scholarly journals Bioactivities and Future Perspectives of Chaetoglobosins

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhua Chen ◽  
Wenzhou Zhang ◽  
Qingfeng Guo ◽  
Weijiang Yu ◽  
Yongna Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Large Class ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Fungal Secondary Metabolites

Chaetoglobosins belonging to cytochalasan alkaloids represent a large class of fungal secondary metabolites. To date, around 100 chaetoglobosins and their analogues have been isolated and identified over the years from a variety of fungi, mainly from the fungus Chaetomium globosum. Studies have found that chaetoglobosins possess a broad range of biological activities, including antitumor, antifungal, phytotoxic, fibrinolytic, antibacterial, nematicidal, anti-inflammatory, and anti-HIV activities. This review will comprehensively summarize the biological activities and mechanisms of action of nature-derived chaetoglobosins.

scholarly journals γ-Butyrolactones from Aspergillus Species: Structures, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Gamal A. Mohamed ◽  
Amgad I.M. Khedr
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fungal Secondary Metabolites

Recently, numerous metabolites possessing uncommon structures and potent bioactivity have been isolated from strains of fungi collected from diverse environments. The genus Aspergillus is known as a rich source of γ-butyrolactones. These are a group of fungal secondary metabolites, consisting of a five-membered lactone bearing two aromatic rings, which shows a great variety of biological activities. This review summarizes the research on the biosynthesis, source, and biological activities of the naturally occurring γ-butyrolactones that have been isolated from Aspergillus species published over the last decades. More than 75 compounds are described and 65 references are cited.

scholarly journals Phyllanthin: A Potential Lead Molecule for the Future Needs

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Azam ◽  
Makula Ajitha
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Future Needs ◽  
The Future ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Phyllanthin is an active lignan present in various Phyllanthus species and number of studies revealed that it exhibits various biological activities that include antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antidiabetic, immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory activities. After thorough examination of existing literature it was discovered that there is currently no comprehensive review available on this significant phytocompound. Hence, an attempt was made to present the physicochemical properties, enhancement techniques of yield and bioavailability, synthesis, pharmacological applications and toxicity studies of phyllanthin. This report also highlights semisynthetic derivatives and mechanisms of action of phyllanthin for various biological activities.

scholarly journals Insightful Valorization of the Biological Activities of Pani Heloch Leaves through Experimental and Computer-Aided Mechanisms

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5153
Author(s):  
Naureen Banu ◽  
Najmul Alam ◽  
Mohammad Nazmul Islam ◽  
Sanjida Islam ◽  
Shahenur Alam Sakib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pani heloch (Antidesma montanum) is traditionally used to treat innumerable diseases and is a source of wild vegetables for the management of different pathological conditions. The present study explored the qualitative phytochemicals; quantitative phenol and flavonoid contents; in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and thrombolytic effects; and in vivo antipyretic and analgesic properties of the methanol extract of A. montanum leaves in different experimental models. The extract exhibited secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, flavanols, phytosterols, cholesterols, phenols, terpenoids, glycosides, fixed oils, emodines, coumarins, resins, and tannins. Besides, Pani heloch showed strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 99.00 µg/mL), while a moderate percentage of clot lysis (31.56%) in human blood and significant anti-inflammatory activity (p < 0.001) was achieved with the standard. Moreover, the analgesic and antipyretic properties appeared to trigger a significant response (p < 0.001) relative to in the control group. Besides, an in silico study of carpusin revealed favorable protein-binding affinities. Furthermore, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity analysis and toxicological properties of all isolated compounds adopted Lipinski’s rule of five for drug-like potential and level of toxicity. Our research unveiled that the methanol extract of A. montanum leaves exhibited secondary metabolites that are a good source for managing inflammation, pyrexia, pain, and cellular toxicity. Computational approaches and further studies are required to identify the possible mechanism which responsible for the biological effects.

scholarly journals Marine Alkaloids with Anti-Inflammatory Activity: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cássio R. M. Souza ◽  
Wallace P. Bezerra ◽  
Janeusa T. Souto
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Marine Alkaloids ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Alkaloids are nitrogenous compounds with various biological activities. Alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activity are commonly found in terrestrial plants, but there are few records of the identification and characterization of the activity of these compounds in marine organisms such as fungi, bacteria, sponges, ascidians, and cnidarians. Seaweed are a source of several already elucidated bioactive compounds, but few studies have described and characterized the activity of seaweed alkaloids with anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, we have gathered the current knowledge about marine alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activity and suggest future perspectives for the study and bioprospecting of these compounds.

An Overview on Pyranocoumarins: Synthesis and Biological Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (24) ◽  
pp. 2679-2721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia-Eirini N. Vlachou ◽  
Konstantinos E. Litinas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pyran Ring ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Anti Hiv

Pyrano- and dipyranocoumarins are classes of naturally occurring organic compounds with very interesting biological activities. This review focuses on the synthetic strategies for the synthesis of pyranocoumarins and dipyranocoumarins and the biological properties of those compounds. The synthesis involves the formation of the pyran ring, at first, from a coumarin or the formation of pyranone moiety from an existing pyran. Pyranocoumarins and dipyranocoumarins present anti-HIV, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory activities. Especially khellactones and calanolides are usually potent and selective in anti-HIV activity. Decursin and decursinol derivatives are effective as anticancer, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and antifungal agents.

Benzofuran: A Key Heterocycle - Ring Closure And Beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-276
Author(s):  
Andiappan Lavanya ◽  
Kilambi Narasimhan ◽  
Vediappen Padmini
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Privileged Scaffold ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Hiv

: The benzofuranyl motif present in compounds exhibits various medicinal properties and non-drug applications. These derivatives are naturally occurring compounds or synthetic materials, which cover a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti- depressant, anti-HIV, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, anti-convulsant, cytotoxic, analgesic, etc. Few of the commercially interesting compounds from this class are, ailanthoidol (anti-inflammatory), amiodarone, dronedarone, celivarone (anti-arrhythmic), bufuralol (muscular airways relaxant), morphine, 5-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran; 5-APB, 6-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran; 6-APB (CNS), rifampicin (antibiotic), etc., whereas, some of the non-drug applications are in perfumery industry (bergapten) and as tannin activators in sunscreen preparations (psoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen, and angelicin). Considering these interesting biological activities and commercial utilities, a review on the synthetic aspects of this privileged scaffold was attempted. For the benefit of natural product-based drug discovery, available sources of these derivatives, extraction process and reported biological activities have also been outlined in this review.

Biological Activities of Isorhamnetin: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Khaled Nabih Zaki Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In recentyears, flavonols have been a focus of research due to their important biological activities.Isorhamnetinis a flavonol. It belongs to a group of plant secondary metabolites known as flavonoids. It is present in man’s daily diet and is known for its biological activities such as antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-Tuberculosis and anti-inflammatory effects. It has been reported for its antioxidant and antiviral applications hence it is not only used as such, but it also has various derivatized forms which has potentials for development into drugs for the treatment of diseases caused by oxidative stress and lethal viruses.

scholarly journals Chromatin-dependent regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in fungi: is the picture complete?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Collemare ◽  
Michael F Seidl
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Chromatin Modifications ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Clusters ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Fungal Secondary Metabolites

ABSTRACTFungal secondary metabolites are small molecules that exhibit diverse biological activities exploited in medicine, industry and agriculture. Their biosynthesis is governed by co-expressed genes that often co-localize in gene clusters. Most of these secondary metabolite gene clusters are inactive under laboratory conditions, which is due to a tight transcriptional regulation. Modifications of chromatin, the complex of DNA and histone proteins influencing DNA accessibility, play an important role in this regulation. However, tinkering with well-characterised chemical and genetic modifications that affect chromatin alters the expression of only few biosynthetic gene clusters, and thus the regulation of the vast majority of biosynthetic pathways remains enigmatic. In the past, attempts to activate silent gene clusters in fungi mainly focused on histone acetylation and methylation, while in other eukaryotes many other post-translational modifications are involved in transcription regulation. Thus, how chromatin regulates the expression of gene clusters remains a largely unexplored research field. In this review, we argue that focusing on only few well-characterised chromatin modifications is significantly hampering our understanding of the chromatin-based regulation of biosynthetic gene clusters. Research on underexplored chromatin modifications and on the interplay between different modifications is timely to fully explore the largely untapped reservoir of fungal secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Structures and Bioactivities of Steroidal Saponins Isolated from the Genera Dracaena and Sansevieria

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1916
Author(s):  
Zaw Min Thu ◽  
Sann Myint Oo ◽  
Thinn Myat Nwe ◽  
Hnin Thanda Aung ◽  
Chabaco Armijos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Steroidal Saponins ◽  
Structural Motifs ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The species Dracaena and Sansevieria, that are well-known for different uses in traditional medicines and as indoor ornamental plants with air purifying property, are rich sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. In fact, a wide variety of phytochemical constituents have been isolated so far from about seventeen species. This paper has reviewed the literature of about 180 steroidal saponins, isolated from Dracaena and Sansevieria species, as a basis for further studies. Saponins are among the most characteristic metabolites isolated from the two genera. They show a great variety in structural motifs and a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative effects and, in most case, remarkable cytotoxic properties.

scholarly journals PHYLA NODIFLORA (VERBENACEAE): A REVIEW

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Bashir Ahmad Chaudhary ◽  
Mehreen Jabeen ◽  
Umair Jillani ◽  
Muhammad Uzair
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Phyla nodiflora (Verbenaceae) has been used in folk medicine for various ailments such as asthma, bronchitis, knee  joint  pain, gonorrhea, irritation of internal haemorrhoids, cardiopathy, hepatitis and fever. It is known to have various biological activities such as antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimelanogenesis, hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects. Phyla nodiflora is a common ingredient of herbal tea used for the treatment of inflammation, menstrual disorders, and infactious disease. In the present study the plant has been completly reviewed for detection and isolation of secondary metabolites and biological activities which will facilitate the scientists to plan for future studies

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