scholarly journals Assessment of Biosecurity Status in Commercial Chicken Farms Found in Bishoftu Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abdulbari Ismael ◽  
Adem Abdella ◽  
Shihun Shimelis ◽  
Asamenew Tesfaye ◽  
Yimer Muktar
Keyword(s):  
Residential Areas ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Main Road ◽  
Commercial Chicken ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Biosecurity Practices ◽  
Farm Biosecurity ◽  
Previous Training ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A survey was undertaken from December 2017 to April 2018 to assess the biosecurity status of 44 commercial chicken farms established in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia, by interviewing farm owners using a structured questionnaire. The obtained data were summarized using frequency tables and analyzed with Pearson’s chi-square test and Fischer’s exact value using Stata 14 statistical software. From the assessed chicken farms, 31 (70.45%) were located within 0–50 m from the main road, 39 (88.64%) situated 500 m from the nearest farms, and 27 (61.36%) placed within 0–20 m from the residential areas. Forty-one (93.18%) participants disclosed that their employees did not receive training on biosecurity. From the assessed chicken farms, 30 (68.18%) had fences, 40 (90.91%) had footbaths at their gates, 31 (70.45%) prohibited visitors entrance, and 39 (88.64%) did not exchange equipment with other farms. In addition, 26 (59.09%) farms were easily accessed by wild birds, each of 42 (95.45%) farms purchased day-old chicks and feed, and 40 (90.91%) shared trucks with other farms as well. Among the assessed farms, only 2 (4.55%) had signages to restrict people’s access, 9 (20.45%) had isolation rooms for diseased chickens, 14 (31.82%) disposed of dead birds properly, and 10 (22.73%) kept various types of records. Occupation (Fischer’s exact value = 8.40; P = 0.019 ), previous training (Fischer’s exact value = 4.40; P = 0.044 ), source of the premises (χ2 = 5.50; P = 0.019 ), and farm capacity (Fischer’s exact value = 13.50; P = 0.002 ) were found statistically significantly associated with the farm biosecurity status. The farm biosecurity status was found to be good in farms that were run by civil servants, had trained employees, are owned premises, and were of large and medium scales. In conclusion, the higher poor biosecurity status on chicken farms calls for the implementation of good biosecurity practices in each farm as well as the provision of training to the farm owners and their employees.

Severity of Psoriasis Associated with Metabolic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 2072-2079
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu ◽  
Constantin Stefani ◽  
Ioana Veronica Grajdeanu ◽  
Bogdan Serban ◽  
Gheorghe Ciobanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Severe Psoriasis ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Total Group ◽  
Chi Square Test

Although extensively studied, psoriasis still has negative consequences and is associated with multiple comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome. The severity of psoriasis seems to influence the occurrence of diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome. 208 patients diagnosed with psoriasis were identified, who were divided into lots depending on the severity of psoriasis, but also to the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Interpretation of statistical data was done with SPSS V21 (Statistical Package for Social Science) and MEDCALC (Statistical Software). The coexistence of severe psoriasis with metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases by 2.97 or greater, with a confidence interval of [1.60, 5.51], than that of patients with severe psoriasis who have no metabolic syndrome. The hypothesis was statistically confirmed by p = 0.003. Analyzing the total group with psoriasis by severity, we found the following distribution: from the total number of 208 patients, 39 (18.8%) had severe psoriasis, 83 (39.9%) moderate psoriasis and 86 (41.3%) mild psoriasis. The higher incidence of metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis is evidenced by the Pearson Chi-Square test, where p [0.001. The association of metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis is evident. The more severe the psoriasis, the more likely it is to develop metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Rheumatologist perspective of the Brazilian consensus for detection of auto antibodies in HEp-2 CELLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isadora Carvalho Medeiros Francescantonio ◽  
Leandro Augusto Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Luiz Carvalho Francescantonio ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Coelho Andrade ◽  
Wilson de Melo Cruvinel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dichotomous Data ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Relevant Pattern ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Objective To evaluate the perception of rheumatologists regarding the recommendations of the Brazilian Consensus for detection of Autoantibodies (BCA) on HEp-2 Cells by Indirect Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and how BCA recommendations help in clinical practice. Methodology A structured questionnaire regarding the BCA recommendations for detection and interpretations of autoantibodies in HEp-2 cells was applied to randomly selected rheumatologists. The results were tabulated using the Microsoft® Excel program, expressed as a simple percentage and the dichotomous data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and the Epi Info® program. Results Four hundred fuorteen rheumatologists participated in the study: 70% of them considered their knowledge of the HEp-2 IFA test satisfactory or excellent, and 43% said they knew the BCA recommendations in general, without distinguishing the edition of the BCA to which they refer. The Revista Brasileira de Rheumatologia/Advances in Rheumatology was the means of dissemination most consulted by specialists (50%). According to the rheumatologists’ opinion, the most relevant pattern was the homogeneous nuclear (78%) and 65% stated they were satisfied with the BCA recommendations at a level of satisfaction greater than or equal to 80%. There was no significant difference in the perception of rheumatologists from the several Brazilian geographic regions. Conclusion Brazilian rheumatologists are aware of the BCA guidelines and most are satisfied with the content published, considering that the BCA recommendations assist positively in the clinical practice. Most rheumatologists recognize the patterns associated with rheumatic autoimmune diseases and have used BCA recommendations to interpret the results of the HEp-2 IFA test.

Children’s perception towards parents on learning Mathematics in Sindhuli district

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Yam Prasad Pandeya
Keyword(s):  
Parent Involvement ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Mathematical Achievement ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Parental factors play vital role in academic attainment of their offspring. Motivation and counseling stimulate someone to take a desired course of action. This paper attempts to explore the perception of children towards their patents in support, involvement, counseling, and motivation on learning mathematics. This study employed survey research design of the quantitative approach. The total population of the study was90 students (15 students from each six schools) enrolled in Grade ix of Sindhuli district in 2019. The data were collected through self-structured questionnaire using three points-Likert scale items. Mean and standard deviation of each item were calculated and Chi-square test at 5% level of significance was used to test the hypothesis. The finding of this study shows that the parents of Sindhuli district are very conscious about the study of their children whatever their educational level. This study suggests that parent involvement is an inseparable component to promote mathematical achievement of their offspring.

scholarly journals Prevalence of oral habits in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Pedro Diniz Rebouças Rebouças ◽  
Levy Sombra de Oliveira ◽  
Henrique Matos Costa Lima ◽  
Lorena Walesca Macedo Rodrigues ◽  
Regina Glaucia Lucena Aguiar Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Absolute Frequency ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Oral Habits ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Objective: this quantitative descriptive study aimed to evaluate the presence of deleterious oral habits and associated factors in children attending the Amadeu Barros Leal day care in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Material and Methods: the sample consisted of 75 children (51% of girls) aged 0 to 5 years. Data were collected through the application of a structured questionnaire to the parents or guardians and analyzed statistically with Fisher’s exact or Chi-square test, considering a 95% confidence interval. The results were expressed as absolute frequency and percentage. Results: 89% of the children participating in the study were breastfed, and 43.5% of them were breastfed at least until the first year of age. As much as 19% of the children slept with their mouths open and 39% used a pacifier, 56.7% of which used it constantly during the day and at night. About 91% of children used a feeding bottle, and most of bottles (79%) did not have an orthodontic nipple. In addition, 60% of children aged 24-36 months had the deleterious habit of grinding their teeth. Conclusion: in the present study, we investigated children from 0 to 5 years old and observed that this age group is predisposed to deleterious oral habits. In this way, more studies that trace a safe epidemiological profile aiming to reduce these harmful habits are extremely necessary.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of HIV among Voluntary Counseling and Testing Centers Clients, Elgenina Town, West Darfur, Sudan.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Ahmed, M. Hussein ◽  
Ahmed Mokhtar Osman Mohammed ◽  
Dawria, Adam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nonprobability Sample ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study was conducted in two (VCTs) at Elgenina town, the capital of West Darfur State in Sudan in period from November 2010 to February 2011, the study included all people attending VCTs in Elgeniena town for voluntary checking one hundred and fifty clients who visited the (VCT) centers and volunteered were included in this study, nonprobability sample, 150 volunteers was taken and covered all ages, One ml of blood was taken from each of the study sample and tested by rapid Immune Chromatographic (ICT) for HIV, a structured questionnaire was designed and the interviewed after a written consent to participate in the study was signed, data was analyzed using the SPSS statistical programmer and for possible association between study variables, the Chi square test was used, the study showed that 35 volunteers (23.33%) were positives, of whom 54.3% 19 were males. People having more than one sex partner were high 63.6% with statistically significant factor of getting infection (P.value = 0.00). Also, practicing unsafe sex were 5.2% another major risky (P.value = 0.00). Among the HIV positive cases 34.3% were drug users, compared to 20.9% from the HIV negatives (p. value = 0.10). There is no relation between education level and infection with HIV (p .value = 0.154). Forty two percent of the participants were single, 30% married, 10% divorced, 7.3% widows and 10.7% were separate

scholarly journals A Study on Investor's Attitude towards Government Securities in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Pitambar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Rich People ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Government Security

The research paper sought to analyze the interest and awareness of Nepali people on government securities with one specific objectives of to examine the investor's interest and awareness towards government securities. The descriptive and analytical research design has been adopted in the study. The target population was the all investors of government securities in Nepal. The judgmental sampling method has been used to select the investor and 200 respondents were taken as its sample size. The data were collected using structured questionnaire. Chi-square test was done to examine the investor's interest and awareness towards government securities. It can be concluded that both educated and uneducated people are interested in government security. Thus, the research paper draws the conclusion that both poor and rich people are interested in government security. The income is the major factor of investment on government security.

scholarly journals A Study of Investors’ Preference towards Mutual Funds in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Rajan Bilas Bajracharya ◽  
Rushil Bhakta Mathema
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Money Market ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A Mutual Fund is an investment vehicle that pools funds from various investors and invests the funds in stocks, bonds, short-term money-market instruments, other securities or assets or some combination of these investments. The primary goal behind investment in mutual fund is to earn goods return with comparatively low risk. The main objective of this research is to identify investors’ preference towards mutual fund in Kathmandu metropolitan city. By using in structured questionnaire, Description statistical tools like chi-square test have been used for analyzing the data. The findings from this research are that the most of the investors are doubtful to invest the new age investment like mutual funds.

Factors Lowering Levels of Rabies Vaccination: A case of Kibaha Town District of Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
F.M. Chikoondo ◽  
K.S. Majid ◽  
C.A.R. Mpelumbe-Ngeleja
Keyword(s):  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dog Ownership ◽  
Rabies Control ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Rabies Vaccination ◽  
Linear Trends ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A study was conducted in Kibaha Town Council of Pwani Region of Tanzania to survey the probable factors that negatively affected the anti-rabies vaccinations leading to low percent coverage in some selected wards. The data used in this study were gathered from households keeping dogs and cats and institutions, using a semi-structured questionnaire and interviews. Another set of data was the record of the rabies control programme at the district veterinary office. Analysis of the data was done using SPSS.16, Microsoft Excel 2007 and EpiInfoTM7. The enquiry instrument centred on three main fields, namely, knowledge of respondents about rabies, responsible dog ownership and their perception of issues pertaining to the conduct of the rabies control programme. The results showed that the last round of vaccination covered dogs for 57% of the sampled households in the selected wards. A huge percentage of the respondents (64%) kept the wrong perception that clinical rabies could be cured. Only 34% of the respondents indicated that they had been taught about rabies in a WHO project area. It was also learnt that there was an outbreak of rabies in the district after 2 years of consecutively vaccinating the dogs in the area. The Chi- square test for linear trends showed very highly significant statistical differences in the progression of numbers of dogs vaccinated over the years (p<0.05; = 0.0000). This study concludes that, lack of sufficient knowledge on rabies and negative attitude towards the control programme were the biggest drawbacks on the vaccination coverage.

scholarly journals Practice and Awareness Regarding Tobacco Consumption among Residents of the Hilly area of Eastern Region of Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Ram Bilakshan Shah ◽  
Laxmi Subedi ◽  
Nilambar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introduction: Tobacco use is a global socio-economic hazard and medical malady. The incidence of tobacco is persisting and spreading in all walks of our modern society.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among residents of Dhankuta Municipality where 205 households were taken as subjects. Pretested semi-structured questionnaire was administered to the study subjects and face to face interview was conducted. Chi-square test was applied to find out the association between pattern of tobacco use and awareness of tobacco use among residents of Dhankuta municipality.Results: The awareness towards tobacco use among residents of Dhankuta municipality was found to be 41 %. The awareness of tobacco consumption was significantly higher among the female (49 %) in gender and those whose education were School Leaving Certificate (SLC) and above (44.6 %) (P<0.05). The respondents consuming tobacco have forty times lesser chances of having aware as respondents not consuming tobacco (OR=0.025). The respondents consuming tobacco for more than 20 years (12.1 %) and more than 20 sticks per day (20 %) were more aware of tobacco consumption but the difference was not significant.Conclusions: The awareness towards tobacco use among residents of Dhankuta municipality was found to be less. Male in gender, lack of education and poor occupation like famer, housewife was found to be less aware of tobacco consumption. 

scholarly journals Association of Snoring and Cardiovascular Symptoms - A Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 653-658
Author(s):  
Malavika Pradeep ◽  
Sridevi G ◽  
Kavitha S
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Loud Sound ◽  
Respiratory Disorders ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sleep Posture

Snoring is a loud sound that can be produced when air across the relaxed tissues of the throat. The causes of snoring include age, being overweight or out of shape, the way you are built, nasal and sinus problems, sleep posture, alcohol, smoking and medications. The present study was performed to find the association between the habit of snoring and health problems like hypertension, breathlessness, fatigue and chest pain among genders. A self-developed questionnaire to assess the snoring habits of the participants with their underlying health problems. The study was conducted on an online platform and the responses were collected. The datas were collected and analysed with the help of statistical software SPSS version 22 and chi-square test was used as a statistical analysis to find how snoring habit affects the participants based on the gender. The results revealed that male respondents who have the habit of snoring are more related to problems like breathlessness, hypertension, fatigue and chest pain compared to females. This result can be justified by the fact that females have strong hormonal support offered by estrogen that protects them from cardiovascular and respiratory disorders.

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