the core values of occupational therapy to align with cultures in non-Western countries and cultures.

scholarly journals Occupational therapists’ experiences of enabling people to participate in sport

2020 ◽  
pp. 030802262097394
Author(s):  
Deborah Bullen ◽  
Channine Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Scope Of Practice ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health And Social Care

Introduction In response to growing demands on health and social care services there is an emphasis on communities addressing the needs of local populations to improve lives and reduce inequalities. Occupational therapists are responding to these demands by expanding their scope of practice into innovative settings, such as working with refugees, the homeless and residents of nursing homes, and within sport and leisure environments. The benefits of sport are widely acknowledged, and this paper argues that occupational therapists could play a pivotal role in enabling people to participate. Method This qualitative study drew on a phenomenological approach and used interviews and thematic analysis to explore five occupational therapists’ experiences of enabling people to participate in sport. Findings Findings revealed that participants demonstrated the uniqueness of occupational therapy when enabling people to participate in sport and practised according to their professional philosophy. There were opportunities to reach wider communities and promote the value of occupational therapy by collaborating with organisations, but there were also challenges when working outside of traditional settings. Conclusion The study emphasises the unique skills occupational therapists can bring to this setting. It highlights opportunities to expand their practice, to forge new partnerships in sports and leisure environments, and to address the national inactivity crisis.

An investigation into the experiences of school counsellors working with adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Cathy G. Bettman ◽  
Alexander Digiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
School Context ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
School Counsellors ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Currently, Australia’s school counsellors are increasingly being called upon to respond to adolescent mental health needs. Through semistructured interviews with seven school counsellors working with adolescents, this qualitative study aimed to capture the lived experiences of this group of practitioners. By adopting a phenomenological approach and using thematic analysis, this study provides insight into their profession: the current ambiguity surrounding their role; the opportunities and obstacles they face; as well as the often-present tension between stakeholders including parents, other school staff and external agencies. The findings of this study indicate that school counsellors are challenged by the need to be advocates not only for their students but also for themselves and their roles within the school context.

The Motivation Elements, Components, and Characteristics of an Outstanding Coach

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-80
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Mental Effort ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
The Core ◽  
Hiring Process ◽  
Talent Pool ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
The Right

The research discussed throughout this chapter was designed to examine, understand, and explain the key motivational characteristics, elements, and components of outstanding retention and success coaching. The motivational elements of the study are organized using the choice, persistence, and mental effort framework from Clark and Estes (2008) and Eccles and Wigfield (2002). Through interviews and focus groups of elite coaches, the study assessed the motivation of the most successful coaches as well as the core values, beliefs, and sensitivities to background and cultural norms that suggest that an individual can be developed into an excellent coach. The chapter further explains how institutions and organizations can select for these values and beliefs through a careful hiring process that results in the recruitment of the right talent pool for entry-level coaching positions.

Clarifying the Construct of Occupational Engagement for Occupational Therapy Practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Kennedy ◽  
Jane A. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Occupational Engagement ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Therapeutic Engagement ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Occupational engagement (OE) has been presented as a core construct in occupational therapy; however, its broad conceptualization and confounding definitions are problematic. Clarifying the construct of OE would help occupational therapists to explicate the nature of their practice. The purpose of this study was to explore occupational therapists’ perspectives of the construct of OE. Qualitative descriptive methodology was used to collect data using semistructured interviews with nine practicing occupational therapists in the Greater Toronto Area. Qualitative content analysis, using an inductive approach, was employed to uncover emerging categories. Participants spoke about transitioning from therapeutic engagement to OE with a client by following a client’s path of choice. The essential elements and influencers of OE were highlighted, and the relationship between OE and occupational performance was discussed. The findings provide an initial understanding of essential elements necessary to enable clients to initiate engagement in therapy and then, subsequently, in occupations of their choice.

scholarly journals Exploring the Praxis of Occupational Therapy-Community Development Practitioners

2021 ◽  
pp. 000841742110666
Author(s):  
Laura Irvine-Brown ◽  
Vicki-Ann Ware ◽  
Ana Paula Serrata Malfitano
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background. A growing body of occupational therapy knowledge and practice focuses not on health but on social transformation, and couples occupational therapy with community development. A tension in both these fields is the disconnect between what practitioners espouse and what they do, limiting the potential of practice. To address this, practitioners are encouraged to engage in praxis—the critical synthesis of theory and practice. Purpose. To explore whether and how Australian occupational therapy-community development practitioners engage in critical praxis. Method. A critical dialogical method was employed to complete multiple in-depth interviews with four occupational therapy-community development practitioners. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings. Practitioners appeared capable of praxis but were not consistently employing it. Findings were grouped into themes: disjointed praxis, authentic praxis, supporting praxis, and praxis challenges and solutions. Implications. Occupational therapists need to be supported to develop, use, and maintain skills in critical praxis.

Empowerment and occupation: A new perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen R. Whalley Hammell
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Relevant Concept ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
New Perspective

Background. The idea of empowerment permeates the occupational therapy literature yet has received little critical reflection from occupational therapy’s theorists. Purpose. This paper aims to explore the concept of empowerment and highlight a recent definition that resonates with occupational therapists’ core values. Key Issues. Empowerment is generally understood to be a process of bestowing power and giving ability to someone deficient in both. However, a new definition provides a framework for understanding how empowerment might enhance people’s capabilities. Implications. The World Bank’s depiction of empowerment fits well with occupational therapists’ beliefs in the importance of the ability and opportunity to “do,” providing a framework for action. This framework focuses on people’s capabilities: their freedom—or opportunity—to choose what they wish to do and to be and their ability to act on these wishes. Moreover, the World Bank’s assertion that empowered people have freedom of both choice and action suggests empowerment is a relevant concept for occupational therapists.

Using the Core Values and Skills of Occupational Therapy in Management

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marriott
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Management Style ◽  
The Political ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
The Core ◽  
Participative Approach

The contribution of occupational therapy to the management of the health service is largely an unexplored domain. This article examines the meaning of effective management practice and the integration of occupational therapy values and skills within the management role. It proposes a link between the occupational therapy philosophy and a participative approach to management. The benefits and challenges that develop from this particular management style are highlighted, with particular reference to the power dimension of the health service. The use of power in organisational life is explored and the nature of participative management is reviewed in the light of this. The article concludes by advocating the positive use of power within the political arena and by encouraging all occupational therapists to participate fully in the management of their services.

When Clients are Dying: Occupational Therapists’ Perspectives

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind A. Bye
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Terminally Ill ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
The Core ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Making A Difference

Occupational therapists working with people who are terminally ill potentially face a contradiction between the principles and assumptions of rehabilitation-oriented practice and the needs and experiences of clients who are dying. This research investigated experiences of occupational therapists working with clients who are terminally ill to examine if such a contradiction existed and, if so, how it was managed in daily practice. Ten occupational therapists working with people who are terminally ill shared their perspectives through in-depth interview and participant observation. Data analysis followed grounded theory procedures. Nine conceptual categories were generated from the data: Making a Difference, Referral to Occupational Therapy, Assessing the Situation, Goal Setting, Building Against Loss, “Normality Within a Changed Reality,” Client Control, Supported and Safe Care, and Closure. Analysis of relationships between categories resulted in the development of a conceptual framework of occupational therapy practice with people who are terminally ill. The core phenomenon of the framework emerged as Affirming Life: Preparing for Death. Results indicate that occupational therapists manage this contradiction between their rehabilitation training and their work with people who are dying by reframing the process and outcomes of practice to acknowledge clients’ dual states of living and dying.

Occupational therapists’ experiences and perspectives towards occupation-based practice in Thailand: A mixed-methods study

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Anuchart Kaunnil ◽  
Supalak Khemthong ◽  
Sarinya Sriphetcharawut ◽  
Peeradech Thichanpiang ◽  
Veerawat Sansri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Strongly Agree

Introduction Occupation-based practice is a core tenet of occupational therapy. This study explores perspectives and experiences with occupation-based practice among Thai occupational therapists. Method Using mixed methods, a focus group was conducted with eight occupational therapists, and the results were interpreted using thematic analysis. A questionnaire survey was also completed concerning practitioner perspectives ( n = 216). Findings Three major themes were identified: (a) perspectives on occupation-based practice were related to practice areas and felt to strengthen the identity of occupational therapy (52% strongly agree), leading to improved services and better outcomes for clients (44% strongly agree); (b) approaches focused on activities of daily living were appropriate for cross-practice areas; and (c) occupation-based practice is consistent with integrated medical sciences and occupations for clients (52% strongly agree). Conclusion Implementing occupation-based practice will be of value to clients, provide benefits as a compass to direct processes, and enhance clinical reasoning and outcomes.

Culture and its Influence on Occupational Therapy Evaluation

1995 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Paul
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Evaluation Tools ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Values And Beliefs

In the increasingly multicultural society of north America, occupational therapists have a responsibility to develop awareness and knowledge concerning different cultural groups. By accepting and understanding clients' customs, values and beliefs, clinicians have a better chance of assessing and producing more effective outcomes. Since occupational therapy has incorporated western middle-class values into its theory and practice, many evaluation tools used are based on norrns developed for a white middle-class population. Using these evaluations with minority groups brings the danger of improper interpretation of test results. Consequently, increasing emphasis is being placed on the importance of culture fairness and the development of culture-fair evaluation tools for usage across different cultural groups. This paper will present a discussion concerning the importance, advantages and disadvantages of both culture-fair and culture-specific tests and evaluation tools.

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