Effect of Novel Rhythmic Physical Activities on Fundamental Movement Skills in 3- to 5-Year-Old Children

Based on traditional rhythmic physical activities (TRPA), we created novel rhythmic physical activities (NRPA). The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of NRPA in improving children’s fundamental movement skills (FMS). 289 children (135 boys, 154 girls) from 3 to 5 years old were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. Tools of Test of Gross Motor Development-2, Tekscan instrument, and balance beam were to assess children’s FMS. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze and compare the changes in the related parameters of locomotor, manipulative, and balance movement skills before and after intervention ( groups × time ). NRPA performed significantly better than TRPA from pre- to posttest for FMS. Furthermore, NRPA had significantly higher posttest scores than TRPA. Therefore, NRPA could effectively promote the development of children’s FMS due to the concept of the sensitive period of motor development, the variability of movement parameters, and the incomplete repeatability of practice methods.

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The Effectiveness of a Primary School Based Badminton Intervention on Children’s Fundamental Movement Skills

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports8020011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Michael J. Duncan ◽

Mark Noon ◽

Chelsey Lawson ◽

Josh Hurst ◽

Emma L. J. Eyre

Keyword(s):

Motor Development ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

World Federation ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Movement Skills ◽

Fundamental Movement Skills ◽

Total Process ◽

Long Jump ◽

Stage 1

This study examined the effects of the Badminton World Federation (BWF) Shuttle Time program on fundamental movement skills (FMS) in English children. A total of 124 children; 66 in key stage 1 (ages 6–7 years) and 58 in key stage 2 (10–11 years) undertook the Shuttle Time program, once weekly for six weeks (n = 63) or acted as controls (n = 61). Pre, post and ten-weeks post, both process and product FMS were determined. Children in the intervention group, aged 6–7 years, had higher total process FMS (via test of gross motor development-2) compared to the control group at post and ten-weeks post intervention (both p = 0.0001, d = 0.6 and 0.7, respectively). There were no significant differences in process FMS scores for children aged 10–11 years. Ten-meter sprint speed decreased pre to post and was maintained at ten-weeks post for the intervention groups aged 6–7 years (p = 0.0001, d = 0.6) and 10–11 years (p = 0.001, d = 0.2) compared to control. Standing long jump distance increased pre to post (p = 0.0001, d = 0.8) and was maintained at ten-weeks post (p = 0.0001, d = 0.5) for the intervention group. Medicine ball throw performance increased pre to post (p = 0.0001, d = 0.3) for the intervention group. The BWF Shuttle Time program is beneficial in developing FMS for key stage 1 children (ages 6–7).

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Hybrid Program Based on Virtual and Real Games Increases Fundamental Movement Skills in Children With Intellectual Disability: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.2020-0180 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 626-642

Author(s):

Ghada Regaieg ◽

Sonia Sahli ◽

Gilles Kermarrec

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Motor Development ◽

Control Group ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Movement Skills ◽

Fundamental Movement Skills ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Hybrid Program ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Children With Intellectual Disability

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two pedagogical strategies in adapted physical education (hybrid virtual/real vs. conventional) on fundamental movement skills (FMS) in children with intellectual disability age 7–10 years. Children with intellectual disability (N = 24) were randomly assigned to either the hybrid (experimental group) or the conventional (control group) group and were evaluated across 10 weeks. The hybrid program was based on virtual and real game situations, while the conventional program was based on adapted sports. FMS were evaluated using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 at pre- and postprogram for both groups. Both programs significantly improve locomotor skills, with significantly better improvement in the experimental group. However, a significant improvement was observed only among the experimental group for object-control skills and gross motor quotient. Based on these results, a hybrid program may be considered for FMS improvement.

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Curriculum Enrichment with Self-Testing Activities in Development of Fundamental Movement Skills of First-Grade Children in Greece

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.2002.94.3c.1259 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 94 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1259-1270 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Dimitrios Karabourniotis ◽

Christina Evaggelinou ◽

George Tzetzis ◽

Thomas Kourtessis

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Motor Development ◽

First Grade ◽

Control Group ◽

Testing Time ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Gross Motor Development ◽

Movement Skills ◽

Fundamental Movement Skills ◽

Self Testing

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Self-testing activities on the development of fundamental movement skills in first-grade children in Greece. Two groups of children were tested. The Control group ( n = 23 children) received the regular 12-wk. physical education school program and the Experimental group ( n = 22 children) received a 12-wk. skill-oriented program with an increasing allotment of self-testing activities. The Test of Gross Motor Development was used to assess fundamental movement skills, while the content areas of physical education courses were estimated with an assessment protocol, based on the interval recording system called the Academic Learning Time-Physical Education. A 2 × 2 repeated measures analysis of variance with group as the between factor and testing time (pretest vs posttest) as the repeated-measures factor was performed to assess differences between the two groups. A significant interaction of group with testing time was found for the Test of Gross Motor Development total score, with the Experimental group scoring higher then the Control group. A significant main effect was also found for test but not for group. This study provides evidence supporting the notion that a balanced allotment of the self-testing and game activities beyond the usual curriculum increases the fundamental motor-skill development of children. Also, it stresses the necessity for content and performance standards for the fundamental motor skills in educational programs. Finally, it seems that the Test of Gross Motor Development is a useful tool for the assessment of children's fundamental movement skills.

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School-Time Movement Behaviors and Fundamental Movement Skills in Preschoolers: An Isotemporal Reallocation Analysis

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/00315125211013196 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003151252110131

Author(s):

Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins ◽

Cain Craig Truman Clark ◽

Rafael Miranda Tassitano ◽

Anastácio Neco de Souza Filho ◽

Anelise Reis Gaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Motor Development ◽

Compositional Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Movement Skills ◽

School Time ◽

Fundamental Movement Skills ◽

Time Movement

Little is known of how reallocations of time spent in different movement behaviors during preschool might relate to preschoolers’ fundamental movement skills (FMS), a key predictor of later physical activity (PA). Thus, the aim of this study was to examine (a) whether preschoolers’ school-time movement was associated with their FMS and (b) the effects on FMS of reallocating time between PA and sedentary behavior (SB). This was a cross-sectional study, using intervention data with Brazilian low-income preschoolers. We observed Brazilian preschoolers of both sexes ( Mage = 4.5, SD = 0.8 years-old; 101boys) over 10 hours of school-time and objectively assessed their PA and SB with Actigraph wGT3X and their FMS with the Test of Gross Motor Development – Second Edition. We explored the associations between school-time movement behaviors and FMS and between reallocated school-time movement behaviors and FES using compositional analysis in R (version 1.40-1), robCompositions (version 0.92-7), and lmtest (version 0.9-35) packages. This isotemporal reallocation showed that, for manipulative skills, reallocating time (5, 10, and 15 minutes, respectively) from light PA to SB was associated with increasing skill (0.14, 0.28, and 0.42 FMS units), raising questions as to whether fine motor activity occurred during SB. Thus, school-time movement significantly predicted FMS, with a modest increase in SB, at the expense of light PA eliciting improved manipulative skills.

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The importance of diversified physical activities in early childhood for later fundamental movement skills and physical activity level: a seven-year longitudinal study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-243804/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Paulina S. Melby ◽

Peter Elsborg ◽

Glen Nielsen ◽

Rodrigo A. Lima ◽

Peter Bentsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Physical Activities ◽

School Intervention ◽

Activity Level ◽

Life Course Perspective ◽

Movement Skills ◽

Fundamental Movement Skills ◽

Daily Physical Activities

Abstract Background: Research indicates that childhood fundamental movement skills (FMS) can predict physical activity (PA) later in life and it has been argued that frequently engaging in a wide diversity of physical activities will eventually improve children’s FMS. However, no longitudinal or experimental studies have confirmed this hypothesis. The aims of this study are to investigate the longitudinal associations between diversified physical activities at age six and later FMS and PA (age nine and 13). Furthermore, we explore to what extent the longitudinal association between diversified physical activity and PA is mediated by FMS.Methods: Longitudinal data from the Copenhagen School Intervention Studywere used for this analysis, where 704 participated (69% response rate). Diversified physical activity (self-reported), FMS (The Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder battery of postural stability and locomotor skills) and PA (accelerometer) were assessed in the children at age six, age nine and age 13. A total of 991 participated in at least one of the measure years. Two structural equation models were constructed, with diversified physical activity at age six and FMS and PA at age nine as predictors of PA and FMS at age 13. Results: The data from both models demonstrated good model fit. Diversified physical activity at six years of age was significantly associated with physical activity and FMS at age 13, when adjusting for sex, age, intervention, weight, height, and previous levels of PA and FMS. Diversified physical activity at age six was also positively associated with PA and FMS at age nine, which were, in turn, positively related to PA at age 13 but to a lesser degree than diversified PA at age six. The association between diversified physical activity at age six and PA at age 13 was not mediated by FMS at age nine. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that diversified physical activity at age six is important for the development of FMS and PA in adolescence. Increasing the diversity of children’s daily physical activities, not only the amount and intensity, seems important for future PA behavior and thereby health promotion in a life course perspective.

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Effect of 12 weeks of recreational soccer on bone mineral density and sarcopenia in the elderly: a randomized clinical trial

Journal of Physical Education ◽

10.4025/jphyseduc.v32i1.3257 ◽

1989 ◽

Author(s):

Guilherme Henrique de Lima Matias ◽

◽

André dos Santos Costa ◽

Romulo Maia Carlos Fonseca

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Intervention Group ◽

The Elderly ◽

Whole Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Hoc

Objective: To verify the effect of recreational soccer on bone mineral density and sarcopenia in the elderly. Methods: Fourteen elderly people aged 65.9 ± 3.4 years were selected. They were separated into two groups: the intervention group and the control group; the intervention group played recreational soccer for 12 weeks on two days of the week. Assessments were performed for bone mineral density and body muscle mass before and after the intervention. For statistical analysis, the repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test was used. Results: After 12 weeks, there was a significant change in bone mineral density in the region of the total femur (p = 0.020). Analyzing the participants’ sarcopenia, no significant results were found after the intervention period. Conclusion: Playing recreational soccer causes a significant improvement in the total femur and maintains bone regions in the spine, whole body, and femoral neck. Also, it promotes a removal from the threshold for sarcopenia screening in the elderly.

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Effect of Calcium-phosphate Desensitizers on Staining Susceptibility of Acid-eroded Enamel

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/18-024-l ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 281-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

KY Kyaw ◽

M Otsuki ◽

MS Segarra ◽

N Hiraishi ◽

J Tagami

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Color Difference ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Control Group ◽

Before And After

SUMMARY Objective: To investigate the effect of calcium-phosphate–based desensitizers, Teethmate AP paste (TMAP) and Teethmate Desensitizer (TMD) (Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan), on the prevention of staining on acid-eroded enamel. Methods and Materials: Forty polished enamel samples (4×4×1 mm) from bovine incisors were randomly divided into five groups (n=8). After immersion in 50 mL of 0.5% citric acid (pH 2.5) for 15 minutes to form acid-eroded surfaces, the surfaces were subjected to different treatments with TMAP, TMD, and NaF (0.21% means 950 ppm) for five minutes. Another eroded group was not treated with desensitizer. For the control group, the samples were not eroded or treated. All the samples were stored in artificial saliva (AS) at pH 7.2 for 24 hours at 37°C. The TMAP, TMD, or NaF was reapplied at eight and 16 hours during the 24 hours of storage time. The surface roughness (Sa) was evaluated following ISO 25178 for surface texture using confocal laser scanning microscopy (VK-X 150 series, Keyence, Osaka, Japan) before acid erosion, after acid erosion, and after 24 hours of incubation in AS. Afterward, the color difference was measured with a dental colorimeter (Shade Eye NCC, Shofu, Kyoto, Japan) before and after staining with tea solution. Results: One-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed that acid erosion significantly increased Sa (p<0.001). TMAP- and TMD-treated groups exhibited lower Sa values than the NaF group and the no-desensitizer treatment group. The greatest staining was observed in the NaF group and the no-desensitizer group, while the TMAP and TMD groups significantly decreased the formation of stains. Conclusions: Acid-eroded enamel increased surface roughness and tended to absorb more stains. However, the application of TMAP and TMD moderated the roughness and thus prevented the formation of extrinsic stains.

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Teaching about Near-Death Experiences: The Effectiveness of Using the Day I Died

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.2190/om.63.4.e ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 373-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Janice Miner Holden ◽

Kathy Oden ◽

Kelly Kozlowski ◽

Bert Hayslip

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Future Research ◽

Control Group ◽

Waitlist Control ◽

Before And After ◽

Waitlist Control Group ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Mind ◽

Near Death Experiences ◽

The Brain

In this article, we reviewed results of research on near-death experiences (NDEs) over the past 3 decades and examined the effect of viewing the hour-long 2002 BBC documentary The Day I Died: The Mind, the Brain, and Near-Death Experiences on accurate knowledge about near-death experiences among advanced undergraduates at a southwestern university. In a quasi-experimental research design, the experimental group completed a 20-item questionnaire before and after viewing the documentary ( n = 66; 45 females, 21 males), and the waitlist control group completed the questionnaire as pre- and posttest before viewing the documentary ( n = 39; 36 female, 3 male). The two groups' scores at pretest were not significantly different ( p > .05). Group by occasion repeated measures ANOVA revealed the experimental group's posttest scores moved significantly in the direction of correctness with a large effect size ( p < .001; η2= .56), whereas waitlist control group posttest scores remained similar to pretest scores. We discuss two exceptions to the effectiveness of the documentary and recommendations for educators using it as well as for future research.

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Do Children Accurately Estimate Their Performance of Fundamental Movement Skills?

Journal of Motor Learning and Development ◽

10.1123/jmld.2016-0030 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 193-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gabriela Almeida ◽

Carlos Luz ◽

Rui Martins ◽

Rita Cordovil

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Motor Competence ◽

Balance Beam ◽

Actual Performance ◽

Movement Skills ◽

Fundamental Movement Skills ◽

The Relationship ◽

Different Levels ◽

Walking Backward

An inaccurate perception of motor competence might compromise the engagement of children in physical activities and might be a problem in terms of safety in physical education classes or at playgrounds. The relationship between estimation and actual performance in children with different levels of performance in fundamental movement skills (FMS) was analyzed. Three hundred and three children (aged 6–10 years) were ranked according to their performance in FMS tasks: jumping, kicking, throwing, and walking backward (WB) on a balance beam. Tertiles were created for each task according to children’s performance. Before performing the tasks, children estimated their maximum performance. Absolute percent errors (i.e., deviation percentage from accurate estimations) and error tendency (i.e., frequency of underestimations, right judgments, or overestimations) were calculated. All performance groups tended to overestimate their skills at all tasks, except for the upper tertile group at the WB task (underestimation tendency). After controlling for age, children in the lower tertiles were consistently less accurate than children in the upper tertiles, exhibiting greater absolute percent errors for all the tasks. The overestimation tendency that was found might positively influence children’s engagement in physical activities, but unrealistic estimations might be a problem in terms of safety.

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The Parkinsonian Gait Spatiotemporal Parameters Quantified by a Single Inertial Sensor before and after Automated Mechanical Peripheral Stimulation Treatment

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2015/390512 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ana Kleiner ◽

Manuela Galli ◽

Maria Gaglione ◽

Daniela Hildebrand ◽

Patrizio Sale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Stride Length ◽

Inertial Sensor ◽

Gait Velocity ◽

Control Group ◽

Peripheral Stimulation ◽

Before And After ◽

Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽

The One ◽

One Way Anova

This study aims to evaluate the change in gait spatiotemporal parameters in subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD) before and after Automated Mechanical Peripheral Stimulation (AMPS) treatment. Thirty-five subjects with PD and 35 healthy age-matched subjects took part in this study. A dedicated medical device (Gondola) was used to administer the AMPS. All patients with PD were treated in off levodopa phase and their gait performances were evaluated by an inertial measurement system before and after the intervention. The one-way ANOVA for repeated measures was performed to assess the differences between pre- and post-AMPS and the one-way ANOVA to assess the differences between PD patients and the control group. Spearman’s correlations assessed the associations between patients with PD clinical status (H&Y) and the percentage of improvement of the gait variables after AMPS (α<0.05for all tests). The PD group had an improvement of 14.85% in the stride length; 14.77% in the gait velocity; and 29.91% in the gait propulsion. The correlation results showed that the higher the H&Y classification, the higher the stride length percentage of improvement. The treatment based on AMPS intervention seems to induce a better performance in the gait pattern of PD patients, mainly in intermediate and advanced stages of the condition.

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