Occupational therapists’ experiences and perspectives towards occupation-based practice in Thailand: A mixed-methods study

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Anuchart Kaunnil ◽  
Supalak Khemthong ◽  
Sarinya Sriphetcharawut ◽  
Peeradech Thichanpiang ◽  
Veerawat Sansri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Strongly Agree

Introduction Occupation-based practice is a core tenet of occupational therapy. This study explores perspectives and experiences with occupation-based practice among Thai occupational therapists. Method Using mixed methods, a focus group was conducted with eight occupational therapists, and the results were interpreted using thematic analysis. A questionnaire survey was also completed concerning practitioner perspectives ( n = 216). Findings Three major themes were identified: (a) perspectives on occupation-based practice were related to practice areas and felt to strengthen the identity of occupational therapy (52% strongly agree), leading to improved services and better outcomes for clients (44% strongly agree); (b) approaches focused on activities of daily living were appropriate for cross-practice areas; and (c) occupation-based practice is consistent with integrated medical sciences and occupations for clients (52% strongly agree). Conclusion Implementing occupation-based practice will be of value to clients, provide benefits as a compass to direct processes, and enhance clinical reasoning and outcomes.

scholarly journals Providing Verbal Assistance When Assessing Individuals Living with a Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 000841742110342
Author(s):  
Mireille Gagnon-Roy ◽  
Nathalie Bier ◽  
Stéphanie Boulé-Riley ◽  
Heidi Keurentjes ◽  
Priscilla Lam Wai Shun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Level Of Understanding

Background. Occupational therapists play a major role in identifying the assistance needs of individuals living with a traumatic brain injury. However, to obtain an accurate assessment, verbal assistance should be provided only when necessary, according to the person's needs. Purpose. This study aimed to understand (1) how verbal assistance is provided during an evaluation of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and (2) why it is provided in this manner. Method. Interviews were conducted with three expert occupational therapists using their own videotaped evaluation and a “think-aloud” method to explore their clinical reasoning when providing verbal assistance. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings. The process of providing verbal assistance was recognized as flexible and nonlinear, and influenced by various factors including the participants’ level of understanding of the client's abilities. Implications. This information will help therapists better understand how and when to provide verbal assistance when assessing their clients.

scholarly journals Occupational therapists’ experiences of enabling people to participate in sport

2020 ◽  
pp. 030802262097394
Author(s):  
Deborah Bullen ◽  
Channine Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Scope Of Practice ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health And Social Care

Introduction In response to growing demands on health and social care services there is an emphasis on communities addressing the needs of local populations to improve lives and reduce inequalities. Occupational therapists are responding to these demands by expanding their scope of practice into innovative settings, such as working with refugees, the homeless and residents of nursing homes, and within sport and leisure environments. The benefits of sport are widely acknowledged, and this paper argues that occupational therapists could play a pivotal role in enabling people to participate. Method This qualitative study drew on a phenomenological approach and used interviews and thematic analysis to explore five occupational therapists’ experiences of enabling people to participate in sport. Findings Findings revealed that participants demonstrated the uniqueness of occupational therapy when enabling people to participate in sport and practised according to their professional philosophy. There were opportunities to reach wider communities and promote the value of occupational therapy by collaborating with organisations, but there were also challenges when working outside of traditional settings. Conclusion The study emphasises the unique skills occupational therapists can bring to this setting. It highlights opportunities to expand their practice, to forge new partnerships in sports and leisure environments, and to address the national inactivity crisis.

scholarly journals Ringing the changes: the role of telephone communication in a helpline and befriending service targeting loneliness in older people

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1528-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLAIRE PRESTON ◽  
STEPHEN MOORE
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Older People ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Voice Communication ◽  
Telephone Communication ◽  
The United Kingdom

ABSTRACTThe drive to deliver services addressing loneliness in older people by telephone and online makes it increasingly relevant to consider how the mode of communication affects the way people interact with services and the capacity of services to meet their needs. This paper is based on the qualitative strand of a larger mixed-methods study of a national phoneline tackling loneliness in older people in the United Kingdom. The research comprised thematic analysis of four focus groups with staff and 42 semi-structured interviews with callers. It explored the associations between telephone-delivery, how individuals used the services and how the services were able to respond. To understand these associations, it was useful to identify some constituent characteristics of telephone communication in this context: namely its availability, reach and non-visual nature. This enabled various insights and comparison with other communication media. For example, the availability of the services attracted people seeking frequent emotional support but this presented challenges to staff. More positively, the ability of the services to connect disparate individuals enabled them to form different kinds of satisfying relationships. The evolution of mixed communication forms, such as internet-based voice communication and smartphone-based visual communication, makes analysis at the level of a technology's characteristics useful. Such a cross-cutting perspective can inform both the design of interventions and assessment of their suitability for different manifestations of loneliness.

The Relationship between Engagement in Occupations and Pressure Sore Development in Saudi Men with Paraplegia

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Cutajar ◽  
Anne Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Pressure Sore ◽  
Pressure Sores ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Occupational Activities ◽  
The Individual

Various research studies have explored the factors that predispose people with spinal cord injuries to pressure sore development. Two hundred risk factors have been associated with pressure sore occurrence. One of the variables commonly reported to affect pressure sore occurrence is a decreased level of activity (Vidal and Sarrias 1991, Fuhrer et al 1993). This concurs with the philosophy of occupational therapy that a reduction in activity can generate pathology (Miller et al 1988). This research study investigated whether decreased participation in occupational activities (work, leisure and activities of daily living) was related to pressure sore occurrence in paraplegic men. The sample was selected randomly from the occupational therapy discharge files of a rehabilitation facility in Saudi Arabia. The data were collected by means of a telephone questionnaire from a total of 58 men, over a 3-month period. The study showed that there was a large increase in unemployment in paraplegic men following injury (from 10% to 59%) and, as might be expected, manual workers were more vulnerable than office workers. The study found no significant association between pressure sore occurrence and whether or not the individual was employed. However, it showed a statistically significant association between unemployment and pressure sores severe enough to lead to hospitalisation. The study also found a statistically significant association between individuals' independence in activities of daily living and the number of pressure sores that they had reported in the last 2 years. These findings indicate the potential importance of clients remaining occupationally active for their wellbeing and the significant contribution that occupational therapists can make by enabling rehabilitation of occupational activities.

On Clinical Reasoning: Patterns of Reflection on Practice

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anitha Alnervik ◽  
Gunilla Svidén
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Treatment Session ◽  
Conditional Reasoning ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Reasoning Patterns ◽  
Reflection On Practice

Five qualified occupational therapists and their patients were videotaped during a treatment session. The occupational therapists first were asked to describe the session in a narrative form, i.e., “tell the story,” and then they were asked to describe the thoughts and considerations on which they had conducted the treatment session, i.e., “reflection on practice.” A qualitative analysis was performed in accordance with the model for clinical reasoning developed by Fleming (1991). Both quantitative and qualitative analysis showed that procedural reasoning was predominant both in storytelling and reflection on practice, and a very small number of comments was classified as interactive or conditional reasoning. The results of this preliminary investigation suggested that we should examine the role that reflection on practice plays in examining, developing, and teaching the art of occupational therapy.

Job satisfaction and creativity at work among occupational therapy practitioners: A mixed-methods study

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Alenka Oven ◽  
Barbara Domajnko
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Occupational Therapy Practitioners

BACKGROUND: Creativity is essential to the work of occupational therapy practitioners. Nonetheless, little is known about the way it influences their work satisfaction. OBJECTIVE: This study explores several internal and external factors related to organizational, personal, and socio-relational sources of creativity. Our main hypothesis was that occupational therapy practitioners are more satisfied when creative. METHODS: A mixed-methods study included a qualitative (n = 22) and a quantitative (n = 250) phase. Data were gathered using focus group interviews and an online survey, where a novel assessment instrument –the Creativity in Occupational Therapy Questionnaire –was administered. RESULTS: The synthesis of the results revealed that factors connected with the client, the practitioner’s personal characteristics, the work environment, relationships with colleagues and relationships with superiors all influenced the creativity of occupational therapy practitioners, in negative or positive ways. Professional autonomy and a supportive work environment were found to be important for the creativity of occupational therapy practitioners. Creativity at work had a statistically significant influence on work satisfaction of occupational therapy practitioners (B = 0.575, t = 6.267, p <  0.01) CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate the importance of creativity for job satisfaction of occupational therapy practitioners and suggest a dynamic reciprocal relationship between different factors and circumstances that should be considered when fostering creativity at work.

scholarly journals Engagement with and delivery of the ‘parkrun practice initiative’ in general practice: a mixed methods study

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (697) ◽  
pp. e573-e580
Author(s):  
Joanna Fleming ◽  
Carol Bryce ◽  
Joanne Parsons ◽  
Chrissie Wellington ◽  
Jeremy Dale
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Practice Staff ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Improve Patient

BackgroundThe parkrun practice initiative, a joint collaboration between parkrun and the Royal College of General Practitioners, was launched to encourage general practices to improve the health and wellbeing of patients and staff through participating in local 5 km parkrun events. Why and how practices engage with the initiative is unknown.AimTo investigate engagement with and delivery of the parkrun practice initiative in general practice.Design and settingMixed methods study conducted from April–July 2019 comprising an online survey of all registered parkrun practices, and interviews and a focus group with practice staff in the West Midlands.MethodThe designated contacts at 780 registered parkrun practices were invited to complete an online survey. A purposive sample of parkrun practice staff and non-registered practice staff took part either in semi-structured interviews or a focus group, with transcripts analysed thematically.ResultsOf the total number of parkrun practices, 306 (39.2%) completed the survey. Sixteen practice staff (from nine parkrun practices and four non-registered practices) took part in either semi-structured interviews (n = 12) or a focus group (n = 4). Key motivators for becoming a parkrun practice were: to improve patient and staff health and wellbeing, and to become more engaged with the community and enhance practice image. Practices most commonly encouraged patients, carers, and staff to take part in parkrun and displayed parkrun flyers and posters. Challenges in implementing activities included lack of time (both personal and during consultations) and getting staff involved. Where staff did engage there were positive effects on morale and participation. Non-registered practices were receptive to the initiative, but had apprehensions about the commitment involved.ConclusionPractices were keen to improve patient and staff health. Addressing time constraints and staff support needs to be considered when implementing the initiative.

Values Influencing Clinical Reasoning in Occupational Therapy: An Exploratory Study

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine D. Fondiller ◽  
Lois J. Rosage ◽  
Barbara E. Neuhaus
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
Interview Format

This exploratory study used qualitative research methods to identify values that influence clinical reasoning in occupational therapy. Through an interview format, selected occupational therapists were asked to respond to a predetermined list of questions about a general case study. The interviews were tape-recorded and a content analysis of the tapes yielded 18 distinct value statements. Implications of the findings and recommendations for further studies are presented. Qualitative research methodology is examined for its utility in occupational therapy.

scholarly journals Comparing safety climate for nurses working in operating theatres, critical care and ward areas in the UK: a mixed methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e016977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie Tarling ◽  
Anne Jones ◽  
Trevor Murrells ◽  
Helen McCutcheon
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Safety Climate ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Operating Theatres ◽  
The Uk

ObjectivesThe main aim of the study was to explore the potential sources of variation and understand the meaning of safety climate for nursing practice in acute hospital settings in the UK.DesignA sequential mixed methods design included a cross-sectional survey using the Safety Climate Questionnaire (SCQ) and thematic analysis of focus group discussions. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to validate the factor structure of the SCQ. Factor scores were compared between nurses working in operating theatres, critical care and ward areas. Results from the survey and the thematic analysis were then compared and synthesised.SettingA London University.Participants319 registered nurses working in acute hospital settings completed the SCQ and a further 23 nurses participated in focus groups.ResultsCFA indicated that there was a good model fit on some criteria (χ2=1683.699, df=824, p<0.001; χ2/df=2.04; root mean square error of approximation=0.058) but a less acceptable fit on comparative fit index which is 0.804. There was a statistically significant difference between clinical specialisms in management commitment (F (4,266)=4.66, p=0.001). Nurses working in operating theatres had lower scores compared with ward areas and they also reported negative perceptions about management in their focus group. There was significant variation in scores for communication across clinical specialism (F (4,266)=2.62, p=0.035) but none of the pairwise comparisons achieved statistical significance. Thematic analysis identified themes of human factors, clinical management and protecting patients. The system and the human side of caring was identified as a meta-theme.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the SCQ has some utility but requires further exploration. The findings indicate that safety in nursing practice is a complex interaction between safety systems and the social and interpersonal aspects of clinical practice.

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