scholarly journals Partial and Total Solvent-Free Limonene’s Hydrogenation: Metals, Supports, Pressure, and Water Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fanta J. Ndongou Moutombi ◽  
Anne-Sylvie Fabiano-Tixier ◽  
Olivier Clarisse ◽  
Farid Chemat ◽  
Mohamed Touaibia
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Pressure ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Partial Hydrogenation ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Water Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Bio-based solvents menthene and menthane were obtained through limonene’s partial and total hydrogenation under various catalytic conditions. Heterogeneous catalysts based on different active metals and supports (carbon, alumina, and silica) were systematically tested for solvent-free total and partial hydrogenation of limonene under high and low hydrogen pressure. Influences of these catalysts on the formation of menthene, menthane, and cymene, a dehydrogenated product, were determined. The impact of water addition on the conversion and selectivity of the catalysts was also investigated. Amongst all tested catalysts, Rh/Alumina which was never tested for total and partial hydrogenation of limonene was the most effective as 1-menthene was quantitatively produced at low pressure (0.275 MPa) while menthane was mostly obtained at a higher pressure (2.75 MPa). Water addition on Rh/Alumina favoured menthene production even at high pressure. To propose menthane, menthene, and menthane/menthene mixture as an alternative to fossil-based solvents such as n-hexane for the extraction of natural products, β-carotene, vanillin, and rosmarinic acid solubilizations have been investigated. If a modeling approach using COSMO-RS software predicted a comparable solubilization of these 3 compounds for the 3 solvents, experimental assays revealed that menthene solubilizes β-carotene, vanillin, and rosmarinic acid three to five times better than n-hexane.

The Influence of Eutectic Morphology on the Impact Properties of High Pressure Die Cast Mg-Rare-Earth Alloys

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 683-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Easton ◽  
Katharina Strobel ◽  
Su Ming Zhu ◽  
Mark A. Gibson ◽  
Jian Feng Nie
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Eutectic Structure ◽  
Rare Earth Alloys ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Die Cast ◽  
Eutectic Morphology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lamellar Eutectic Structure ◽  
Better Than

The impact properties of high-pressure die cast Mg-RE alloys were investigated. It was found that, for rare earth contents between 2-4 wt.%, the Mg-La and Mg-Nd alloys performed better than the Mg-Ce alloys in un-notched tests. The notched results appear to be related to the amount of intermetallic. In contrast, the un-notched results indicate that at some compositions the Mg-La alloys out-performed the other alloys when compared to the amount of intermetallic. It was apparent that a lamellar eutectic structure can improve the un-notched impact properties of Mg-RE based alloys even when this is not evidenced in tensile test or notched impact results.

scholarly journals Advertising Media Impact in Consumer Buying Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Ashmita Dahal Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Media Impact ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Buying Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Advertisements have been used for many years to influence the buying behaviors of the consumers. Advertisements are helpful in creating the awareness and perception among the customers of a product. This particular research was conducted on the 100 young male and female who use different brands of product to check the influence of advertisement on their buying behavior while creating the awareness and building the perceptions. Correlation, regression and other statistical tools were used to identify the relationship between these variables. The results revealed that the relationship between media and consumer behavior is positive. The adve1tising impact on sales and there is positive and high degree relationship between advertising and consumer behavior. The impact on advertising of a product of electronic media is better than non-electronic media.

scholarly journals Simulation and Nonlinearity Optimization of a High-Pressure Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4419
Author(s):  
Ting Li ◽  
Haiping Shang ◽  
Weibing Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Nonlinear Error ◽  
Sensor Model ◽  
Optimized Model ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Better Than

A pressure sensor in the range of 0–120 MPa with a square diaphragm was designed and fabricated, which was isolated by the oil-filled package. The nonlinearity of the device without circuit compensation is better than 0.4%, and the accuracy is 0.43%. This sensor model was simulated by ANSYS software. Based on this model, we simulated the output voltage and nonlinearity when piezoresistors locations change. The simulation results showed that as the stress of the longitudinal resistor (RL) was increased compared to the transverse resistor (RT), the nonlinear error of the pressure sensor would first decrease to about 0 and then increase. The theoretical calculation and mathematical fitting were given to this phenomenon. Based on this discovery, a method for optimizing the nonlinearity of high-pressure sensors while ensuring the maximum sensitivity was proposed. In the simulation, the output of the optimized model had a significant improvement over the original model, and the nonlinear error significantly decreased from 0.106% to 0.0000713%.

scholarly journals Chloropinane and Chloromenthene as Novel Solvents for Solubilisation of Natural Substances

Molbank ◽  
10.3390/m1205 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. M1205
Author(s):  
Mohamed Touaibia ◽  
Anne-Sylvie Fabiano-Tixier ◽  
Farid Chemat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Better Than

Chloropinane and chloromenthene, synthesized from pinene and limonene, respectively, were compared with their non-halogenated analogs and n-hexane for their ability to solubilize natural products of interest such as β-carotenoids, vanillin, and rosmarinic acid. Chloropinane was six times more efficient than hexane for β-carotene solubilization. Chloromenthene was 15 times better than hexane. Vanillin was 20 times more soluble in chloropinane than in hexane. Chloropinane and chloromenthene were 3.5 and 2 times more efficient than hexane for rosmarinic acid solubilization. Obtained from pinene and limonene, two very abundant natural products, and even from their waste byproducts, chloropinane and chloromenthene can be an alternative to solvents from non-renewable resources.

Multiple orifices in customized microsystem high-pressure emulsification: The impact of design and counter pressure on homogenization efficiency

2014 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Henrik Finke ◽  
Svea Niemann ◽  
Claudia Richter ◽  
Thomas Gothsch ◽  
Arno Kwade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Counter Pressure ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Single Crystal Growth and Physical Properties of Pyroxene CoGeO3

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Li Zhao ◽  
Zhiwei Hu ◽  
Hanjie Guo ◽  
Christoph Geibel ◽  
Hong-Ji Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Single Crystal Growth ◽  
The Impact

We report on the synthesis and physical properties of cm-sized CoGeO3 single crystals grown in a high pressure mirror furnace at pressures of 80 bar. Direction dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements on our single crystals reveal highly anisotropic magnetic properties that we attribute to the impact of strong single ion anisotropy appearing in this system with TN∼33.5 K. Furthermore, we observe effective magnetic moments that are exceeding the spin only values of the Co ions, which reveals the presence of sizable orbital moments in CoGeO3.

scholarly journals Locking down the Impact of New Zealand’s COVID-19 Alert Level Changes on Pets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Fiona Esam ◽  
Rachel Forrest ◽  
Natalie Waran
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on human-pet interactions within New Zealand, particularly during lockdown, was investigated via two national surveys. In Survey 1, pet owners (n = 686) responded during the final week of the five-week Alert Level 4 lockdown (highest level of restrictions—April 2020), and survey 2 involved 498 respondents during July 2020 whilst at Alert Level 1 (lowest level of restrictions). During the lockdown, 54.7% of owners felt that their pets’ wellbeing was better than usual, while only 7.4% felt that it was worse. Most respondents (84.0%) could list at least one benefit of lockdown for their pets, and they noted pets were engaged with more play (61.7%) and exercise (49.7%) than pre-lockdown. Many respondents (40.3%) expressed that they were concerned about their pet’s wellbeing after lockdown, with pets missing company/attention and separation anxiety being major themes. In Survey 2, 27.9% of respondents reported that they continued to engage in increased rates of play with their pets after lockdown, however, the higher levels of pet exercise were not maintained. Just over one-third (35.9%) of owners took steps to prepare their pets to transition out of lockdown. The results indicate that pets may have enjoyed improved welfare during lockdown due to the possibility of increased human-pet interaction. The steps taken by owners to prepare animals for a return to normal life may enhance pet wellbeing long-term if maintained.

Missed Shots at the Free-Throw Line

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattie Toma
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
National Basketball Association ◽  
Choking Under Pressure ◽  
Professional Basketball ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Male College ◽  
The Impact

Choking under pressure represents a phenomenon in which individuals faced with a high-pressure situation do not perform as well as would be expected were they performing under normal conditions. In this article, I identify determinants that predict a basketball player’s susceptibility to choking under pressure. Identification of these determinants adds to our understanding of players’ psychology at pivotal points in the game. My analysis draws on play-by-play data from ESPN.com that feature over 2 million free-throw attempts in women’s and men’s college and professional basketball games from the 2002-2013 seasons. Using regression analysis, I explore the impact of both gender and level of professionalism on performance in high-pressure situations. I find that in the final 30 seconds of a tight game, Women’s National Basketball Association and National Basketball Association players are 5.81 and 3.11 percentage points, respectively, less likely to make a free throw, while female and male college players are 2.25 and 2.09 percentage points, respectively, less likely to make a free throw, though statistical significance cannot be established among National Collegiate Athletic Association women. The discrepancy in choking between college and professional players is pronounced when comparing male college players who do and do not make it to the professional level; the free-throw performance of those destined to go pro falls 6 percentage points more in high-pressure situations. Finally, I find that women and men do not differ significantly in their propensity to choke.

scholarly journals Effect of ball collision direction on a wet mechanochemical reaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Kozawa ◽  
Kayo Fukuyama ◽  
Kizuku Kushimoto ◽  
Shingo Ishihara ◽  
Junya Kano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Tangential Component ◽  
Normal Direction ◽  
Mechanochemical Reaction ◽  
Precipitation Mechanism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mechanochemical Reactions ◽  
Ball Motion

AbstractMechanochemical reactions can be induced in a solution by the collision of balls to produce high-temperature and high-pressure zones, with the reactions occurring through a dissolution–precipitation mechanism due to a change in solubility. However, only a fraction of the impact energy contributes to the mechanochemical reactions, while the rest is mainly consumed by the wear of balls and the heat generation. To clarify whether the normal or tangential component of collisions makes a larger contribution on the reaction, herein we studied the effect of collision direction on a wet mechanochemical reaction through combined analysis of the experimental reaction rates and simulated ball motion. Collisions of balls in the normal direction were found to contribute strongly to the wet mechanochemical reaction. These results could be used to improve the synthesis efficiency, predict the reaction, and lower the wear in the wet mechanochemical reactions.

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