scholarly journals Soil Contamination with Toxocara Eggs in Public Schools in Rural Areas of Southern Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nonthapan Phasuk ◽  
Ratee Kache ◽  
Kanjana Thongtup ◽  
Saowalee Boonmuang ◽  
Chuchard Punsawad
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
The Status ◽  
Flotation Method

Soil is considered the primary source of Toxocara transmission to humans, especially children. The status of soil contamination with Toxocara eggs in southern Thailand is unknown. This study aimed at estimating the soil contamination with Toxocara eggs in public schools in Nakhon Si Thammarat province in southern Thailand. Soil samples were collected from 12 public schools between August and September 2017. At each site, ten soil samples were collected from the following five types of locations: (1) playgrounds, (2) football fields, (3) sidewalks, (4) schoolyards, and (5) areas around cafeterias. In total, 120 samples were examined for Toxocara eggs with a modified flotation method using a sucrose solution. Toxocara eggs were detected in 8 (66.7%) of the 12 studied public schools. Of the 120 soil samples, 22 (18.3%; 95% CI: 11.9, 26.4) were contaminated with Toxocara eggs. The highest levels of Toxocara egg contamination were observed in playgrounds (41.7%; 95% CI: 22.1, 63.4), followed by football fields (20.8%; 95% CI: 7.1, 42.2), sidewalks (12.5%; 95% CI: 2.7, 32.4), and schoolyards (12.5%; 95% CI: 2.7, 32.4). There were significant differences in the distribution of Toxocara eggs across location types p<0.05. The findings demonstrated that the soil samples from public schools were contaminated with Toxocara eggs. Playgrounds were the most heavily contaminated locations. Teaching children proper handwashing steps and discouraging geophagia should be implemented to reduce the distribution of Toxocara and limit future Toxocara infections.

scholarly journals The Use of Saturated MgSO4 Compared to Saturated Sucrose in the Flotation Method to Identify Eggs and Larvae of Soil-Transmitted Helminths from Plantation Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Nidya Husna Kholidah ◽  
Yunita Armiyanti ◽  
Dwita Aryadina Rachmawati ◽  
Bagus Hermansyah ◽  
Yudha Nurdian
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Soil Media ◽  
Flotation Method ◽  
The Many ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Worms infection is still common in Indonesia with a prevalence that varies around 40% -60% at all ages. This disease can be caused by infection of Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) that require soil media to infect humans. The many plantation lands in Jember are a suitable environment for the development of STH and STH identification in soil can be done by flotation method using MgSO4 solution or sucrose. The comparison of the effectiveness of the MgSO4 solution with the sucrose solution has not been widely studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of using saturated MgSO4 solution with saturated sucrose to identify eggs and larvae of STH in Sumber Wadung plantation soil, Hargomulyo Village, Silo District, Jember Regency using the flotation method. Soil samples were taken as many as 35 samples in the garden area, 35 samples around the river, and 35 samples in residential areas,. The results of identification of STH eggs and larvae obtained Ascarid eggs (1.9%) and Hookworm larvae (0.01%). The number of positive soil samples containing STH eggs and larvae using different solutions is the same as three samples (0.02%).The Wilcoxon test results showed that there was no difference in the results of using the MgSO4 solution with the sucrose solution in the flotation method (p> 0.05) so that the MgSO4 solution and sucrose solution could be used to detect eggs and larvae of STH worms and had the same effectiveness. Keyword: Soil-transmitted helminths, saturated MgSO4,  saturated sucrose, flotation

scholarly journals Toxocara(Nematoda: Ascaridida) and Other Soil-Transmitted Helminth Eggs Contaminating Soils in Selected Urban and Rural Areas in the Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vachel Gay V. Paller ◽  
Emmanuel Ryan C. de Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
And Control

The extent of contamination of soils with soil transmitted helminthes (STH) eggs, particularlyToxocara, was determined in selected urban and rural towns of Laguna, Philippines. Soil samples were collected from public schools, house yards, and empty lots. Results revealed that, of the 1480 soil samples collected, 460 (31%) were positive for STH eggs.Toxocarasp. was the most prevalent (77%), followed byAscarissp. (11%), hookworms/strongyles/free-living nematodes (7%), andTrichurissp. (5%). Some soil physicochemical parameters were also determined and associated withToxocaraeggs prevalence and density in soil. Results revealed thatToxocarasp. eggs were most prevalent in less acidic, relatively high temperature and high moisture soil conditions. They were also prevalent in sandy, silty, and loamy soil textures but less prevalent in clayey. No significant differences were found between depth 1 (0–5 cm) and depth 2 (6–10 cm). This study revealed thatToxocarasp. eggs are ubiquitous and the extent of contamination in soils from the selected towns of Laguna is relatively high. Hence, the data generated in this study can be used in promoting public awareness, particularly for pet owners and local health officials, for effective prevention and control of this parasitosis.

scholarly journals Soil contamination by Ancylostoma spp. and Toxocara spp. eggs in elementary school playgrounds in the extreme south of Brazil

2022 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catia Cilene Santos de Mello ◽  
Leandro Quintana Nizoli ◽  
Alexsander Ferraz ◽  
Bruno Cabral Chagas ◽  
William James Domingues Azario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
School Communities ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Recreation Areas ◽  
School Playgrounds ◽  
Flotation Method ◽  
South Of Brazil

Abstract Millions of people worldwide, and especially schoolchildren, may be infected by geohelminths due to their exposure to a contaminated environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil contamination by Ancylostoma spp. and Toxocara spp. eggs in recreation areas at elementary schools in Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Sand samples were collected from 22 schools and were processed using the centrifugal flotation method. Helminth eggs with zoonotic potential were found in 12 out of the 22 schools (54.5%). Contamination by Ancylostoma spp. and Toxocara spp. was observed in 36.4% (8/22) and 27.3% (6/22) of the soil samples collected at these schools, respectively. These findings of eggs show that the school communities are exposed to risks of zoonotic transmission.

Soil contamination with ascarid eggs in playgrounds in Kirikkale, Turkey

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aydenizöz Özkayhan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Flotation Method ◽  
The City ◽  
Human Health Hazard ◽  
Potential Human Health ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

AbstractContamination of soil with feline and canine ascarid eggs in eight playgrounds in Kırıkkale, Turkey was investigated monthly from February 2003 to January 2004. Dog faeces were also collected and all samples were examined using the zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation method. Eggs of Toxocara were observed in 5 of 8 (62.5%) of playgrounds examined and in 15.6% of 480 soil samples. The number of eggs varied from 1 to 11. Eggs were observed in soil samples collected in February, March to June, August and November, with embryonated eggs appearing in June and August. Eggs of Toxascaris leonina and Taenia spp. and oocysts of Isospora spp. were also found in 1.5%, 1.0% and 0.2% of soil samples, respectively. Of 26 samples of dog faeces collected, 7.7% were contaminated with Toxocara spp. and 11.5% with Taenia spp. The presence of Toxocara eggs in the city playgrounds and dog populations suggests a potential human health hazard due to toxocariasis.

scholarly journals The Study of Soil Contamination by Toxocara spp. Eggs in Different Areas of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Southwest Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Giti Shirvani ◽  
Rahman Abdizadeh ◽  
Koroush Manouchehri Naeini ◽  
Seifollah Mortezaei ◽  
Mina Khaksar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background and aims: Toxocariasis caused by the larvae of Toxocara spp. is a zoonotic infection with global distribution that is considered an important health problem in the humans. The soil is regarded as the main source of the transmission of Toxocara infection to susceptible hosts. This study investigated the existence of Toxocara spp. ova in rural and urban public areas of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Methods: A total of 180 soil samples were randomly collected from 74 public places from urban and rural areas of nine counties of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province during May to September, 2017. The samples were examined for Toxocara spp. eggs by the modified sucrose flotation method. Results: The contamination rate of the soil samples with Toxocara spp. ova varied within 0%-18.1% in different counties. Overall, 9 (5%) out of 180 examined soil samples were found positive for Toxocara spp. ova. Of nine investigated districts, Toxocara spp. ova were observed in four counties and the highest rate of soil contamination was found in Farsan county with 18.1%. Finally, the prevalence of Toxocara spp. eggs was more in the rural areas (6.7%) compared to the urban ones (3.3%). Conclusion: This study was the first investigation regarding the contamination of Toxocara spp. eggs in the soil of public places in rural and urban areas of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. According to the results, the rate of soil contamination in this region was lower compared with the other parts of Iran. Therefore, a further study is required to determine factors that may be involved in the distribution of Toxocara spp. in different areas of this province.

Urban soil contamination in Australia

Soil Research ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 937 ◽  
Author(s):  
KG Tiller
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Site Evaluation ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Environmental Agencies

The current knowledge of the pollution of Australian urban soils was reviewed with special reference to heavy metals. Increased community concern in recent years has resulted m a major upsurge in the investigation and rehabilitation of contaminated soils. This has led to a concomitant reassessment and development of regulatory procedures, and the establishment of some new environmental agencies. This review considers sources and extent of contamination, and approaches to the establishment of reference background levels in urban and rural areas. Assessment of contaminated sites has been largely based on overseas experience but site specific approaches relevant to Australian soils and climates are needed and are being developed by State authorities in collaboration with the Australian and New Zealand Environmental and Conservation Council and the National Health and Medical Research Council. The need for soil-based research and for standardized soil sampling procedures for site evaluation and action is stressed. Many opportunities exist for soil scientists in solving problems of soil contamination and rehabilitation.

The status of radio work in our public schools

1941 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Russell Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
The Status

Airborne particulates and asthma: a Maine case study

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J Langley-Turnbaugh ◽  
Nancy R Gordon ◽  
Thomas Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Crustal Material ◽  
Cell Culture Medium ◽  
Clinical Asthma

Maine currently has the second fastest growing asthma rate in the nation- 9.4% of the adult population has asthma and one out of eight children is affected. The factors behind this increase are poorly understood, but previous reports suggest that biologically soluble metal ions from particulate matter (PM10) may play a role in asthma episodes. In an effort to study this issue, we first identified geographic and temporal trends in Maine asthma hospitalizations. Clinical data show a strong fall peak in asthma admissions with weaker peaks in January and May, and a summer low in asthma admissions. Asthma admissions are also higher in the cities than in the rural areas in Maine. We then analysed PM10 collected by the Maine Department of Environmental Protection in three different Maine locations in the years 2000 and 2001, at times when clinical asthma data showed peaks and during the summer low period. We also collected soil samples in the same locations. The PM10 and soils were analysed for 10 metals by acid extraction to determine total metal content and then with cell culture medium, DMEM/F12+CCS growth medium, to determine metal biosolubility. Our results showed that Mn, Cu, Pb, As, V, Ni and Al were present in the Maine PM samples. V, Ni and Pb showed seasonal variation, while the others were relatively constant throughout the year. Pb and Al did not appear to be soluble in the biological medium. There was also variation from location to location with the urban area showing the highest concentrations for most metals. Aluminium was present in the highest concentration in soil samples, followed by Mn and V. Only Cu was biologically available in soils. We determined from M/Al ratios that most of the PM10 did not originate from local crustal material.

scholarly journals The status of chanting codices in the Serbian chant tradition

Muzikologija ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Vesna Peno
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Liturgical Practice ◽  
Musical Literacy ◽  
The Middle Ages

The status of chanting codices, which is directly associated with the phenomenon of musical literacy, is examined in this paper by means of the examples of a few scarce neumed manuscripts that represent a primary source for the reconstruction of the Serbian music past. The following reasons have been stated in the Serbian musicological literature as an explanation for the lack of a larger number of preserved neumed books: 1) melodies were transmitted orally, 2) an intensive liturgical practice, in which chanting had a primary place and 3) historical circumstances due to which manuscripts were exposed to decay. For the sake of an objective evaluation of the probable level of chanting skill in the Middle ages in Serbia, the aforementioned reasons have been reconsidered and revised.

scholarly journals The Quality of Life of Coronavirus Disease Survivors Living in Rural and Urban Area of Riau Province, Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Suyanto Suyanto ◽  
Shashi Kandel ◽  
Rahmat Azhari Kemal ◽  
Arfianti Arfianti
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

This study assesses the status of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among coronavirus survivors living in rural and urban districts in Riau province, Indonesia. The cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 and 285 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) survivors living in rural and urban areas, respectively in August 2021. The St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to measure the HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors. A higher total score domain corresponds to worse quality of life status. Quantile regression with the respect to 50th percentile found a significant association for the factors living in rural areas, being female, having comorbidities, and being hospitalized during treatment, with total score of 4.77, 2.43, 7.22, and 21.27 higher than in their contra parts, respectively. Moreover, having received full vaccination had the score 3.96 in total score. The HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors living in rural areas was significantly lower than in urban areas. Factors such as living in rural areas, female sex, having comorbidities, and history of symptomatic COVID-19 infection were identified as significant predictors for lower quality of life. Meanwhile, having full vaccination is a significant predictor for a better quality of life. The results of this study can provide the targeted recommendations for improvement of HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors.

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