scholarly journals Comparative Study of Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability on Banyan/Ramie Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
T. Raja ◽  
S. Ravi ◽  
Alagar Karthick ◽  
Asif Afzal ◽  
B. Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Ramie Fiber ◽  
Fabric Composite

The usage of natural fibers has increased recently. They are used to replace synthetic fiber products in aircraft and automobile industries. In this study, natural fibers of bidirectional banyan mat and ramie fabrics are used for reinforcement, and the matrix is an epoxy resin to fabricate composite laminates by traditional hand layup technique at atmospheric temperature mode. Five different sequences of reinforcements are as follows to quantify the effect of thermal stability and mechanical behavior of silane-treated and untreated hybrid composites. The results revealed that silane-treated fabric composite laminates were given enhanced mechanical properties of 7% tensile, 11% flexural, and 9% impact strength compared with untreated fabric composite, and at the same time when the increasing of ramie fabric was given the positive influence of 41% improved tensile strength of 40.7 MPa, 49% improved in flexural strength of 38.9 MPa and negative influence in 57% lower impact strength in sample E and positive value in sample A 21.12 J impact energy absorbed in the hybrid composite. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the thermal stability of the hybrid composite. In sample A, the thermal stability is more than in other samples, and 410°C is required to reduce the mass loss of 25%. The working mass condition of the hybrid composite is up to 3.25 g after it moves to degrade.

scholarly journals Delamination and Manufacturing Defects in Natural Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composite: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1323
Author(s):  
M. J. Suriani ◽  
Hannah Zalifah Rapi ◽  
R. A. Ilyas ◽  
Michal Petrů ◽  
S. M. Sapuan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Manufacturing Defects ◽  
Reinforced Composite

In recent years, most boat fabrication companies use 100% synthetic fiber-reinforced composite materials, due to their high performance of mechanical properties. In the new trend of research on the fabrication of boat structure using natural fiber hybrid with kevlar/fiberglass-reinforced composite, the result of tensile, bending, and impact strength showed that glass fiber-reinforced polyester composite gave high strength with increasing glass fiber contents. At some point, realizing the cost of synthetic fiber is getting higher, researchers today have started to use natural fibers that are seen as a more cost-effective option. Natural fibers, however, have some disadvantages, such as high moisture absorption, due to repelling nature; low wettability; low thermal stability; and quality variation, which lead to the degradation of composite properties. In recent times, hybridization is recommended by most researchers as a solution to natural fiber’s weaknesses and to reduce the use of synthetic fibers that are not environmentally friendly. In addition, hybrid composite has its own special advantages, i.e., balanced strength and stiffness, reduced weight and cost, improved fatigue resistance and fracture toughness, and improved impact resistance. The synthetic–nature fiber hybrid composites are used in a variety of applications as a modern material that has attracted most manufacturing industries’ attention to shift to using the hybrid composite. Some of the previous studies stated that delamination and manufacturing had influenced the performance of the hybrid composites. In order to expand the use of natural fiber as a successful reinforcement in hybrid composite, the factor that affects the manufacturing defects needs to be investigated. In this review paper, a compilation of the reviews on the delamination and a few common manufacturing defect types illustrating the overview of the impact on the mechanical properties encountered by most of the composite manufacturing industries are presented.

Development of Banana/Coir Natural Fibers Reinforced Polypropylene Hybrid Composites: The Effect of MA-g-PP (Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene) on Mechanical Properties and Thermal Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Gunturu Bujjibabu ◽  
Vemulapalli Chittaranjan Das ◽  
Malkapuram Ramakrishna ◽  
Konduru Nagarjuna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
C Fibers

Banana/Coir fiber reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites was formulated by using twin screw extruder and injection molding machine. Specimens were prepared untreated and treated B/C Hybrid composites with 4% and 8% of MA-g-PP to increase its compatibility with the polypropylene matrix. Both the without MA-g-PP and with MA-g-PP B/C hybrid composites was utilized and three levels of B/C fiber loadings 15/5, 10/10 and 5/15 % were used during manufacturing of B/C reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites. In this work mechanical performance (tensile, flexural and impact strengths) of untreated and treated (coupling agent) with 4% and 8% of MA-g-PP B/C fibers reinforced polypropylene hybrid composite have been investigated. Treated with MA-g-PP B/C fibers reinforced specimens explored better mechanical properties compared to untreated B/C fibers reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites. Mechanical tests represents that tensile, flexural and impact strength increases with increase in concentration of coupling agent compared to without coupling agent MA-g-PP hybrid composites . B/C fibers reinforced polymer composites exhibited higher tensile, flexural and impact strength at 5% of Banana fiber, 15% of fiber Coir in the presence of 8% of MA-g-PP compared to 4% of MA-g-PP and untreated hybrid composites. The percentage of water absorption in the B/C fibers reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites resisted due to the presence of coupling agent MA-g-PP and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) also has done.

Comparison of Melt Flow and Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk and Kenaf Hybrid Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Aziz Noor Zuhaira ◽  
Rahmah Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Melt Flow

This research is to identify the difference in melt flow and mechanical properties in hybrid composites between kenaf and rice husk that each of the filler was compounded with composite material of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) in different loading amount. Different filler loading up to 30 parts of kenaf fibers and rice husk particulate were mixed with the fixed 30% amount of CaCO3. Compounded hybrid composite were prepared and tested for melt flow index, tensile and impact strength. Addition of both fillers had decreased melt flow index (MFI). MFI of rice husk/CaCO3 was higher than kenaf/CaCO3 in HDPE composites. Tensile strength, elongation at break and impact properties of both hybrid composites had decreased with increasing filler content. Tensile strength of kenaf/CaCO3 was higher than rice husk/CaCO3 due to intrinsic fiber structure of kenaf which has some reinforcing effect compared to rice husk. While, impact strength of rice husk/CaCO3 was improved with addition of filler but drastically decrease as the rice husk content were increased up to 30% due to high silica content in rice husk. The Youngs Modulus was increased with addition of natural fibers in CaCO3/HDPE composite.

scholarly journals Mechanical Behaviour of Palm Fiber (Palmyra Spout) – Basalt Fiber - Hybrid Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1064-1070
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Molding Method

: In general the natural fibers are taken out from the sources of animals and plants. In recent days the natural fibers play an important role in engineering applications like automotive, aerospace and marine industries due to abundant availability, less in cost and zero percentage environment harmless in nature. In this paper the investigation of various mechanical properties of hybrid reinforced composite (Palm fiber Basalt S-glass fiber) is been done on the fabricated samples. The different mechanical property includes tensile, hardness and impact tests etc... The fabrication comprises three layers of Palm and Basalt fibers outer laminated by two layers of S-glass fibers using injection molding method. From the various testing and investigation against the test sample it is been concluded that the fibers in the hybrid set took a major role in determining the important mechanical properties. Thus the fibers present in the hybrid composite increases the strength, stiffness and weight ratio of the composite materials. The various forms and structural analysis of the hybrid composite material are processed by using scanning electron microscope for attaining the better results and application basis

Correlation of structural and mechanical properties for Al-Al2O3-SiC hybrid metal matrix composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110115
Author(s):  
Naseem Ahamad ◽  
Aas Mohammad ◽  
Moti Lal Rinawa ◽  
Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni ◽  
Pallav Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Al Matrix

The aim of the present paper is to examine the outcome of Al2O3-SiC reinforcements on structural and mechanical behavior of Al matrix based hybrid composites. Al-Al2O3-SiC hybrid composite has been developed through stir casting with addition of ceramics i.e. Al2O3-SiC (2.5 wt.%, 5.0 wt.%, 7.5 wt.% and 10.0 wt.%) in relative and symmetrical proportion. The structural characteristics, i.e. phase, microstructure, EDS; physical property i.e. density and the mechanical properties, i.e. hardness, impact strength and tensile strength of fabricated specimens have been investigated. XRD represents the transitional phase formation among Al base material and Al2O3-SiC ceramic phases with inter-atomic bonding between them. SEM reveals that the Al2O3-SiC fragments has distributed symmetrically in Al matrix. EDS spectrum of various samples are in confirmation with the XRD results. Density of hybrid composite reduces with increase in weight percentage of ceramic reinforcements i.e. Al2O3-SiC because ceramic particle gains low density after preheating. Hardness of hybrid composites increases upto 5 wt.% variation of ceramic reinforcements i.e. Al2O3-SiC after that it decreases. Impact strength of hybrid composite has been increased with an increase in weight percentage of ceramic. Al-2.5 wt.% Al2O3-2.5 wt.% SiC shows maximum ultimate tensile strength. It is expected that the prepared hybrid composites will be useful for fastener studs.

Effects of Calcium Carbonate on Melt Flow and Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk/HDPE and Kenaf/HDPE Hybrid Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 286-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Aziz Noor Zuhaira ◽  
Mohamed Rahmah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Melt Flow

In this research, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was compounded with rice husk/high density polyethylene (HDPE) and kenaf/HDPE composite at different filler loadings to produce hybrid composites. Melt flow index (MFI) and mechanical properties of hybrid composite was investigated. From the test results, the addition of CaCO3 filler had decreased melt flow index (MFI) on both composites. In terms of mechanical properties, tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength decreased, whereas Youngs Modulus increased with the increase of CaCO3 in both kenaf/HDPE and rice husk/HDPE composites. Impact strength of unfilled rice husk/HDPE composite was lower than unfilled kenaf/HDPE composite, however impact strength of CaCO3/rice husk/HDPE hybrid composite were found to have slightly higher than CaCO3/kenaf/HDPE hybrid composite with addition of 10% and 20% of CaCO3.

Influence of stacking sequence and orientation of the fabric on mechanical properties of twill Kenaf/Kevlar reinforced unsaturated polyester hybrid composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110199
Author(s):  
HT Sreenivas ◽  
N Krishnamurthy ◽  
MS Murali ◽  
GR Arpitha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Stacking Sequence ◽  
The Matrix

The current study investigates on development of hybrid composite with Kenaf/Kevlar as reinforcement and unsaturated Polyester as the matrix considering stacking sequence, the orientation of fabric and twill 2x2 weave of the Kenaf fabric in particular. Five laminates (L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5) were developed by stacking the lamina's one over the other with the matrix and then cured in an autoclave. The laminates were subjected to experimental investigation to evaluate mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, hardness, and impact strength. Results indicate that L5 shows good flexural strength and modulus, high hardness, and good impact strength, whereas L4 indicates the best tensile strength and tensile modulus. To summarize, the hybridization resulted in an average of 30% increased mechanical property for Laminate L5. The effect of stacking in L5 has a significant impact on the property of the composite. The results of the study were mainly focused on minimizing the use of synthetic fiber and replacing it with natural fiber. SEM analysis was performed on fractured surfaces of specimens which revealed that the failure of the laminated composite is due to poor interfacial bonding among fiber and matrix. Overall, the composite obtained from the combination of Kenaf and Kevlar fabrics had the best balance of properties finds appropriate application for car bumpers, fenders, boat hull, turbine blade etc.

Effect of Fiber Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Banana-Glass Fiber Hybrid Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 202-205
Author(s):  
V. Santhanam ◽  
M. Chandrasekaran ◽  
N. Venkateshwaran
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Synthetic Fiber

Composite materials are widely used for their superior properties such as high strength to weight ratio, high tensile strength, low thermal expansion, low density etc. Due to environmental issues the eco-friendly composites are being explored. Natural fibers as reinforcement for polymer composites are widely studied. But natural fibers lack better mechanical properties when compared with synthetic fibers. Hence mixing the natural fiber with a synthetic fiber such as glass fiber will improve mechanical properties of the composites. In this study banana fiber is mixed with glass fiber, and the mixture is used as reinforcement in epoxy matrix. The composite specimens were prepared using hand layup technique, the fibers were randomly oriented. Further the fiber length was varied as 10, 15, 20 and 25mm and volume fraction as 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Experiments were conducted to find the effect of fiber length and volume fraction on tensile strength, flexural strength, water absorption properties of the composites. It is observed that a fiber length of 20mm and 20% fiber volume fraction gave better mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Impact Strength of Glass/Kevlar Fiber Hybrid Composites with Various Stacking Sequences and Impact Energies

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4286-4293
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Stacking Sequence ◽  
Kevlar Fiber ◽  
The Impact

Hybrid composites have been considered as modern materials for many engineering applications, yet there is still a major concern on the influence of stacking sequence configuration in hybrid composite laminates especially under impact loading. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to determine the optimized stacking sequence of glass/Kevlar fiber hybrid composite laminates under impact loading. Hybrid composite laminates were fabricated using vacuum bagging method with four different stacking sequences known as H1, H2, H3 and H4. Low velocity drop weight impact test (ASTM D7136) was conducted using a hemispherical nose impactor diameter of 12 mm with a mass of 6 kg at impact energy levels of 10 J, 20 J, 30 J, and 40 J. From the results obtained, H3 specimen which has a stacking sequence of glass fiber in the exterior part with Kevlar fiber in the interior part was concluded as the optimized stacking sequence with better impact resistance properties. H3 specimen recorded a higher value in peak load, maximum initiation energy, high impact strength, high strength to weight ratio and high total energy absorbed to weight ratio. In addition, it was observed that H3 specimen has less damaged area compared to H1, H2, and H4 specimens. This study contributes knowledge on the impact resistance properties of hybrid composite laminates which will be much useful for material selection and product development.

scholarly journals Degradation of Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Reinforcement with Epoxy-Polyester Matrix Under Water Absorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3586-3590
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Moisture Condition

Natural fiberss represent a good renewable and biodegradable alternative the.. most common man-made reinforcement. Among various fibers, natural fibers are used due to their advantages, easy availability, low density, low production cost and better mechanical properties. The aim of this work is to study the degradation of hybrid composites when exposed to moisture condition at room temperature. Hand lay-up method is used to prepare the laminates with the J-G FRP and epoxy matrix. Water absorption test is carried out by immersing the specimen in water tub at room temperature for different time periods. Mechanical properties.. like Tensile strength, Flexural strength, Impact strength and Hardness are evaluated by performing different tests on laminates. The mechanicall properties of water immersed specimen were tested and compared with dry samples as per the ASTM standard. The composites specimens with J-G FRE matrix absorbs less amount of water when compared to polyester specimens. Equilibrium moisture content and water absorption curves were determined. J-G FRE matrix composite was found to have less water absorption and decreased impact strength is 0.19J / mm2, decreased tensile strength is 61.11MPa, decreased flexural strength is 31.29MPa and decreased stiffness is 13HN compared to J-G FRP matrix composite.

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