scholarly journals Effect of Ammonia Fumigation Treatment on Wood Color and Chemical Composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Weigang Zhang ◽  
Minzhen Bao ◽  
Weisheng Sun ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Liang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Wood Color ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Betula Alnoides

Betula alnoides was used as a test material to study the effect of ammonia fumigation treatment on wood color and chemical composition. The effects of concentration, temperature, and duration of ammonia fumigation on wood color were studied. The properties of the material were studied using contact angle measurements, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and dynamic thermomechanical analysis. In general, the color difference of the wood increased with the concentration of ammonia used in the fumigation process, treatment temperature, and treatment duration. After ammonia fumigation treatment, the chemical composition of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the wood was reduced. We concluded that ammonia fumigation treatment decreased material wettability and dynamic mechanical rigidity and increased the degree of crystallinity in wood.

scholarly journals Chemical, electrochemical and tribological study of various olive oils and their behaviour on steel

Chemija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrikas Cesiulis ◽  
Albinas Žilinskas ◽  
Juozas Padgurskas ◽  
Raimondas Kreivaitis ◽  
Raimundas Rukuiža
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Data

The influence of different chemical composition and physical properties of olive oils, produced from various districts in Morocco with various acidic numbers (from 1.76 to 18.01), on their tribological performance and corrosion protection has been investigated. The chemical composition was determined by means of IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The investigated olive oils show small quantitative and qualitative differences between each other (the amount of free fatty acids and the composition of fatty acids in triglycerides). The spectroscopic data let us unambiguously determine in general that the main fatty acids in oils are saturated palmitic and/or stearic acids, unsaturated oleic and linoleic acids except linolenic acid. The oxidation stability of oils was estimated. The contact angle measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data show that all films of olive oils on the surfaces of steels are porous; therefore, the values of corrosion inhibition efficiency are relatively low and ranged from 57 to 75%. The variations of friction coefficients and their mean values, the wear of steel covered by olive oils were estimated. The oils with the highest oxidation stability also show better lubricating properties.

scholarly journals Mathematical Model to Predict the Affinity Between Aggregate/Bitumen

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
P. Caputo ◽  
G.A. Ranieri ◽  
D. Miriello ◽  
A. Bloise ◽  
A.A. Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bond Angle ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Established Fact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The stones used for the construction of road surfaces have a complex mineralogical and hence chemical composition. They are made up of several types of minerals put together. This generates a significant difference in adhesion with the bituminous binder. The aim of this study is to create a mathematical model able to predict the adhesion between bitumen and stone on the basis of contact angle measurements made on different pure minerals. The mathematical model used was developed keeping in mind the exponential bond that the minerals have with the corresponding bond angle. This model also confirmed the established fact that the lower the value of Δ, the better the adhesion between the bitumen and the aggregate.

Nanostructured Polymer Brushes With Reversibly Changing Properties

2002 ◽  
Vol 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys Usov ◽  
Manfred Stamm ◽  
Sergiy Minko ◽  
Christian Froeck ◽  
Andreas Scholl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Brushes ◽  
Phase Segregation ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Nanostructured Polymer ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Vertical Segregation ◽  
Oxygen Plasma Etching ◽  
Grafting From ◽  
Photoemission Electron

AbstractWe investigated the interplay between different mechanisms of the lateral and vertical segregation in the synthesized via “grafting from” approach symmetric A/B (where A and B are poly(styrene-co-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene) and poly(methylmethacrylate), respectively) polymer brushes upon exposure to different solvents. We used X-ray photoemission electron spectroscopy and microscopy (X-PEEM), AFM, water contact angle measurements, and oxygen plasma etching to study morphology of the brushes. The ripple morphology after toluene (nonselective solvent) revealed elongated lamellar-like domains of A and B polymers alternating across the surface. The dimple-A morphology consisting of round clusters of the polymer A was observed after acetone (selective solvent for B). The top layer was enriched with the polymer B showing that the brush underwent both the lateral and vertical phase segregation. A qualitative agreement with predictions of SCF theory was found.

Wrinkling Poly(trimethylene 2,5-Furanoate) Free-standing Films: Nanostructure Formation and Physical Properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelina Soccio ◽  
Nadia Lotti ◽  
Andrea Munari ◽  
Esther Rebollar ◽  
Daniel E Martínez-Tong
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Nanostructure Formation ◽  
Physicochemical Changes ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements

<p>Nanostructured wrinkles were developed on fully bio-based poly(trimethylene furanoate) (PTF) films by using the technique of Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS). We investigated the effect of irradiation time on wrinkle formation using an UV pulsed laser source, at a fluence of 8 mJ/cm2. It was found that the pulse range between 600 and 4800 pulses allowed formation of periodic nanometric ripples. The nanostructured surface was studied using a combined macro- and nanoscale approach. We evaluated possible physicochemical changes taking place on the polymer surface after irradiation by infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy. The macroscopic physicochemical properties of PTF showed almost no changes after nanostructure formation, differently from the results previously found for the terephthalic counterparts, as poly(ethyleneterephthalate), PET, and poly(trimethyleneterephthalate), PTT. The surface mechanical properties of the nanostructured PTF were found to be improved, as evidenced by nanomechanical force spectroscopy measurements. In particular, an increased Young’s modulus and higher stiffness for the nanostructured sample were measured. <br></p>

scholarly journals Adhesion Studies during Generative Hybridization of Textile-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites via Additive Manufacturing

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3888
Author(s):  
Johanna Maier ◽  
Christian Vogel ◽  
Tobias Lebelt ◽  
Vinzenz Geske ◽  
Thomas Behnisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Small Series ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Generative hybridization enables the efficient production of lightweight structures by combining classic manufacturing processes with additive manufacturing technologies. This type of functionalization process allows components with high geometric complexity and high mechanical properties to be produced efficiently in small series without the need for additional molds. In this study, hybrid specimens were generated by additively depositing PA6 (polyamide 6) via fused layer modeling (FLM) onto continuous woven fiber GF/PA6 (glass fiber/polyamide 6) flat preforms. Specifically, the effects of surface pre-treatment and process-induced surface interactions were investigated using optical microscopy for contact angle measurements as well as laser profilometry and thermal analytics. The bonding characteristic at the interface was evaluated via quasi-static tensile pull-off tests. Results indicate that both the bond strength and corresponding failure type vary with pre-treatment settings and process parameters during generative hybridization. It is shown that both the base substrate temperature and the FLM nozzle distance have a significant influence on the adhesive tensile strength. In particular, it can be seen that surface activation by plasma can significantly improve the specific adhesion in generative hybridization.

scholarly journals Epoxy/alumina composite coating on welded steel 316L with excellent wear and anticorrosion properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryama Hammi ◽  
Younes Ziat ◽  
Zakaryaa Zarhri ◽  
Charaf Laghlimi ◽  
Abdelaziz Moutcine
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Behaviour ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Melted Zone ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Alumina Composite ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Good Contrast

AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to elaborate anticorrosive coatings for the welded steel 316L, since this later is widely used in industrial field. Hence, within this work we have studied the electrochemical behaviour of different zones of the welded steel 316 in 1 M HCl media. The macrography study of the welded steel has revealed the different areas with a good contrast. We have stated three different zones, namely; melted zone (MZ), heat affected zone (HAZ) and base metal zone (BM). Impedance studies on welded steel 316L were conducted in 1 M HCl solution, coating of Epoxy/Alumina composite was applied on different zones, in order to reveal the anti-corrosion efficiency in each zone. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was undertaken in order to check how far the used coating in such aggressive media protects the studied zones and these findings were assessed by water contact angle measurements. The choice of this coating is based on the cost and the safety. We concluded that the Epoxy/Alumina composite has a good protecting effect regarding welded steel in aggressive media.

Wettability Determination by Equilibrium Contact Angle Measurements: Reservoir Rock- Connate Water System With Injection of CO2

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Shojaikaveh ◽  
Cas Berentsen ◽  
Susanne Eva Johanne Rudolph-Floter ◽  
Karl Heinz Wolf ◽  
William Richard Rossen
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water System ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Equilibrium Contact Angle ◽  
Connate Water ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements

Surface Wettability Enhances Osteoblast Adhesion on Silicon-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Thin Films

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 877-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Thian ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
Serena Best ◽  
Zoe H. Barber ◽  
William Bonfield
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Culture Study ◽  
Cell Culture Study ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Osteoblast Adhesion ◽  
Lower Contact

Crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) and 0.8 wt.% silicon-substituted HA (SiHA) thin films were produced using magnetron co-sputtering. These films were subjected to contact angle measurements and in vitro cell culture study using human osteoblast-like (HOB) cells. A wettability study showed that SiHA has a lower contact angle, and thus is more hydrophilic in nature, as compared to HA. Consequently, enhanced cell growth was observed on SiHA at all time-points. Furthermore, distinct and well-developed actin filaments could be seen within HOB cells on SiHA. Thus, this work demonstrated that the surface properties of the coating may be modified by the substitution of Si into the HA structure.

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